| Revision as of 18:21, 16 May 2005 editWhitehorse1 (talk | contribs)3,870 edits Added explanation for plurality of 'L' in LL.B← Previous edit | Revision as of 18:34, 16 May 2005 edit undoWhitehorse1 (talk | contribs)3,870 editsm Added postgrad qualification (barristers) for clarificationNext edit → | ||
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| There are also one-year conversion courses available which can substitute the LL.B. (e.g. in England & Wales) | There are also one-year conversion courses available which can substitute the LL.B. (e.g. in England & Wales) | ||
| Note that this degree in itself is not sufficient to qualify to practice as a lawyer (solicitor or barrister). Besides the qualifying exams after legal training, students will have to study a postgraduate professional legal qualification degree such as the ] in England & Wales, or the ] in ]. | Note that this degree in itself is not sufficient to qualify to practice as a lawyer (solicitor or barrister). Besides the qualifying exams after legal training, students will have to study a postgraduate professional legal qualification degree such as the ] or ] in England & Wales, or the ] in ]. | ||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Revision as of 18:34, 16 May 2005
The degree of Bachelor of Laws is the principal academic degree in law in most common law countries. It is abbreviated LL.B. - LL. is abbreviation for the plural legum (of laws); thus LL.B. stands for Legum Baccalaureus in Latin. In the United States it is sometimes called "Bachelor of Legal Letters" to account for the double L. An explanation for using the plural form is rooted in history. Historically, law students used to study both ecclesiastical law and common law. Today, this is much less common. However, a few institutions such as Cardiff_University do have a Department of Canon (Ecclesiastical) Law; to this day.
After completion of this degree, graduates are generally qualified to apply for membership of the bar or law society (a test is often required and maybe an apprenticeship).
In the United States the LL.B. became a three year graduate degree taken after completion of a four-year undergraduate degree. In the United States the LL.B. has been replaced by the Juris Doctor (J.D.) degree, although the form and structure of the degree is little changed. Foreign law graduates must often study to receive an LL.M., the masters degree equivalent, before qualifying for bar admission procedures.
In most of the Commonwealth, the LL.B. remains the qualifying degree for the practice of law, though some universities award the degree of Bachelor of Civil Law (B.C.L.). In the universities of Oxford and Cambridge the principal law degree is a B.A. in Law (or "Jurisprudence" for Oxford), the B.C.L. and LL.B. (recently renamed LL.M.) being postgraduate degrees. Some universities in the United Kingdom and New Zealand offer variations of this degree, such as LL.B.(Europe), which generally take four years to complete and include a wider range of topics as well as some degree of specialisation.
There are also one-year conversion courses available which can substitute the LL.B. (e.g. in England & Wales)
Note that this degree in itself is not sufficient to qualify to practice as a lawyer (solicitor or barrister). Besides the qualifying exams after legal training, students will have to study a postgraduate professional legal qualification degree such as the LPC or BVC in England & Wales, or the PCLL in Hong Kong.