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| '''Demetrius Chalcocondyles''' or '''Demetrios Chalcocondylis''' (]–]), born in ], was a cousin of the writer ]. He was one of the most eminent Greek scholars in the West. | '''Demetrius Chalcocondyles''' or '''Demetrios Chalcocondylis''' or '''Chalcocondylas''' (]–]), born in ], was a cousin of the writer ]. He was one of the most eminent Greek scholars in the West. | ||
| He contributed also to Italian Renaissance literature. He was associated with ], ], and ], in the revival of letters in the western world. One of his pupils at Florence was the famous ]. | He contributed also to ]. He was associated with ], ], and ], in the revival of letters in the western world. One of his pupils at Florence was the famous ]. | ||
| Demetrius belonged to one of the noblest Athenian families. He was a first cousin of the chronicler of the ], ], and the last of the Greek humanists who taught Greek literature at the great universities of the Italian Renaissance (Padua, Florence, Milan). | |||
| ==Life== | ==Life== | ||
| From the ], where his Athenian family had moved after its persecution by the Florentine dukes, |
From the ], where his Athenian family had moved after its persecution by the Florentine dukes, was brought to Italy in ] by Cardinal ] in 1447 and arrived at ] in 1449, where he became the student of ] and,later gained the patronage of ], serving as a tutor to his sons. Chalcondylas spent the rest of his life as a teacher of Greek and philosophy at Perugia, Padua, Rome, Florence and Milan. In 1463 he was made professor at ] and later, in 1479 at ]'s suggestion, he took over the place of ], as the head of the Greek Literature department and was summoned by ] to ]. It was during his tenure at the Studium in Florence that Chalcondyles edited Homer for publication. He assisted ] with his Latin translation of ]. His edition of ], dedicated to Lorenzo's son Piero de' Medici, is his major accomplishment. Finally, invited by ], he moved to ] (1491/2), where he taught until he died. | ||
| Later, in 1479 at ]'s suggestion, he took over the place of ], as the head of the Greek Literature department and was summoned by ] to ]. | |||
| Finally, invited by ], he moved to ] (1491/2), where he taught until he died. | |||
| ==Work== | ==Work== | ||
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| As a scholar, Demetrius Chalcondyles published the '']'' of ], ('Ομήρου τα Σωζόμενα', Florence, 1488), ], (Milan, 1493)and the ] (Σούδα), the Byzantium lexicon (1494). | As a scholar, Demetrius Chalcondyles published the '']'' of ], ('Ομήρου τα Σωζόμενα', Florence, 1488), ], (Milan, 1493)and the ] (Σούδα), the Byzantium lexicon (1494). | ||
| *Greek Grammar, edited ] by ] in ] | |||
| *Latin translation of the ''Anatomical Procedures'' of ], edited and published in ] by ] | |||
| *], ''editio princeps'' of ]'s '']'' and '']'', ''Poiesis Hapasa'', edited by Bernardus Nerlius and Demetrius Chalcondylas, appeared in Florence, not before 13 January 1489, in two folio volumes. It was the first Greek book to be printed in Florence. The Greek type used to print the 1488-89 Homer is believed to have been cast by the Cretan Demetrius Damilas from the type that he had used to print ]’ '']'' (Milan, 1476), the first book to be printed entirely in Greek, based upon the hand of Damilas’s fellow scribe Michael Apostolis. | |||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| *{{1911}} | *{{1911}} | ||
| *Proctor, ''the Printing of Greek in the Fifteenth-Century'', pp. 66-69. | |||
| ] | ] | ||
Revision as of 23:42, 19 June 2007
Demetrius Chalcocondyles or Demetrios Chalcocondylis or Chalcocondylas (1424–1511), born in Athens, was a cousin of the writer Laonicus Chalcondyles. He was one of the most eminent Greek scholars in the West.
He contributed also to Italian Renaissance literature. He was associated with Marsilius Ficinus, Angelus Politianus, and Theodorus Gaza, in the revival of letters in the western world. One of his pupils at Florence was the famous Johann Reuchlin. Demetrius belonged to one of the noblest Athenian families. He was a first cousin of the chronicler of the fall of Constantinople, Laonikos Chalcondylas, and the last of the Greek humanists who taught Greek literature at the great universities of the Italian Renaissance (Padua, Florence, Milan).
Life
From the Peloponnisos, where his Athenian family had moved after its persecution by the Florentine dukes, was brought to Italy in 1447 by Cardinal Bessarion in 1447 and arrived at Rome in 1449, where he became the student of Theodorus Gazis and,later gained the patronage of Lorenzo de Medici, serving as a tutor to his sons. Chalcondylas spent the rest of his life as a teacher of Greek and philosophy at Perugia, Padua, Rome, Florence and Milan. In 1463 he was made professor at Padua and later, in 1479 at Francesco Philelpho's suggestion, he took over the place of Ioannis Argyropoulos, as the head of the Greek Literature department and was summoned by Lorenzo de Medici to Florence. It was during his tenure at the Studium in Florence that Chalcondyles edited Homer for publication. He assisted Marsilio Ficino with his Latin translation of Plato. His edition of Homer, dedicated to Lorenzo's son Piero de' Medici, is his major accomplishment. Finally, invited by Ludovico Sforza, he moved to Milan (1491/2), where he taught until he died.
Work
He wrote in Ancient Greek the grammar handbooks "Summarized Questions of the Eight Parts of Word After Their Rules" (Ερωτήματα Συνοπτικά Τον Οκτώ Του Λόγου Μερών Μετά Τινών Κανόνων). He translated Galen's Anatomy into Latin.
As a scholar, Demetrius Chalcondyles published the editio princeps of Homer, ('Ομήρου τα Σωζόμενα', Florence, 1488), Isocrates, (Milan, 1493)and the Suda (Σούδα), the Byzantium lexicon (1494).
- Greek Grammar, edited 1546 by Melchior Volmar in Basel
- Latin translation of the Anatomical Procedures of Galen, edited and published in 1529 by Jacopo Berengario da Carpi
- 1488, editio princeps of Homer's Ilias and Odyssey, Poiesis Hapasa, edited by Bernardus Nerlius and Demetrius Chalcondylas, appeared in Florence, not before 13 January 1489, in two folio volumes. It was the first Greek book to be printed in Florence. The Greek type used to print the 1488-89 Homer is believed to have been cast by the Cretan Demetrius Damilas from the type that he had used to print Constantinus Lascaris’ Erotemata (Milan, 1476), the first book to be printed entirely in Greek, based upon the hand of Damilas’s fellow scribe Michael Apostolis.
References
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty|title=(help)- Proctor, the Printing of Greek in the Fifteenth-Century, pp. 66-69.
