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This article documents a current event. Information may change rapidly as the event progresses, and initial news reports may be unreliable. The latest updates to this article may not reflect the most current information. Feel free to improve this article or discuss changes on the talk page, but please note that updates without valid and reliable references will be removed. (May 2007) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

The disappearance of Madeleine McCann occurred on the evening of Thursday, 3 May 2007 when a British girl, Madeleine McCann, went missing from the holiday apartment in Praia da Luz, Algarve in Portugal, which she was staying in with her parents. Madeleine, who was in a bedroom with her two two-year old siblings, was initially thought to have only "wandered off" by Portuguese Police, but further investigation by Portuguese police suggested an abduction.

Madeleine McCann

Madeleine McCann (born 12 May 2003 in Leicestershire, England) is a British toddler who is the eldest daughter of Kate, a general practitioner in Melton Mowbray, and Gerry McCann, a cardiologist at Glenfield Hospital in Leicester. Madeleine, who has a brother and a sister, Sean and Amelie, who are two-year-old twins, lives with her family in Rothley, England.

A notable identification feature is her right eye that has a type of coloboma, a complete split in the iris (a black radial strip reaching from the pupil out to the edge of the white) at '7 o'clock' position (i.e. about 30° clockwise from the bottom).

Disappearance

Madeleine disappeared from the apartment, where the family were staying, on the evening of 3 May. At the time her parents had put Madeleine and her siblings, two-year-old twins, to bed and were dining 100 yards away with friends at a restaurant near the Mark Warner Ocean Summer Club. Kate and Gerry McCann reported to the police that they were taking turns checking on their children and that at approximately 21:00 Western European Summer Time Gerry checked on the children and they were all fine. At around 21:45 the couple returned from the restaurant to find an empty bed and the apartment door and window wide open and reported the incident to the police at 22:00. Staff and guests at the complex searched until 04:30 whilst police on the Spanish border and all airports in Portugal and Spain were notified.

Timeline for 03/04 May 2007

• 21:00 Gerry checked the children.
• 21:45 The couple found that Madeleine was gone.
• 22:00 Incident reported to the police.
• 22:10 Police arrive at the hotel the McCann's were staying at.
• 22:30 Police investigation unit start the investigation.
• 04:30 Initial search called off.

Investigation

Portuguese police Polícia Judiciária (PJ) said on 6 May that they had a suspect in mind and believed the child is still alive in the area. Police with sniffer dogs searched the resort village, which has a population of about 1,000. However, on 8 May, 5 days after her disappearance, the Judiciária admitted they were unsure whether Madeleine was still alive.

Portuguese media have reported that the PJ are pursuing two lines of investigation: an abduction by an international paedophilia network or an abduction by an illegal adoption network.

Experts from Britain were flown out to assist the Portuguese police experts and Leicestershire Police sent family liaison officers to help the McCann family.

On 11 May the local search for the suspect was called off after it had produced no results. Then on 13 May the Portuguese police admitted for the first time that they had no suspects in mind. The only tangible line of enquiry that they were prepared to disclose was that they were examining photographs taken by holidaymakers.

Court hearings into the case began on 14 May.

At 07:00 WEST on the morning of 14 May searches began at a villa Casa Liliana, owned by Jennifer Murat, a British citizen, near the apartment where the girl went missing. Police and forensic teams sealed off the house, and at 16:00 the swimming pool was drained. Three people, including her son Robert Murat, were questioned at the main police station in nearby Portimão. Robert, a frequent visitor to the villa, had drawn the suspicion of Lori Campbell, a Sunday Mirror journalist, who informed the police. Former classmate Gaynor de Jesus said: "I do know that he has been the official translator for the police". Murat had said he was deeply concerned about Madeleine’s case because he had recently lost custody of his own three-and-a-half year old daughter who looked like the missing girl. No arrests have been made. Under Portuguese law arrests can only be made when a person has been given arguido (suspect) status officially; prior to being given this status persons are treated as witnesses. On 15 May Robert Murat was given this status but he has not been arrested or charged. It is not clear if Murat or the Police asked for the arguido status, it is thought that Murat might have asked for the status as it gives extra rights such as the right to remain silent. Murat has since gone to an unknown destination.

Chief Inspector Olegário de Sousa told a news conference on 15 May that a 33-year-old had been interrogated, but not enough evidence was found to justify arresting him. Sousa said police had searched five houses on Monday and seized "various materials" from the properties which were being subjected to forensic tests and had questioned two other people as witnesses. The suspect has signed an identity and residence statement which prevents him from moving house or leaving the country, and requires him to regularly report to police. Though no names were mentioned in the conference, the 33-year-old is believed to be Robert Murat and the other two questioned to be Murat's alleged girlfriend Michaela Walczuch, a German, and her former husband Luis Antonio, a Portuguese.

Despite Murat's reluctance to make a public statement, he has stated that he believed the case to have "ruined his life" and that his only way of survival would be the capture of Madeleine's captor. Murat has stated that he is being made a "scapegoat" so that the Police can be seen to have found a suspect.

On 16 May 2007, it was believed that two cars used by the Murats have been examined, and computers, mobile phones and several video tapes were taken away from their villa. It also emerged that a British architect who built the villa where Murat lives was ignored when he called police about a hidden basement within the property.The police were understood to have taken in for questioning Sergey Malinka, 22, a man of Russian origin, from whose property officers also took away a laptop computer and two hard drives. Malinka had set up a website for Murat. According to the Portuguese media, Malinka is said to be a convicted child sexual offender and a computer technician who is believed to be on good terms with Robert Murat, as the two exchanged frequent phone calls since Madeleine's disappearance—the reason the authorities started suspecting him.

The following day, a press conference was held in which Chief Police Inspector Olegário Sousa reiterated there was insufficient evidence to make an arrest. Regarding Sergey Malinka, police said that he had been questioned as a witness for approximately 5 hours, which did not, due to the "dynamic" nature of the investigation, mean the witness couldn't become a suspect.

Malinka spoke negatively of the coverage of the case in the Portuguese media, which had alleged that he was a convicted sexual offender, and denied he had contacted Murat and claimed to be "completely innocent". On 18 May, though, inconsistencies in his account of his relationship with Robert Murat emerged; while the Russian IT specialist had said he had not contacted Murat in a year, he mentioned three months to another reporter while Murat’s mobile phone records allegedly show he called Mr Malinka at 23:40 on the night Madeleine went missing.

Possible sightings

On 8 May 2007, it was reported that police in the mountainous town of Nelas, northern central Portugal, had received information of a girl matching Madeleine's description who was seen with a man in a supermarket. The man, a Belgian citizen, stopped at the supermarket with his daughter and left the place in a car before police could be contacted, but Police later confirmed that the sighting had been a false alarm.

On 9 May, the 24 Horas newspaper reported that police had found a vehicle near Praia da Luz that may have been used by the kidnapper.

On 9 May 2007, it transpired that CCTV video from a petrol station near Lagos showed a child matching Madeleine's description with a woman, with whom the child was having an altercation, and two men. Other people in the resort have come forward to report unusual incidents including a woman who noticed a man trying to take away a pram and a man who caught a stranger taking photographs of young blonde girls on a beach. On 10 May 2007 it was reported that the car, in which the three people who were caught on CCTV at the petrol station were travelling, had British number plates and it has been claimed that the person caught taking photographs was definitely one of the men on the CCTV footage.

Madeleine has been seen in Arkansas from footage on a police car video camera Arkansas State Police. A man was pulled over for speeding by a state trooper and the footage dated 15 May 2007 shows Madeleine looking out of the window in the car's back seat. She is seen with a couple, both of whom look about 24-25 years old. This was confirmed as Madeleine McCann by a closed circuit television expert.

Madeleine's Fund

A fighting fund, known as Madeleine’s Fund: Leaving No Stone Unturned, was launched in Leicester on 16 May, with support from former local rugby union star Martin Johnson. The purpose of the fund is to help the family with their costs and to continue the investigation independently, should that prove necessary. The family said that any extra funds would be used to aid in the search for other abducted children. The website reportedly received 78 million hits and 25,000 messages of support by 19 May, only three days after its launch.

Appeals

There were many appeals for Madeleine's safe return ranging from her family to celebrities.

From the family

Her father, Gerry McCann, said, "Words cannot describe the anguish and despair that we are feeling. Please, if you have Madeleine, let her come home to her Mummy, Daddy, brother and sister." He went on to say that the family would leave "no stone unturned" in the search for Madeleine and that he and his wife "remained positive."

Madeleine's aunt, Philomena McCann, drew up a poster to circulate in a chain email to help find the child. She also commented during a live phone interview that there was little coverage of the case in other countries apart from the UK and Portugal.

From celebrities

Manchester United footballer Cristiano Ronaldo, who is Portuguese, made a televised appeal on MUTV for her safe return saying "I was very upset to hear of the abduction of Madeleine McCann and I appeal to anyone with information to come forward, please come forward."

Chelsea and England footballer John Terry and his Portuguese teammate Paulo Ferreira said that they were "devastated to hear that young Maddy was abducted. Our thoughts and feelings go out to her parents, her family and we are urging anyone out there with any information at all, please, please, please come forward."

On 11 May 2007, David Beckham also made a public appeal. "If you have seen this little girl please could you go to your local authorities or police and give any information that you have," said Beckham, holding up poster with a photograph of Madeleine.

After a picture was released of Madeleine in an Everton shirt, Everton's Portuguese footballers Nuno Valente and Manuel Fernandes appealed for any news on her whereabouts and Phil Neville issued the following statement on behalf of the club. "Everton has fans all over the world and I know that they, along with everyone connected with the football club, are hoping and praying for Madeleine's safe return. Our thoughts are very much with the family at this extremely distressing time." Manager David Moyes added "Everybody here is desperately wanting to hear good news and my thoughts and prayers are with the family. If anybody out there knows anything, please come forward".

Celtic footballer Neil Lennon made an appeal for Madeleine's safety and yellow armbands were worn on 12 May, 2007 against Aberdeen to mark her 4th birthday.

A video appealing for help with the search for Madeleine was broadcast to Spanish football fans visiting the city of Glasgow for the UEFA Cup final on 16 May. Another film is to be broadcast at the English FA Cup Final on 19 May.

A myspace has also been created to promote awareness and keep people updated. The address is http://www.myspace.com/findmadeline

Reaction

The Portuguese ambassador in London, António Santana Carlos said, on 8 May, that the case was of "great concern" to Portugal and asked people to trust the police, amidst growing criticism of their handling of the case.

President Anibal Cavaco Silva announced on 9 May that he was following the case "with great concern", adding that the police were "doing everything to find the child alive".

Also on 9 May, Tony Blair's spokesperson said that the Prime Minister was following the case closely and that "we are helping in whatever way we can".

Criticism

Of the parents

There has been criticism of the parents in the Portuguese media. The Diário de Notícias insisted that Mr and Mrs McCann were suspects and claimed that on the night Madeleine disappeared they had not checked on her, contrary to what they told police. The Daily Telegraph has reported "Portugal has been stung by suggestions that the investigation has been handled ineptly, and while there is much sympathy locally for the McCanns they have also been criticised for leaving their children alone."

The couple were questioned by police on 10 May about why Madeleine was left alone in an apartment with the patio doors unlocked while they dined at the restaurant. There was a babysitting service together with a 'dining-out' creche service in the evenings for children aged four months to nine years - parents eating in the resort's restaurants drop the children off and pick them up later - but the McCanns did not use these facilities.

Of the police

There has been extensive criticism of the Portuguese police in the British media. It was reported that there were delays in obtaining and analysing forensic evidence, neither border nor marine police were given descriptions of Madeleine for many hours after she vanished, and officers had not been seen making extensive door-to-door inquiries. Critics allege that the scene had not been secured as tightly as it would have been in the UK and the lack of appeals for help and information has surprised British police experts. In response the police have stated that that they cannot release information because they are constrained by Article 86 of the Portuguese penal code that says information must not be released, apart from in exceptional circumstances, while the criminal investigation is still taking place.

Several Portuguese news media and opinion makers have criticised the massive police and law enforcement efforts, comparing it with the efforts used to help national victims in past similar affairs. (Taking part were up to 180 Portuguese police officials and civil protection helicopters together with hundreds of villagers and holidaymakers, an effort never seen in the search for other child disappearances in the country.)

Of the public reaction

The scale of the public reaction provoked negative comment from a number of media commentators. Matthew Parris suggested that the public response was unhealthy, and demonstrated an inability to keep a sense of proportion. The Guardian described the public reaction as hysteria and many commentators compared the events to those following the death of Princess Diana.

Of the media coverage

There has been some speculation about the reason for the intense and disproportionate amount of press coverage Madeleine's abduction has warranted worldwide, considering that Madeleine's parents are not celebrities and thousands of children are abducted every day around the world, and that the story broke headlines before any mention of the admittedly sizable reward.

According to the IPS News (http://www.ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=37797), some have suggested that this could be attributable to Madeleine's race, nationality, or socioeconomic status. Brazilian-Portuguese activist Ana Filgueiras told IPS that "the deployment of resources to find the missing girl is laudable, but it is regrettable that the same does not happen in the case of people who are less well-off. In Portugal we have never before seen a mobilisation of this magnitude...Across the globe, but especially in Africa, Latin America and Asia, the kidnapping of children is almost routine, but the phenomenon receives little coverage from media that are more interested in reporting each and every detail of the disappearance of a British girl, even though the case is insignificant in statistical terms."

According to UNICEF (the U.N. children's fund), 1.2 million children are trafficked every year around the world. In his column in Público newspaper, the former head of Portugal's bar association, José Miguel Júdice, said the enormous mobilisation was due to the fact that the little girl "is English, white, and the daughter of doctors...In the cases of the 31 children who went missing last year in Portugal, 'we didn't see helicopters or planes chartered by TV stations, or hundreds of police officers and trained dogs,'" he wrote.

Rewards

The total rewards on offer currently stand at over £2.6 million including:

• £1,500,000 (€2,200,000) including £250,000 by the News of the World, £250,000 by Sir Philip Green, £50,000 by Simon Cowell and £25,000 by Coleen McLoughlin. Other contributors include Sir Richard Branson, JK Rowling, and Bill Kenwright.
• £1,000,000 (€1,470,000) by British businessman Stephen Winyard.
• £100,000 (€147,000) by a colleague of Kate McCann.
• £10,000 (€14,700) by The Sun.
• (£10,200) €15,000 by Portuguese newspaper Record.

References

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8. "Rapto: adopção ou pedofilia?" (in Portuguese). Portugal Diário. 2007-05-08. Retrieved 2007-05-09. A Polícia Judiciária está a investigar a possibilidade de o desaparecimento de Madeleine estar relacionado com uma rede de pedofilia inglesa com ligações a Portugal. Mas há ainda uma outra pista que estrará igualmente a ser seguida: o rapto para uma eventual rede de adopção internacional.
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21. "My Life Is Ruined" - dur: 04.50. Sky News. May 15. Retrieved 2007-05-15. {{cite AV media}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help); Cite has empty unknown parameters: |accessyear= and |accessmonth= (help)
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23. "I'm Madeleine scapegoat, man says". BBC News. 2007-05-16. Retrieved 2007-05-16. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
24. "Madeleine police want to interview Russian". The Daily Telegraph. 2007-05-16. Retrieved 2007-05-16. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
25. "Police swoop on web designer's home". The Guardian. 2007-05-16. Retrieved 2007-05-16. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
26. Rui Gustavo (2007-05-16). "PJ faz buscas em casa de Sergei Malinka" (in Portuguese). Expresso. Retrieved 2007-05-17. Nos dias seguintes ao desaparecimento da criança, Roberto Murat, o único arguido do processo, trocou vários telefonemas com Sergei Malinka. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
27. "Cidadão russo ouvido pela PJ. Apartamento de Sergey Malinka alvo de buscas" (in Portuguese). Correio da Manhã. 2007-05-16. Retrieved 2007-05-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
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29. "'I Know Nothing About Missing Madeleine'". Sky News. 2007-05-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
30. Cite error: The named reference inconsistencies was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
31. ^ "Portugal defends Madeleine police". BBC News. Retrieved 2007-05-08.
32. João Moniz (2007-05-09). "Investigações da PJ seguem 350 pistas" (in Portuguese). Destak. Retrieved 2007-05-09. A PJ confirmou ontem que uma das pistas falsas foi verificada em Nelas. A parecença da filha de um cidadão belga, de visita à região, com Madeleine deixou a população desconfiada, ao ponto de um supermercado local ter filmado pai e filha. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
33. "Police 'step up Madeleine search'". BBC News. Retrieved 2007-05-08.
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35. "Staff At Maddy Resort 'Were Warned Of Suspicious Man'". LifStyle Extra. 2007-05-08. Retrieved 2007-05-12. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
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39. "Madeleine film plan for Cup Final". BBC News. 2007-05-18. Retrieved 2007-05-18. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
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45. "David Beckham appeals for information on missing toddler Madeleine McCann", International Herald Tribune, 11 May, 2007
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47. "Celtic players to wear yellow armbands". Celtic F.C. 2007-05-11. Retrieved 2007-05-11. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
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51. "Nine days on, but few tangible clues to cling to". The Guardian. 2007-05-12. Retrieved 2007-05-12. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
52. "Today Madeleine should have been celebrating". The Daily Telegraph. 2007-05-12. Retrieved 2007-05-12. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
53. "The 'family-friendly' holiday firm". BBC News. 2007-05-06. Retrieved 2007-05-16. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
54. "Criticism grows over search for missing toddler". The Age. 2007-05-10. Retrieved 2007-05-10. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
55. "Q&A: Madeleine McCann". The Guardian. Retrieved 2007-05-08.
56. ""Joana só teve direito a uma escavadora"".; "Rui Pedro, Desaparecido em 04/03/1998. "NÃO FIZERAM O MESMO"".; "Rui Pereira, Desaparecido em 02/03/1999. "ACREDITO QUE ESTÁ VIVO"".; "Cláudia Alexandra, Desaparecida em 13/05/1994. "NEM O TEMPO APAGA A DOR"" (in Portuguese). Correio da Manhã. Retrieved 2007-05-14.
57. Henrique Monteiro. "Joana e a menina inglesa" (in Portuguese). Expresso. Retrieved 2007-05-14. A justiça e a investigação criminal são iguais para ricos e pobres, ou a polícia sente-se particularmente impune quando a vida ou o sofrimento das pessoas envolvidas não vale sequer uma boa abertura de um noticiário?
58. "Madeleine reward rises to £2.5m". BBC. 2007-05-12. Retrieved 2007-05-12. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
59. "Rewards For Madeleine Info Top £2.5m". Sky News. 2007-05-12. Retrieved 2007-05-12. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
60. "£1m reward over missing Madeleine". BBC News. 2007-05-11. Retrieved 2007-05-11. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
61. "£1m reward in hunt for Maddie". The Metro. 2007-05-10. Retrieved 2007-05-10. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
62. "Sun offers £10k poster reward". The Sun. 2007-05-09. Retrieved 2007-05-09. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
63. "Record oferece 15.000 euros". Record. 2007-05-12. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

External links

• Official site, with a link to the appeal Madeleine’s Fund: Leaving No Stone Unturned
• Find Madeleine McCann

• Current events from May 2007
• Kidnapped children
• Disappeared people
• Crime in Portugal
• 2007 in Portugal