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| In his work ''"Waystations of the Gnostics"'' (''Maqamat al–‘arifin''), ] (d. 1037) defines several stages along a mystical path, where the ''‘arif'' occupies an intermediate stage. ] (d. 1339) remarks that the true ''‘arif'' sees the inward light of the divine being everywhere. The ] author ] (d. 1138), delineating the difference between ordinary knowledge (''‘ilm'') and ''ma‘rifa'', explains that every ''‘arif'' is a knower, but not every knower is an ''‘arif''. Some ] authors like ] (d. 1411), and ], define an ''‘arif'' as a believer whose love and knowledge (''ma‘rifa'') of the ]s draw him nearer to spiritual perfection. | In his work ''"Waystations of the Gnostics"'' (''Maqamat al–‘arifin''), ] (d. 1037) defines several stages along a mystical path, where the ''‘arif'' occupies an intermediate stage. ] (d. 1339) remarks that the true ''‘arif'' sees the inward light of the divine being everywhere. The ] author ] (d. 1138), delineating the difference between ordinary knowledge (''‘ilm'') and ''ma‘rifa'', explains that every ''‘arif'' is a knower, but not every knower is an ''‘arif''. Some ] authors like ] (d. 1411), and ], define an ''‘arif'' as a believer whose love and knowledge (''ma‘rifa'') of the ]s draw him nearer to spiritual perfection. | ||
| The Arabic word ''‘arif'' has also been borrowed into the "street language" (vernacular) of ] and other ], but with a change of meaning: it is used as a slang term corresponding to English "cool", "neat-o", etc. | |||
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Revision as of 07:25, 20 May 2007
Arif (Arabic: عارف) is a popular and common given name in various Muslim countries of Asia, such as Turkey, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and Malaysia (in Malaysia the spelling may varied to Ariff or Arief, but bear the same pronunciation). It means 'smart', 'knowledgeable' or 'wise' (Literally, "one who knows") in Arabic.
As a term, it was used by Sufi authors like Abu Abd al–Rahman al–Sulami (d. 1021) to mean "a gnostic, mystic; a seeker of marifa (spiritual knowledge)", similar in meaning to the terms salik, zahid, faqir, etc.
In his work "Waystations of the Gnostics" (Maqamat al–‘arifin), Ibn Sina (d. 1037) defines several stages along a mystical path, where the ‘arif occupies an intermediate stage. Mahmud Shabistari (d. 1339) remarks that the true ‘arif sees the inward light of the divine being everywhere. The Tayyibi author al–Khattab b. al–Hasan (d. 1138), delineating the difference between ordinary knowledge (‘ilm) and ma‘rifa, explains that every ‘arif is a knower, but not every knower is an ‘arif. Some Shi'ite authors like Rajab Bursi (d. 1411), and Ithna'ashari, define an ‘arif as a believer whose love and knowledge (ma‘rifa) of the imams draw him nearer to spiritual perfection.
The Arabic word ‘arif has also been borrowed into the "street language" (vernacular) of Amharic and other Ethiopian languages, but with a change of meaning: it is used as a slang term corresponding to English "cool", "neat-o", etc.
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