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| {{Infobox Celebrity | |||
| | name = Stephen Robert Irwin | |||
| | image = Steve Irwin.jpg | |||
| | caption = | |||
| | birth_date = ], ] | |||
| | birth_place = {{flagicon|AUS}} ], ], ] | |||
| | death_date = ], ] (age 44) | |||
| | death_place = {{flagicon|Australia}} ], ], ] | |||
| | occupation = ], ], ], <br>] | |||
| | spouse = ] | |||
| | children = ] and <br>Robert (Bob) Clarence Irwin | |||
| | website = | |||
| }} | |||
| '''Stephen Robert "Steve" Irwin''' (], ] – ], ]), nicknamed "'''The Crocodile Hunter'''", was an ]n wildlife expert and television personality. He achieved world-wide fame from the television program '']'', an internationally broadcast ] series co-hosted with his wife ]. Together with her, he also co-owned and operated ], founded by his parents in ], ]. | |||
| ==Early years== | |||
| Born on his mother's birthday<ref name="larry_king_transcript" /> to Lyn and ] in ], a ] of ], ], Irwin moved with his parents as a child to Queensland in 1970. Irwin described his father as a wildlife expert interested in ] whilst his mother Lyn was a ] rehabilitator. After moving to Queensland, Bob and Lyn Irwin started the small Queensland Reptile and Fauna Park, where Steve grew up around ]s and other ]s. | |||
| Irwin became involved with the park in a number of ways, including taking part in daily animal feeding, as well as care and maintenance activities. On his sixth birthday he was given a 12-foot ]. He began handling crocodiles at the age of nine after his father had educated him on reptiles from an early age.<ref>{{cite web | title = Biography: Steve Irwin | url = http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,20350280-601,00.html | work = ] | publisher = News Limited | date = ] ] | accessdate = 2006-09-04}}</ref> Also at age nine he wrestled his first crocodile, again under his father's supervision.<ref>{{cite journal | last = Wulff | first = Jennifer | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Wild by Nature. (STEVE IRWIN 1962-2006) | journal = People Weekly | volume = 66 | issue = 12 | pages = 60 | publisher = Time, Inc |date=], ] | url = | doi = | id = | accessdate = }}</ref> He graduated from Caloundra State High School in 1979. He soon moved to Northern Queensland, where he became a crocodile ], removing crocodiles from populated areas where they were considered a danger. He performed the service for free with the '']'' that he be allowed to keep them for the park. Irwin followed in his father's footsteps, becoming a volunteer for the Queensland Government's East Coast Crocodile Management program. | |||
| ==Career== | |||
| ===Rise to fame=== | |||
| ].]] | |||
| {{wiktionary|crikey}} | |||
| The park was a family run business, until it was turned over to Irwin. He took over the running of the park, now called Australia Zoo (renaming it in 1992). Also that year, he appeared in a one-off reptile and wildlife special for television. In 1991, he met Terri Raines at the park, whilst performing a demonstration. The two married in June 1992, in Eugene, ]. The footage, shot by ], of their crocodile-trapping ] became the first episode of ''The Crocodile Hunter''. The series debuted on Australian TV screens in 1996, and by the following year had made its way onto North American television. ''The Crocodile Hunter'' became successful in the United States and also, after repackaging by Partridge Films for ITV, in the UK.<ref>Platt, R: "A Natural Presenter at One With Nature" The Guardian. ] ]</ref>In 1998, he continued, working with producer and director ], to present ''The Ten Deadliest Snakes in the World''. By 1999, he had become very popular in the United States, making his first appearance on '']''. By this time, ''the Crocodile Hunter'' series was now broadcast in over 137 countries, reaching 500 million people. His exuberant and enthusiastic presenting style, broad ], signature ] shorts, and ] "Crikey!" became known worldwide.<ref>{{cite web | first = Sandra | last = Lee | title = Wild Thing | url = http://www.usaweekend.com/00_issues/000618/000618croc_hunter.html | publisher = ] | date = ] ] | accessdate = 2006-09-04 }}</ref> Sir ] praised Irwin for introducing many to the natural world, saying "He taught them how wonderful and exciting it was, he was a born communicator."<ref name="Communicator">{{cite news | title = Terri Irwin presents award to Attenborough | work = The Australian | publisher = News.com.au | date = ] | url = http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,20687207-5006786,00.html | accessdate = 2006-11-03 }}</ref> | |||
| Under Irwin's leadership, the operations grew to include the zoo, the television series, the Steve Irwin Conservation Foundation (renamed ]), and the International Crocodile Rescue. Improvements to the Australia Zoo include the Animal Planet Crocoseum, the rainforest aviary and Tiger Temple. Irwin mentioned that he was considering opening an Australia Zoo in ], ], and possibly at other sites around the world.<ref name="larry_king_transcript">{{cite web|url=http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0411/25/lkl.01.html |title=LARRY KING LIVE Interview With Steve Irwin |accessmonthday= ]|accessyear=] |last=King |first=Larry |authorlink=Larry King |coauthors=Irwin, Steve |date=] |work=CNN |publisher=Cable News Network LP, LLLP}}</ref> | |||
| ===Film=== | |||
| ]''.]] | |||
| In 2001, Irwin appeared in a ] in the ] film '']''. Irwin's only starring feature film role was in 2002's '']'', which was released to mixed reviews. In the film Irwin (who portrayed himself and performed numerous stunts) mistakes some ] agents for poachers. He sets out to stop them from capturing a crocodile, which, unknown to him, has actually swallowed a ]. The film won the Best Family Feature Film award for a comedy film at the ]. The film was produced on a budget of about $12 million, and has grossed ]33 million.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=crocodilehunter.htm |title=The Crocodile Hunter:Collision Course |work=] |publisher=Box Office Mojo, LLC}}</ref> To promote the film, Irwin was featured in an animated short produced by ] for Intermix.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.animaxent.com/crocodile_hunter| publisher=Animax| title=The Crocodile Hunter| accessdate=2006-09-10}}</ref> | |||
| In 2002, the Irwins appeared in the ] video/DVD release '']'', which was set in Irwin's Australia Zoo. It featured Irwin-themed songs written and performed by the Wiggles such as "Crocodile Hunter", "Australia Zoo", "Snakes (You can look but you better not touch)" and "We're The Crocodile Band". Irwin was featured prominently on the cover and throughout the movie. | |||
| In 2003, Irwin was reportedly in line to host a ] on Australian network television, a series that never went into production.{{Fact|date=February 2007}} | |||
| In 2006, Irwin provided his voice for the 2006 ] film '']'', as an ] named Trev. The film was dedicated to Irwin, as he died during post-production.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0366548/trivia | title=Trivia for Happy Feet (2006) | publisher=] | accessdate=2006-11-26}}</ref> | |||
| ===Animal Planet and later projects=== | |||
| ]]] | |||
| ] ended ''The Crocodile Hunter'' with a series finale entitled "Steve's Last Adventure." The last Crocodile Hunter documentary spanned three hours with footage of Irwin's across-the-world adventure in locations including the ], the ], ], and the ]. Irwin went on to star in other Animal Planet documentaries, including ''The ]'', '']'', and ''New Breed Vets''. | |||
| As a part of the United States' "Australia Week" celebrations in January 2006, Irwin appeared at the ], ] in ], ]. During an interview on ''The Tonight Show with Jay Leno'', Irwin announced that ] would be developing a show for his daughter, ].<ref>''The Tonight Show with Jay Leno'', ] ].</ref> The show, ''Jungle Girl'', was tipped to be similar to ] movies, with songs that surround a story. A feature-length episode of Australian kids TV show '']'' entitled "Wiggly Safari" appears dedicated to Irwin, and he's featured in it heavily with his wife and daughter. The show includes the song "Crocodile Hunter, Big Steve Irwin". | |||
| In 2006, the American network ] had begun to show a series of specials starring Irwin and his family as they travelled on cross-country tours. | |||
| ===Media work=== | |||
| ] | |||
| Irwin was also involved in several media campaigns. He enthusiastically joined with the ] to promote Australia's strict ]/] requirements, with advertisements and posters featuring slogans such as, "Quarantine Matters! Don't muck with it". His payments for these advertising campaigns were directed into his wildlife fund.<ref name=Willis>{{cite web | url = http://www.abc.net.au/pm/content/2003/s982212.htm | title = PM - Steve Irwin defends quarantine ad | accessmonthday = ] | accessyear = 2006 | author = Willis, Louise | coauthors = Irwin, Steve; Colvin, Mark | date = ] | work = | publisher = ] }}</ref> | |||
| In 2004, he was appointed ambassador for ], the passenger train running from ] to ] in the central Australian outback, when the line was extended all the way to ] on the northern coast that year. For some time he was sponsored by ].<ref>: Crikey! Steve Irwin loves his Toyotas! </ref> | |||
| He was also a keen promoter for Australian tourism in general and Queensland tourism in particular. In 2002 the Australia Zoo was voted Queensland's top tourist attraction.<ref name=Murdoch>{{cite news | first = Anna | last = King Murdoch |title = He's smart, by crikey | url = http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/06/09/1055010919523.html | work = The Age | publisher = The Age Company Ltd | date = ] ] | accessdate = 2006-09-04 }}</ref> His immense popularity in the United States meant he often promoted Australia as a tourist destination there.<ref name=Elliot>{{cite news | first = Geoff | last = Elliot | title = Keep it simple, mate | work = ] | publisher = News Limited | date = ] ] }}</ref> | |||
| ===Honours=== | |||
| In 2001, Irwin was awarded the ] for his "service to global conservation and to Australian tourism".<ref></ref> In 2004, he was recognised as Tourism Export of the Year.<ref>, copy of ] article, originally published ] ].</ref> | |||
| He was also nominated in 2004 for ], an honour which was won by ]. Doubts were cast over his nomination when the "baby Bob" incident, in which Steve fed a crocodile whilst holding his infant son, occurred in January of that year.<ref>{{cite news |title = Irwin defends stunt |url = http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/01/05/1073267964997.html |publisher = Sydney Morning Herald |date = ] |accessdate = 2006-09-04}}</ref> Shortly before his death, he was to be named an adjunct professor at the ]'s School of Integrative Biology.<ref> {{cite news| url=http://www.news.com.au/story/0,23599,20445606-1702,00.html|publisher=NEWS.com.au| | |||
| date=]|title=Irwin was set to be academic|accessdate=2006-09-20}}</ref>. In May 2007, the Rwandan Government announced that it would name a baby gorilla after Steve Irwin as a tribute to his work in wildlife conservation<ref>{{cite news | first= | last= | coauthors= | title=Rwanda to name baby gorilla after Steve Irwin | date=May 8, 2007 | publisher= | url =http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200705/s1916030.htm | work =ABC Online | pages = | accessdate = 2007-05-07 | language = }}</ref>. | |||
| A crocodile research centre in Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary was named by the Kerala government after late Steve Irwin.<ref>{{cite news | first= | last= | coauthors= | title=Kerala crocodile park named after Irwin | date=May 8, 2007 | publisher= | url =http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?id=NEWEN20070012165 | work =NDTV | pages = | accessdate = 2007-05-07 | language = }}</ref>. | |||
| ===Environmentalism=== | |||
| {{seealso|Wildlife Warriors}} | |||
| Irwin was a passionate ] and believed in promoting ] by sharing his excitement about the natural world rather than preaching to people. He was concerned with conservation of ] and ] leading to loss of habitat. He considered conservation to be the most important part of his work: "I consider myself a wildlife warrior. My mission is to save the world's endangered species."<ref name=Murdoch/> Irwin bought "large tracts of land" in ], ], ] and the ], which he described as "like ]s" and stressed the importance of people realising that they could each make a difference.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.abc.net.au/tv/enoughrope/transcripts/s960998.htm | title = ENOUGH ROPE with Andrew Denton - episode 30: Steve Irwin | accessmonthday = ] | accessyear= ]|author=Denton, Andrew |authorlink=Andrew Denton | coauthors = Irwin, Steve | date= ] |work= | publisher = ] }}</ref> | |||
| He had urged people to take part in considerate tourism and not support illegal ] through the purchase of items such as turtle shells or ].<ref name="SharkFinSoup">{{cite web |url = http://www.thefirstpost.co.uk/index.php?menuID=2&subID=883&p=3 | publisher = The First Post | title = Death of the crocodile hunter |date=] ] | accessdate=2006-09-10}}</ref> | |||
| He founded the Steve Irwin Conservation Foundation, which was later renamed Wildlife Warriors Worldwide, and became an independent ]. He was described after his death by the ] of ] Queensland as a "modern-day ]", and ] naturalist ] lauded his skills as a ] and media performer.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://today.reuters.com/News/CrisesArticle.aspx?storyId=SP68982 | title = Australia stunned by death of "modern-day Noah" | accessmonthday = ] | accessyear = 2006 | last = Tait | first = Paul | date = ] | work = Reuters.com | publisher = Reuters }}</ref> Irwin and his father discovered a new species of turtle that now bears his name, '']'' — Irwin's Turtle — a species of turtle found on the coast of Queensland.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.deh.gov.au/cgi-bin/abrs/fauna/details.pl?pstrVol=REPTILIA;pstrTaxa=3312;pstrChecklistMode=1 | title = Elseya irwini | accessmonthday = ] | accessyear = ] | work = Australian Faunal Directory | publisher = Department of the Environment and Heritage, Commonwealth of Australia }}</ref> | |||
| He also helped to found a number of other projects, such as the International Crocodile Rescue, as well as the Lyn Irwin Memorial Fund, in memory of his mother (who was in a fatal car crash in 2000), with proceeds going to the Iron Bark Station Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre. | |||
| Irwin, however, was criticised for having an unsophisticated view of ] that seemed more linked to tourism than to the problems Australia faces as a ]. | |||
| In response to questions of Australia's problems with ], ], and ], Irwin responded, "Cows have been on our land for so long that Australia has evolved to handle those big animals." The Sydney Morning Herald concluded with the opinion that his message was confusing and amounted to "eating roos and crocs is bad for tourism, and therefore more cruel than eating other animals".<ref>{{cite news | first = Frank | last = Robson | author = | url = http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2006/09/04/1157222053963.html?page=fullpage#contentSwap3 | title = Crikey, it's raw Stevo! | work = Good Weekend | publisher = Sydney Morning Herald | date = First published April 2002, republished ] | accessdate = 2006-09-05 }}</ref> | |||
| According to Terri, ] was an inspiration to Irwin. When presenting a ] to Attenborough at the British ] on ], ] she said "If there's one person who directly inspired my husband it's the person being honoured tonight." She went on to say " real, true love was conservation - and the influence of tonight's recipient in preserving the natural world has been immense."<ref name="Inspiration">{{cite news | title = Wildlife legend honoured | work = ITN News | publisher = ITN | date = ] | url = http://www.itn.co.uk/news/entertainment_6bf41e7a55ac3b005e7946fe9fb592da.html | accessdate = 2006-11-01 }}</ref> Sir David reciprocated with praising Irwin for introducing many to the natural world, saying "He taught them how wonderful and exciting it was, he was a born communicator."<ref name="Communicator">{{cite news | title = Terri Irwin presents award to Attenborough | work = The Australian | publisher = News.com.au | date = ] | url = http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,20687207-5006786,00.html | accessdate = 2006-11-03 }}</ref> | |||
| ==Filmography== | |||
| *] (]) | |||
| *] (]) | |||
| *] (cameo) (]) | |||
| ==Personal life== | |||
| <!--], Bob, Steve, and Bindi.]] comment out image with uncertain copyright status--> | |||
| ===Family=== | |||
| In 1992, Irwin married Terri Raines from ], ], ]. The pair had met a few months earlier when Terri had visited the zoo on a holiday; according to both of them, it was love at first sight. Terri said at the time, "I thought there was no one like this anywhere in the world. He sounded like an environmental Tarzan, a larger-than-life superhero guy."<ref name=Who.com>{{cite web | url = http://www.who.com/who/scoop/article/0,19971,1531530,00.html | title = Reptile Romance | accessmonthday = ] | accessyear = ] | date = ] | work = Who Magazine | publisher = Time Inc }}</ref> Together they had two children: a daughter, ] (born ], ]), and a son, Robert Clarence "Bob" (named after Irwin's father) Irwin (born ], ]). Bindi Sue is jointly named after two of Steve Irwin's favourite animals: Bindi, a ], and Sui, a ] who died in June 2004. | |||
| Irwin was as enthusiastic about his family as he was about his work. He once described his daughter Bindi as "the reason was put on the Earth." His wife once said, "The only thing that could ever keep him away from the animals he loves are the people he loves even more."<ref name="larry_king_transcript"/> | |||
| ===Controversies=== | |||
| A controversial incident occurred during a public show on ], ], when Irwin carried his one-month-old son, Bob, in his arm whilst hand-feeding a chicken carcass to Murray, a 3.8-metre (12.5-foot) saltwater crocodile. The infant was close to the crocodile, and comparisons were made in the press to ]'s dangling his son outside a German hotel window.<ref name="babydangling">{{cite news | |||
| | title = It's like a part of Australia has died | |||
| | author = Patrick Barkham | |||
| | url = http://www.guardian.co.uk/australia/story/0,,1865085,00.html | |||
| | publisher = Guardian Unlimited | |||
| | date = ] | |||
| | accessdate = 2006-09-05}}</ref> In addition, child welfare groups, ] groups, and some of Irwin's television viewers criticised his actions as irresponsible and tantamount to ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/3364733.stm |title=Inquiry into croc baby stunt |accessmonthday=] |accessyear=2006 ||date=] |work=bbc.co.uk |publisher=]}}</ref> Irwin apologised on the US NBC Today Show.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0,22049,20349993-5001021,00.html | title = Irwin's Death was Filmed | first = Luke | last = McIlveen | publisher = ] | date = ] |accessdate = 2007-02-09}}{{cite news | url = http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,20353205-601,00.html | title = Obituary: Committed to lore of nature | first = Peter | last = Lalor | publisher = ] | date = ] |accessdate = 2007-02-09}}</ref> Both he and his wife publicly stated that Irwin was in complete control of the situation, as he had dealt with crocodiles since he was a small child, and based on his lifetime of experience neither he nor his son were in any danger. He also showed footage of the event shot from a different angle, demonstrating that they were much further from the crocodile than they had appeared in the publicised clip.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/01/15/1073877890197.html| title = TV's mixed messages| first = Jim | last = Schembri | publisher = ] | date = ] |accessdate = 2007-01-31}}</ref> Terri Irwin claimed their child was in no more danger than one being taught to swim. No charges were filed; according to one journalist, Irwin told officials he would not repeat the action.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/01/04/1073151212433.html | title = Croc hunter ducks for cover | first = Claire | last = O'Rourke | publisher = ] | date = ] |accessdate = 2006-09-04}}</ref> The incident prompted the Queensland government to change its crocodile-handling laws, banning children and untrained adults from entering crocodile enclosures.<ref>{{cite news |first = |last = |author = |coauthors = |title = Steve Irwin baby concerns prompt law change |url = http://www.smh.com.au/news/National/Steve-Irwin-baby-concerns-prompt-law-change/2005/02/23/1109046983142.html |format = |work = |publisher = Sydney Morning Herald |pages = |page = |date = ] |accessdate = 2006-09-04 |language = }}</ref> | |||
| In June 2004, allegations were made that he disturbed wildlife (namely ], ] and ]s) whilst filming a documentary, '']'', in ]. The matter was subsequently closed without charges being filed.<ref name="ice_breaker">{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3896685.stm | title = Irwin cleared after Penguin Probe | publisher = ] | date = ] |accessdate = 2006-09-04}}</ref> | |||
| ] released a "Crocodile Hunter" special called "Confessions of the Crocodile Hunter" which attempted to explain some of the incidents. This special argues that Irwin's son was never in danger of being harmed by the crocodile, and that Irwin was no threat to the animals in Antarctica. | |||
| ===Politics=== | |||
| After questions arose about Irwin being paid $175,000 worth of taxpayers' money to appear in a television advertisement and his possible political ties. Irwin told ] that he was a conservationist, and did not choose sides in politics. | |||
| His comments describing Australian Prime Minister ] as the "greatest leader in the world" earned him scorn in the media.<ref>{{cite news | first =Miranda | last =Devine | title =Crikey! Praise for PM puts you in a snake pit | url =http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/11/08/1068243301741.html | work =The Sun-Herald | publisher =The Sydney Morning Herald | date = ] 2003| accessdate =2006-09-05}}</ref> | |||
| ===Search and rescue effort in Mexico=== | |||
| In November 2003, Irwin was filming a documentary on ]s off the coast of ]'s ] when he heard via his boat's radio that two ]s were reported missing in the area. Irwin and his entire crew suspended operations to aid in the search. His team's divers searched with the rescue divers, and Irwin used his vessel to patrol the waters around the island where the incident occurred, as well as using his satellite communications system to call in a rescue plane. On the second day of the search, ]s found one of the divers, Scott Jones, perched on a narrow rock ledge jutting out from the side of a cliff. Irwin and a crewmember escorted him to Irwin's boat. Jones did not recognise his celebrity rescuer, as he had never seen Irwin on television. The other lost diver, Katie Vrooman, was found dead by a search plane later the same day not far from Jones' location.<ref> by Thomas Geyer</ref> | |||
| ===Sports fan=== | |||
| Having grown up in Essendon, Irwin was a fan of the ], an ] club in the ].<ref Name=times> The Times Online ] ]. URL accessed on ] ]</ref> Irwin took part in an Australian Rules football promotion in Los Angeles as part of "Australia Week" in early 2006.<ref>. URL accessed on ] ]</ref> After his death, a picture of Irwin wearing a Bombers Guernsey was shown by ] in their Bottom 10 ranking of the worst ] ] teams after Week 1 of the season in tribute to him.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://sports.espn.go.com/ncf/news/story?id=2573548 | title = The Bottom 10: Have a look at this beauty | firstname = David | lastname = Duffey | publisher = ESPN.com | date = ] | accessdate = 2006-09-11 }}</ref> | |||
| Living in Queensland most of his life, Irwin was also a fan of ]. As a teenager, he played for the Caloundra Sharks as a second-rower,<ref>. URL accessed on ] ]</ref> and as an adult he was known to be a passionate ] fan and was involved with the club on several occasions. On one occasion after turning up to training he asked if he could tackle the largest player, ]. Despite being thrown to the ground and looking like he'd been crushed he was jovial about the experience. Irwin laughingly shared the experience with the ] ] squad before the 2006 series.<ref>. URL accessed on ] ]</ref> Irwin also supported ], being a fan of the national team, the ]. He once wore Wallaby jersey during a demonstration at the zoo. A behind-the-scenes episode of ''The Crocodile Hunter'' showed Irwin and the crew finding a gas station in a remote part of ] to watch the Wallabies defeat ] in the ] Final. Irwin was also a talented surfer.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.sunshinecoastdaily.com.au/localnews/storydisplay.cfm?storyid=3699961&thesection=localnews&thesubsection=&thesecondsubsection | title = Surfers invited to pay tribute | date = 2006-09-06 | accessdate = 2006-11-07}}</ref> | |||
| ===Other personal trivia=== | |||
| {{Trivia small}} | |||
| * Irwin was particularly interested in ], which he considered a sister institution of the ].<ref>{{cite web | title = Singapore Sling! | work = International Crocodile Rescue | url = http://www.crocodilerescue.com/singapore.html | accessdate = 16 March | accessyear = 2006 }}</ref> | |||
| * Irwin loved ] competitions and trained with Greg Jackson in the fighting/grappling system of ].<ref> www.jacksons.tv. Retrieved ] ].</ref> | |||
| * Irwin said on an interview for the ] that he would only stop his wildlife conservation efforts when his children took over the operation, just as Irwin had his father's center. | |||
| * In 2004, during an interview with ], he admitted that he had a fear of ]s, having received many painful bites from the animals in the past.<ref name="larry_king_transcript"/> | |||
| * In 2005, in an interview for '']'', he stated that he was afraid of being killed in a car crash.<ref name="car crash">{{cite web | title = Irwin feared fast cars more than animals | url = http://news.ninemsn.com.au/article.aspx?id=141770 | accessdate = 10 September | accessyear = 2006 }}</ref> | |||
| * Terri Irwin has stated in an interview that Irwin believed in God.<ref>{{cite news|title=Interview|work=], date=]|publisher=]}}</ref> However, claims that he had joined a church a short time before his death appear to be ].<ref>{{cite news |first = Linda |last = Morris |title = Christians fed to lyings: Irwin no convert |url = http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2006/09/21/1158431843995.html?from=top5 |work = ] |publisher = ] | |||
| |date = ] |accessdate = 2006-09-22}}</ref> | |||
| * Irwin was an avid fan of ] and was teaching his daughter Bindi Sue how to surf. | |||
| * He was a keen supporter of ] club ]. | |||
| * Irwin had been accepted by the University of Queensland to become an honorary professor, but was not told of this prior to his death{{Fact|date=April 2007}}. | |||
| ==Death== | |||
| {{wikinewsart|Crocodile Hunter's Steve Irwin dies at 44}} | |||
| On ], ], Irwin was fatally pierced in the ] by a ] spine whilst ] at the ], at ], which is located off the coast of ] in ]. Irwin was in the area filming his own ], '']'', but weather had stalled filming. Irwin decided to take the opportunity to film some shallow water shots for a segment in the television program his daughter Bindi was hosting,<ref name="theage">{{cite news | title = Croc Hunter Irwin killed by stingray | publisher = THE AGE | date = ] ] | url = http://www.theage.com.au/news/National/Croc-Hunter-Steve-Irwin-died-instantly/2006/09/04/1157222051588.html | accessdate = 2006-09-04}}</ref> when, according to his friend and colleague, ], he swam too close to one of the stingrays. "He came on top of the stingray and the stingray's barb went up and into his chest and put a hole into his ]," said Stainton, who was on board Irwin's boat the ''Croc One''. | |||
| The events were caught on camera, and a copy of the footage was handed to the ].<ref name="AustNews">{{cite news | first = Ian | last = Gerard | coauthors = and Koch, Tony | title = Steve Irwin's freak death filmed | url = http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,20355112-601,00.html | publisher = The Australian | date = ] ] | accessdate = 2006-09-04}}</ref> After reviewing the footage of the incident and speaking to the cameraman who recorded it, marine documentary filmmaker and former spearfisherman ] speculated that the stingray "felt threatened because Steve was alongside and there was the cameraman ahead." In such a case, the stingray responds to danger by automatically flexing the serrated spine on its tail (which can measure up to 25 cm or about 10 inches in length) in an upward motion. | |||
| Cropp said Irwin had accidentally boxed in the animal. "It stopped and twisted and threw up its tail with the spike, and it caught him in the chest. It's a defensive thing. It's like being stabbed with a dirty dagger." The stinging of Irwin by the ] was "a one-in-a-million thing," Cropp told '']'' magazine. "I have swum with many rays, and I have only had one do that to me..."<ref name="timemagazine">{{cite web | title = Death of a Crocodile Hunter | url = http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1531446,00.html | author = Rory Callinan | publisher = ] | date = ] ] | accessdate=2006-09-04 }}</ref> | |||
| ] described the video to the media, stating, "Steve came over the top of the ray and the tail came up, and spiked him here , and he pulled it out and the next minute he's gone."<ref name="AustNews"/> It is thought, in the absence of a ]'s report, that a combination of the toxins and the puncture wound from the spine caused Irwin to die of ], with most damage being inflicted by tears to arteries or other main blood vessels.<ref>{{cite news | title = Serrated knife-like barb, not toxins, the likely killer | url = http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2006/09/04/1157222072726.html | author = Richard Macey | date = ] | publisher = Sydney Morning Herald | accessdate = 2006-09-05}}</ref> A similar incident in ] a month later in which a man survived a stingray barb through the ] showed that Irwin may have caused his own death by removing the barb.<ref>{{cite web|last= |first=|authorlink= |coauthors= | date=] | url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/world/leaving-stingray-barb-in-saved-him/2006/10/20/1160851103853.html |title=Irwin might have survived: surgeon |format= |work= |pages= |publisher=Sydney Morning Herald | language= |accessdate=2006-10-20 }}</ref> The coroner's report has not yet been released. | |||
| Crew members aboard his boat called the emergency services in the nearest city of ] and administered ] as they rushed the boat to the nearby Low Islets to meet a rescue helicopter. Medical staff pronounced Irwin dead when they arrived a short time later.<ref name="theage" /> According to Dr Ed O'Loughlin, who treated Irwin, "it became clear fairly soon that he had non-survivable injuries. He had a penetrating injury to the left front of his chest. He had lost his pulse and wasn't breathing."<ref>{{cite news | title = Stingray Kills 'Crocodile Hunter' | publisher = AOL News | date = ] ] | url = http://articles.news.aol.com/entertainment/_a/stingray-kills-crocodile-hunter/20060904005509990001?ncid=NWS00010000000001 | accessdate = 2006-09-04}}</ref> | |||
| ] | |||
| Irwin's body was flown to a morgue in Cairns. His wife, Terri Irwin, was on a walking tour in ] in ] at the time, and returned via a private plane from ] to the ] with their two children.<ref name="theage" /> | |||
| Fatalities due to stingrays are infrequent and occurrences are not consistently collated.<ref>{{cite web | title = How Deadly Are Stingrays? | url = http://www.slate.com/id/2148992 | publisher = Washington Post Company | work = Slate | date = ] ] | accessdate = 2006-09-15 }}</ref> The attack on Irwin is believed to be the only fatality from a stingray ever captured on film.<ref>{{cite web | title = Stingray Deaths Rare and Agonizing | url = http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/asiapcf/09/04/australia.irwin.stingray.reut/index.html | publisher = ] | work = ] | date = ] ] | accessdate = 2006-09-04 }}</ref> | |||
| Stainton told ]'s ] " should be destroyed".<ref name="tapedestroyed">{{cite news | title = Irwin's dad: 'I lost my best mate' | publisher = ] | date = ] ] | url = http://www.cnn.com/2006/SHOWBIZ/TV/09/06/death.irwin/index.html | accessdate = 2006-09-07 }}</ref> In an ] interview with ], Irwin's wife Terri said she has not seen the film of her husband's deadly encounter with the stingray and that it would not be shown on television.<ref name="airfootage">{{cite news | title = Widow: 'Croc Hunter' thought he'd die young | publisher = ] | ] ] | url = http://www.cnn.com/2006/SHOWBIZ/09/26/irwin.terri.ap/index.html | accessdate = 2006-09-30 }}</ref> On ] ], the only video footage showing the events that led to Irwin's death was handed over to Terri, who said that the video would never become public, and noted her family has not seen the video either.<ref name="vidhandover">{{cite news | title = Steve Irwin death film given to wife | publisher = Yahoo! News | date = ] ] | url = http://ca.news.yahoo.com/s/reuters/entertainment_australia_irwin_col | accessdate = 2007-01-04}}</ref> In a ], ] interview with '']'', Terri said that "all footage has been destroyed."<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.upi.com/NewsTrack/view.php?StoryID=20070111-024500-6651r | title=Video of 'Croc Hunter's' death destroyed | publisher=] | date=] ] | accessdate=2007-01-12}}</ref> | |||
| Production was completed on ''Ocean's Deadliest'', which aired for the first time on the ] on ] ]. The documentary was completed with footage shot in the weeks following the accident.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.news.com.au/story/0,23599,20989738-2,00.html | title=Crocodile Hunter's final stunt with sea snake | publisher=] | date=] ] | accessdate=2007-04-15}}</ref> According to Stainton, "Anything to do with the day that he died, that film is not available."<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/20070106/steve-irwin-show.htm | title=Crocodile Hunter's Last Show Completed | publisher=International Business Times | date=] | accessdate=2007-01-06}}</ref> Perhaps to maintain the film's original purpose as a nature documentary and prevent it from becoming a documentary of Irwin's final days, his death is not mentioned in the film, aside from a still image of Irwin at the end alongside the text "In Memory of Steve Irwin". | |||
| ===Reaction=== | |||
| News of his death prompted widespread shock. ] ] expressed his "shock and distress" at the death, saying that "Australia has lost a wonderful and colourful son."<ref>{{cite news | title = Irwin brought joy to millions: PM | url = http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,20350650-5006786,00.html | publisher =] | date = ] | accessdate = 2006-09-04 }}</ref> ] ] commented in a ] television interview that Irwin "will be remembered as not just a great Queenslander, but a great Australian".<ref name="statefuneral">{{cite news | url = http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,20356038-29277,00.html | title = Irwin family offered state funeral | publisher = The Australian | date = ] | accessdate = 2006-09-04 }}</ref> Several Australian news websites went down because of high web traffic and for the first time the top 10 list of most viewed stories for ] news sites were swept by one topic.<ref name="consumes_web">{{cite web | url = http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2006/09/05/1157222114384.html?page=fullpage#contentSwap1 | title = Croc Hunter news consumes the web | publisher = theage.com.au | date = ] | accessdate= 2006-09-08}}</ref> Talk-back radio experienced a high volume of callers expressing their grief.<ref>{{cite news | first = Richard | last = Fidler | title = Tributes flow for Steve Irwin | url = http://www.abc.net.au/brisbane/stories/s1732538.htm | publisher = 612 ABC radio | date = ] | accessdate = 2006-09-04 }}</ref> Flags at the Sydney Harbour were lowered to ] in honor of Irwin.<ref>http://www.antara.co.id/en/seenws/?id=20284</ref> | |||
| The U.S. feed of the ] ] channel aired a special tribute to Steve Irwin that started on Monday, ] ]. The tribute continued with the Animal Planet channel showing highlights of Irwin's more than 200 appearances on Discovery Networks shows.<ref>'']'' </ref> | |||
| On the evening of his death, '']'' re-broadcast an interview between Irwin and ] originally broadcast in 2003. ] showed a repeat of his interview on '']'', originally recorded in 2004. The Australian ] opened on ], ] with condolence speeches by both the Prime Minister ] and the Leader of the Opposition ]. The ] aired a television memorial show as a tribute to Irwin on ] ],<ref name="yahoo7">'']'' </ref> as did the ] on ], ]. | |||
| ] delivered a tribute to Irwin, describing him as a great ambassador of Australia. Irwin appeared on Leno's talk show on more than ten occasions.<ref name="ustalk">'']'' </ref> There were also tributes on '']'' and ]' ''];'' on the former show, ] came close to tears with her praise of Irwin.<ref name="ustalk"/> | |||
| Hundreds of people visited ] to pay tribute to the deceased entertainer and conservationist. The day after his death, the volume of people visiting the zoo to pay their respects affected traffic so much that police reduced the speed limit around the Glass House Mountains Road and told motorists to expect delays.<ref name="beatie_flags_irwin_award">{{cite news | url = http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200609/s1733664.htm | title = Beattie flags Steve Irwin award, national park | publisher = ABC | date = ] | accessdate = 2006-09-07 }}</ref> ] reported on ], ] that thousands of fans have been to Australia Zoo since Irwin's death, bringing flowers, candles, stuffed animals and messages of support.<ref name=BBC060913>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/5340906.stm| title = 'Crocoseum' tribute set for Irwin | publisher = ] | date = ] | accessdate = 2006-09-13 }}</ref> | |||
| In the weeks after his death, Irwin's conservation foundation ] reported that thousands of people from around the world were offering their support via donations to the conservation group. | |||
| Since his death, fake videos have surfaced video sites like ], fooling people that the clip contains footage of Irwin's killing, despite the fact his wife clearly stated that the video was not released publicly, and has been destroyed. The video clips contain a picture of a disturbing head with an extremely loud scream, not any footage of Irwin himself. Several of these videos have since been removed from such services. | |||
| ===Criticism=== | |||
| ], vice-president of animal rights group ], said it was "no shock at all that Steve Irwin should die provoking a dangerous animal". He added that "Irwin made his career out of antagonising frightened wild animals, that's a very dangerous message to send to children." He also made a comparison with another well known conservationist: "If you compare him with a responsible conservationist like ], he looks like a cheap reality TV star."<ref>{{cite news | first = | last = AAP| title = Irwin's antics 'a danger to children' | url = http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/irwins-antics-a-danger-to-children/2006/09/13/1157826993532.html | publisher=The Age | date = ] | accessdate = 2006-09-13 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | author=Walls, Jeannette | url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/14626178/ | title=PETA sheds no crocodile tears for Steve Irwin | publisher=MSNBC | accessdate=2006-09-14}}</ref> The son of Jacques Cousteau, ], also a producer of wildlife documentaries, also took issue with Irwin's hands-on approach to nature television. Cousteau asserted, "You don't touch nature, you just look at it." Although it "goes very well on television", Irwin's approach would "interfere with nature, jump on animals, grab them, hold them, and have this very, very spectacular, dramatic way of presenting things" which Cousteau felt is "very misleading".<ref>{{cite news | first= | last= | author= | url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/world/irwin-interfered-with-nature-says-cousteau/2006/09/20/1158431752163.html | |||
| | title=Irwin interfered with nature, says Cousteau | work= | publisher=Sydney Morning Herald | date=] | accessdate=2006-09-20}}</ref> Jacques Cousteau's grandson, ], however, was himself working with Irwin on the "Ocean's Deadliest" documentary at the time of Irwin's death, and later described him as "a remarkable individual". Describing their project, he said, "I think why Steve was so excited about it that we were looking at these animals that people think of as, you know, dangerous and deadly monsters, and they're not. They all have an important place in the environment and in the world. And that was what his whole message was about."<ref>{{cite news | first= | last= | author= | url=http://www.cnn.com/2006/SHOWBIZ/TV/09/06/cnna.cousteau/index.html | |||
| | title=Cousteau: Irwin a 'remarkable individual' | work= | publisher=CNN | date=] | accessdate=2006-10-22}}</ref> | |||
| ===Backlash against stingrays=== | |||
| In the weeks following Irwin's death, at least ten stingrays were found dead and mutilated, with their tails cut off, on the beaches of ], prompting speculation that they had been killed by fans of Irwin as an act of revenge. Michael Hornby, a friend of the late naturalist and executive director of Irwin's Wildlife Warrior fund, condemned any revenge killings. | |||
| "We just want to make it very clear that we will not accept and not stand for anyone who's taken a form of retribution. That's the last thing Steve would want," he said.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/5338118.stm | title = Irwin fans 'in revenge attacks' | publisher = BBC | date = ] | accessdate = 2006-09-12 }}</ref> | |||
| ==Funeral and memorials== | |||
| ] ] extended the offer of a ] to Irwin's family, an honour also agreed to by ] John Howard. The family decided that such a funeral wouldn't be appropriate, a sentiment echoed by many Australians outside media and political circles. Steve Irwin's father, ], stated that his son would not have wanted such an honour, and would want to be remembered as an "]".<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/father-rejects-state-funeral-for-ordinary-bloke-son/2006/09/06/1157222201277.html | title = Father rejects state funeral for 'ordinary bloke' son | publisher = The Age | date = ] | accessdate = 2006-09-07}}</ref> Beattie stated he would honour the decision of the Irwin family regarding their arrangements. Irwin was farewelled by family and friends at a private ] service held at ] on the afternoon of ].<ref>{{cite news | first = Lou | last = Robson | title = Family says private farewell | url = http://www.news.com.au/sundaymail/story/0,23739,20383870-3102,00.html | publisher= The Sunday Mail | date = ] | accessdate = 2006-09-10 }}</ref>The naturalist was buried in a private ceremony at the zoo on the same day.<ref name=BBC060913>{{cite news |title = 'Crocoseum' tribute set for Irwin | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/5340906.stm | publisher= ] | date = ] | accessdate = 2006-09-13 }}</ref> | |||
| ===Memorial service=== | |||
| A public service was held at the 5,500-seat Animal Planet Crocoseum at ] on Wednesday morning ], ]. The service was broadcast live, commercial free, in the eastern states of Australia, by free-to-air channels ], ] and the ] in Australia, as well as live on subscription channel ]. In addition, it was broadcast live around the world, particularly the United States, where the service was broadcast commercial free on ], as well as to Asia and Germany. A ] camera crew was also sent especially to Australia to cover the memorial service for the ]. It is estimated that over 300 million viewers worldwide watched the service.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.ecanadanow.com/world/2006/09/19/300-million-people-to-watch-steve-irwin-memorial/| title = 300 Million People To Watch Steve Irwin Memorial | publisher = ecanadanow.com | date = ] | accessdate = 2006-09-13 }}</ref>. The memorial was also rebroadcast on Animal Planet on ], ] as part of their ] celebration, and again the following day. | |||
| ]]] | |||
| Messages from around the world came from people including ], ], ], ], ] and ]. Costner called him a "fearless" man who was brave enough to let people see him as he was.<ref name="cnn_mourning">{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2006/SHOWBIZ/TV/09/19/crocodile.hunter.service/index.html| | |||
| title= Thousands mourn 'Crocodile Hunter'|publisher=CNN|date=]|accessdate=2006-09-20}}</ref> | |||
| The Prime Minister John Howard made an early speech at the service, as did Irwin's father Bob and his daughter ]. | |||
| ] and ] also made speeches and ] read a poem.<ref name="cnn_mourning"/> ] from ] partly hosted the service, often sharing the screen with various animals, from koalas to elephants, and Australian music star ] sang '']'', which was Irwin's favourite song. Professor Craig Franklin of the ] told the crowd that the university was about to make Irwin an ] for his contributions to the study of crocodiles.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.news.com.au/heraldsun/story/0,21985,20444641-5005961,00.html| title = Don't grieve for Irwin: Father | publisher = Herald Sun | date = ] | accessdate = 2006-09-13 }}</ref> In a symbolic finish to the service, Irwin's truck was loaded up with gear and driven out of the arena for the last time as Williamson sang. | |||
| In a final tribute, Australia Zoo staff spelled out Irwin's catchphrase "Crikey" in yellow flowers as Irwin's truck was driven from the "Crocoseum" for the last time to end the service. Flags on the ] flew at ] on the day of the memorial service. | |||
| ===Other Australian memorials=== | |||
| * Several permanent memorials for Irwin have already been considered or announced. Premier Peter Beattie suggested a national park be named after Irwin or a permanent memorial might be constructed in his honour, though the details of the structure would depend on Irwin's family.<ref name="beatie_flags_irwin_award"/> | |||
| * On ], ], Glasshouse Mountains Road, the road that runs by Steve and Terri Irwin's Australia Zoo, was officially renamed to "Steve Irwin Way".<ref> {Retrieved ] ]) </ref> | |||
| ===American memorials=== | |||
| * Animal Planet will rename the garden in front of Discovery's world headquarters in ], ], ], ], to the "Steve Irwin Memorial Garden".<ref name="discovery_mourns" /> | |||
| * Animal Planet is also creating the Steve Irwin Crocodile Hunter Fund called the "The Crikey Fund" to "provide a way for people from across the globe to make contributions in Irwin's honor to support wildlife protection, education and conservation".<ref name="discovery_mourns" /> | |||
| * Animal Planet ran a '']'' marathon on air to pay tribute to Irwin. | |||
| *There is presently a resolution under consideration in the ] to make ], ] Steve Irwin Day in honor of what would have been his 45th birthday.<ref></ref> <!--and...? What happened?--> | |||
| ===Indian memorial=== | |||
| * A crocodile research centre in Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary was named by the Kerala government after Steve Irwin. | |||
| The state's forest and wildlife department is perhaps the first government body in the world to name a memorial after Irwin, whose documentaries on wildlife and reptiles endeared him to thousands of viewers. The centre is now called the Steve Irwin Crocodile Rehabilitation and Research Centre. | |||
| ===Controversial memorials=== | |||
| During the 2006 ] season, a number of Americans, including television personality ], wore Steve Irwin costumes (typically consisting of khaki shorts and a matching short-sleeved shirt with a fake bloody stingray or stingray barb protruding from the chest) attached.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.stuff.co.nz/stuff/0,2106,3845822a12,00.html| title = Crikey! Irwin's a top Halloween costume | publisher = stuff.co.nz | date = ]}}</ref> The television show '']'' also depicted Irwin attending a Halloween party hosted by ] for the residents of Hell ("]"). He is reprimanded for his outfit by Satan, who (thinking that he is an ordinary partygoer dressed as Steve Irwin) admonishes him that the costume is in bad taste, and that it is too soon to be making fun of Irwin's death. When Satan realizes that the man is actually Irwin himself, he kicks him out of the party for not having a costume. | |||
| == See also == | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ], a ]n personality known as the "Snake king" who also died in 2006 from an animal attack. | |||
| * ] | |||
| ==Notes and references== | |||
| <div class="references-small" style="column-count:3;-moz-column-count:3;"> | |||
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| </div> | |||
| ==External links== | |||
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| {{wikiquote|Steve Irwin}} | |||
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| |SHORT DESCRIPTION=Australian environmentalist and television personality | |||
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Revision as of 02:54, 29 May 2007
LOL STINGRAYS!