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| {{cleanup}} | |||
| {{main|History of Estonia}} | |||
| {{Infobox Former Subdivision | |||
| |native_name = Eesti, Eestimaa | |||
| |conventional_long_name = Est(h)onia | |||
| |common_name = Estonia | |||
| |subdivision = Autonomous Governorate | |||
| |nation = the ] and the ] | |||
| |year_start = 1917 | |||
| |event_start = | |||
| |date_start = ], ] (''autonomy'') | |||
| |year_end = 1918 | |||
| |event_end = | |||
| |date_end = ], ] (''de jure'')<br>], ] (''de facto'') | |||
| |event_pre = | |||
| |date_pre = | |||
| |event_post = | |||
| |date_post = | |||
| |p1 = Reval Governorate | |||
| |flag_p1= Flag of Russia (bordered).svg | |||
| |p2 = Riga Governorate | |||
| |flag_p2= Flag of Russia (bordered).svg | |||
| |s1 = Estonia | |||
| |flag_s1 = Flag of Estonia (bordered).svg | |||
| |image_flag = Eestimaa värvid.svg | |||
| |image_coat = The Principality of Estland.jpg | |||
| |image_map = Rzeczpospolita 1920.png | |||
| |image_map_caption = Estland was located approximately on the later territory of ] (above, green), declared ], ]. | |||
| |capital = ] | |||
| |political_subdiv= | |||
| }} | |||
| '''Estonia''' (also ''Estland'', {{lang-et|Eestimaa}}, ]: ''Ehstland'', {{lang-ru|Эстляндия}}) as an unified and separate political entity first emerged as a result of the ]. For most of its history, Estonia was divided between two states or provinces. The ] in the north corresponded to the historic ] ''(Eestimaa)''. Most Estonians however lived in ].<ref>]</ref> After the ] of 1917, the Reval Governorate was extended on ] (] ]) to include the native Estonian areas of northern Livonia. The ] also granted national autonomy to Estonia. | |||
| Elections for a provisional parliament, '']'' was organized, with the ] and ] fractions of the ] becoming the largest parties. On ], ], two days before the ] in ], Estonian Bolshevik leader ] led his ] insurgents to a coup in ], then the capital of Estland, and took political power in governate from governor ] at ]. On ] (November 15) 1917 the Menshevik dominated ''Maapäev'', refusing to recognize the new Bolshevik rule, proclaimed itself the supreme legal authority of Estonia. It was soon however disbanded by the the Bolsheviks. In 1918, elections for a ] were arranged, anti-Bolshevik parties again winning the majority. | |||
| In February, after the collapse of the peace talks between Soviet Russia and the ], mainland Estonia was occupied by the Germans. Bolshevik forces retreated to Russia. On ] ], one day before German forces entered Tallinn, the Elders of the ''Maapäev'' emerged from underground and made a formal declaration of independence of the ]. Although it took nearly 9 months for Estonia to be liberated from German occupation, this date is still celebrated as Estonia's independence day. | |||
| == See also == | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| == References == | |||
| {{reflist}} | |||
| == External links == | |||
| <!-- * --> | |||
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| ⚫ | ] | ||
Revision as of 19:32, 27 May 2007
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