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| The short-lived EVL was not a classical fascist party. Most of its support came from the workers who previously voted either for ] or ] parties. The league rejected ] and openly criticized the Nazi ]. It also lacked the willingness to use ], and the goal of territorial expansion. | The short-lived EVL was not a classical fascist party. Most of its support came from the workers who previously voted either for ] or ] parties. The league rejected ] and openly criticized the Nazi ]. It also lacked the willingness to use ], and the goal of territorial expansion. | ||
| == Estonian SS and the Holocaust == | |||
| ] as "]".]] | |||
| {{main|20th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Estonian)}} | |||
| The Nazis planed to use the Estonian fascists in realization of the "Wannsee protocol" - the project of wiping out of 11 million Jews on occupied territories by the Fascist Germany. Not accidentally the territory of Estonia was selected as a place for 140 camps of death, where prisoners from many countries of Europe were contained. Some of them specialized on Jews only. The Estonian fascists have managed "to modernize" a procedure of getting "an economic effect" from destruction of people. If in Osvencim special commands extracted golden crowns and removed golden rings from dead bodies, the Estonian "rationalizes" pulled out golden teeth of the victims with the help of pliers on the edge of graves before their execution. | |||
| The Estonian Legion SS was formed on the order of ] in ] and since January 1944 is more known as the ]. The Estonian Legion was remanned by the local fascists. They, when the German army had come to Estonia, organized Jewish pogroms. On October 25, 1941 Walter Stahlecker, SS-Brigadier General and Major General of the Police, reported that extermination of the Jews in the Baltic states was conducted by police and forces of self-defense and had a nature of "self-cleaning". "The report on the number of executed" and a map with the indication of places of the execution were sent to Berlin. By January 1942 all Jewish population of Estonia was exterminated. (see ]) | |||
| == See also == | == See also == | ||
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In the pre-World War II Estonia, the Estonian War of Independence Veterans' League (Eesti Vabadussõjalaste Liit; EVL), an arguably fascist group, succeeded in legally obtaining the absolute majority vote of the people in Tallinn and Tartu city councils.
In a 1933 referendum, the league spearheaded replacement of the parliamentary system with a presidential form of government and laid the groundwork for an April 1934 presidential election, which it expected to win. However, the veterans were thwarted by a pre-emptive coup d'état on March 12, 1934, by Konstantin Päts, who then established his own authoritarian rule. The league was officially banned and finally disbanded in December 1935.
The short-lived EVL was not a classical fascist party. Most of its support came from the workers who previously voted either for socialist or communist parties. The league rejected racial ideology and openly criticized the Nazi persecution of Jews. It also lacked the willingness to use violence, and the goal of territorial expansion.
Estonian SS and the Holocaust
The Nazis planed to use the Estonian fascists in realization of the "Wannsee protocol" - the project of wiping out of 11 million Jews on occupied territories by the Fascist Germany. Not accidentally the territory of Estonia was selected as a place for 140 camps of death, where prisoners from many countries of Europe were contained. Some of them specialized on Jews only. The Estonian fascists have managed "to modernize" a procedure of getting "an economic effect" from destruction of people. If in Osvencim special commands extracted golden crowns and removed golden rings from dead bodies, the Estonian "rationalizes" pulled out golden teeth of the victims with the help of pliers on the edge of graves before their execution.
The Estonian Legion SS was formed on the order of Adolf Hitler in 1942 and since January 1944 is more known as the 20-th Division SS. The Estonian Legion was remanned by the local fascists. They, when the German army had come to Estonia, organized Jewish pogroms. On October 25, 1941 Walter Stahlecker, SS-Brigadier General and Major General of the Police, reported that extermination of the Jews in the Baltic states was conducted by police and forces of self-defense and had a nature of "self-cleaning". "The report on the number of executed" and a map with the indication of places of the execution were sent to Berlin. By January 1942 all Jewish population of Estonia was exterminated. (see Judenfrei)
See also
- 20th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Estonian)
- Occupation of Estonia by Nazi Germany
- Neo-Nazism in Estonia
Further reading
- Andres Kasekamp. 2000. The Radical Right in Interwar Estonia. London: Palgrave Macmillan, ISBN 0-312-22598-9