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| *] - ] ] signs the ] into ]. The act goes into effect the next year. | *] - ] ] signs the ] into ]. The act goes into effect the next year. | ||
| *] - ]i commandos raid ] airport in ], rescuing most of the passengers and crew of an ] jetliner seized by pro-Palestinian hijackers. | *] - ]i commandos raid ] airport in ], rescuing most of the passengers and crew of an ] jetliner seized by pro-Palestinian hijackers. | ||
| *] - Millions of ] celebrate ]s Bicentennital. | |||
| *] - In ], former ] chief ] (aka the "Butcher of Lyon") is convicted of ] and is sentenced to life imprisonment. | *] - In ], former ] chief ] (aka the "Butcher of Lyon") is convicted of ] and is sentenced to life imprisonment. | ||
| *] - On 214th anniversary of the ], '']'' is the second '']'' movie to open in theaters, starring ]. | *] - On 214th anniversary of the ], '']'' is the second '']'' movie to open in theaters, starring ]. | ||
Revision as of 14:09, 30 April 2005
July 4 is the 185th day of the year (186th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 180 days remaining.
The phrase July 4th or Fourth of July has acquired widespread significance in American lingo as a reference to the Independence Day celebration in the United States and that celebration's many cultural accoutrements.
Template:JulyCalendar
Events
- 993 - Saint Ulrich of Augsburg canonized.
- 1054 - A supernova is observed by the Chinese and Amerindians near the star ζ Tauri. For several months it remains bright enough to be seen during the day. Its remnants form the Crab Nebula.
- 1187 - Saladin defeats Guy of Lusignan, King of Jerusalem, at the Battle of Hattin.
- 1776 - American Revolutionary War: The Continental Congress approves a Declaration of Independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain forming the United States of America.
- 1802 - At West Point, New York the United States Military Academy opens.
- 1803 - The Louisiana Purchase is announced to the American people.
- 1817 - At Rome, New York, construction on the Erie Canal begins.
- 1826 - Fiftieth anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, on which John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, two of America's Founding Fathers, died. (Luther Martin, another Founding Father would die a few days later, on July 8,1826.)
- 1837 - Grand Junction Railway, world's first long-distance railway, opens between Birmingham and Liverpool.
- 1838 - The Iowa Territory is organized.
- 1840 - The Cunard Line's 700 ton wooden paddlewheel steamer RMS Britannia departs from Liverpool bound for Halifax, Nova Scotia on the first transatlantic passenger cruise.
- 1845 - Near Concord, Massachusetts, Henry David Thoreau embarks on a two-year experiment in simple living at Walden Pond (see Walden).
- 1855 - In Brooklyn, New York, the first edition of Walt Whitman's book of poems titled Leaves of Grass is published.
- 1859 - Franco-Piedmontese War: The Battle of Magenta.
- 1862 - Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (Lewis Carroll) goes on a boating picnic with Alice Liddell, who asks to be entertained with a story. This story would grow into Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and its sequels.
- 1863 - American Civil War: Battle of Vicksburg - Ulysses S. Grant and the Union Army capture the Confederate city Vicksburg, Mississippi after the town surrendered. The siege lasted 47 days.
- 1865 - Alice's Adventures in Wonderland is published.
- 1881 - In Alabama, the Tuskegee Institute opens.
- 1894 - The short-lived Republic of Hawaii is proclaimed by Sanford B. Dole.
- 1910 - African-American boxer Jack Johnson knocks out white boxer Jim Jeffries in a heavyweight boxing match sparking race riots across the United States.
- 1918 - Ottoman sultan Mehmed VI ascends to the throne.
- 1918 - Bolsheviks kill Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and his family (Julian calendar date).
- 1927 - Initial flight of the Lockheed Vega.
- 1934 - Joe Louis wins his first professional boxing match.
- 1934 - Leo Szilard patents the chain-reaction design for the atomic bomb.
- 1939 - Lou Gehrig, recently diagnosed with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, tells a crowd at Yankee Stadium that he considered himself "The luckiest man on the face of the earth" as he announces his retirement from major league baseball.
- 1941 - Mass murder of Polish scientists and writers, committed by Nazi Germans in captured Polish city of Lwów.
- 1946 - After over 400 years of colonial rule, the Philippines is granted full independence by the United States
- 1950 - First broadcast by Radio Free Europe
- 1959 - With the admission of Alaska as the 49th U.S. state earlier in the year, the 49-star flag of the United States debuts in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- 1960 - Due to the post-Independence Day admission of Hawaii as the 50th U.S. state on August 21, 1959, the 50-star flag of the United States debuts in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania almost ten and a half months later (see Flag Act).
- 1966 - President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Freedom of Information Act into United States law. The act goes into effect the next year.
- 1976 - Israeli commandos raid Entebbe airport in Uganda, rescuing most of the passengers and crew of an Air France jetliner seized by pro-Palestinian hijackers.
- 1976 - Millions of Americans celebrate Americas Bicentennital.
- 1987 - In France, former Gestapo chief Klaus Barbie (aka the "Butcher of Lyon") is convicted of crimes against humanity and is sentenced to life imprisonment.
- 1990 - On 214th anniversary of the United States Declaration of Independence, Die Hard 2: Die Harder is the second Die Hard movie to open in theaters, starring Bruce Willis.
- 1997 - NASA's Pathfinder space probe lands on the surface of Mars.
- 1998 - Lin "Spit" Newborn and Daniel Shersty are murdered by neonazis in the desert just outside Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.
- 2002 - Three people are shot at the El Al check-in booth at Los Angeles International Airport. The gunman is shot and killed by a security officer.
- 2002 - A Prestige Airlines cargo Boeing 707 crashes just short of the runway in Bangui, Central African Republic killing 25
- 2004 - The cornerstone of the Freedom Tower is lain on the site of the World Trade Center in New York City. (This was largely a symbolic event; actual construction would not start for several weeks)
Births
- 1330 - Ashikaga Yoshiakira, Ashikaga shogun (d. 1367)
- 1540 - Gackt Camui, song writer and singer (self-claimed)
- 1546 - Murat III, Ottoman Emperor (d. 1595)
- 1799 - Joseph François Oscar Bernadotte, future king Oscar I of Sweden-Norway (d. 1859)
- 1804 - Nathaniel Hawthorne, writer (d. 1864)
- 1807 - Giuseppe Garibaldi, Italian patriot
- 1826 - Stephen Foster, songwriter ("Oh! Susanna", "Camptown Races") (d. 1864)
- 1845 - Thomas Barnardo, Irish founder of homes for underprivileged children
- 1847 - James Anthony Bailey, co-founder with Phineas Taylor Barnum of the Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey Circus.
- 1872 - Calvin Coolidge, 30th president of the United States
- 1878 - George M. Cohan, singer, dancer, composer, actor, writer (d. 1942)
- 1883 - Rube Goldberg, cartoonist (d. 1970)
- 1902 - Meyer Lansky, mobster (d. 1983)
- 1902 - George Murphy, dancer, actor, Senator from California (d. 1992)
- 1904 - Angela Baddeley, actress, Mrs Bridges on Upstairs Downstairs, sister of Hermione Baddeley (d. 1976)
- 1910 - Gloria Stuart, actress
- 1911 - Mitch Miller, bandleader, television personality
- 1917 - Manolete (Manuel Rodríguez Sánchez), bullfighter (d. 1947)
- 1918 - Ann Landers, advice columnist (d. 2002)
- 1918 - Abigail Van Buren, advice columnist and twin sister to Ann Landers
- 1921 - Tibor Varga, violinist, conductor and pedagogue
- 1923 - Rudolf Friedrich, member of the Swiss Federal Council
- 1924 - Eva Marie Saint, actress (North by Northwest, On the Waterfront)
- 1927 - Gina Lollobrigida, actress
- 1930 - George Steinbrenner, owner of the New York Yankees
- 1938 - Bill Withers, singer/songwriter
- 1942 - Floyd Little, American football player
- 1943 - Konrad "Conny" Bauer, musician, free jazz trombonist
- 1943 - Geraldo Rivera, reporter, talk show host
- 1946 - Ed O'Ross, American actor
- 1946 - Ron Kovic, author (Born on the Fourth of July)
- 1951 - Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, U.S. political figure
- 1967 - Vinny Castilla, Mexican baseball player
- 1974 - La'Roi Glover, American football player
- 1976 - Daijiro Kato, Japanese motorcycle racer
- 1986 - Shane Kippel, Canadian actor
Deaths
- 965 - Pope Benedict V
- 1187 - Raynald of Chatillon, (executed)
- 1623 - William Byrd, English composer
- 1821 - Richard Cosway, English artist
- 1826 - John Adams 2nd President of the United States
- 1826 - Thomas Jefferson, 3rd President of the United States
- 1831 - James Monroe, 5th President of the United States
- 1838 - Colonel José Antonio Vidaurre, Chilean revolutionary (shot)
- 1848 - François-René de Chateaubriand, French writer, diplomat
- 1850 - William Kirby, entomologist
- 1857 - William L. Marcy, American statesman (b. 1786)
- 1891 - Hannibal Hamlin, U.S. Vice President
- 1901 - Johannes Schmidt, German linguist
- 1902 - Swami Vivekananda
- 1910 - Giovanni Schiaparelli, Italian astronomer (b. 1835)
- 1926 - Pier Giorgio Frassati, Italian mountaineer
- 1931 - Buddie Petit, jazz musician
- 1934 - Marie Sklodowska-Curie, Polish-born co-discoverer of radium and polonium
- 1970 - Barnett Newman, artist
- 1971 - August Derleth, writer and editor
- 1975 - Georgette Heyer, author
- 1976 - Antoni Słonimski, Polish poet and writer (b. 1895)
- 1986 - Oscar Zariski, mathematician (b. 1899)
- 1991 - Dr. Victor Chang, Australian physician (murdered)
- 1995 - Eva Gabor, actress
- 1997 - Charles Kuralt, television reporter
- 2002 - Benjamin O. Davis Jr., U.S. general
- 2003 - Barry White, singer
- 2004 - Jean-Marie Auberson, Swiss conductor (b. 1920)
Holidays and observances
External links
July 3 - July 5 - June 4 - August 4 - more historical anniversaries
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