Misplaced Pages

Revision as of 23:03, 31 August 2007

Part of a series on the
History of Afghanistan
The palace of the emir in 1839
Timeline
Ancient Indus Valley civilisation 2200–1800 BC Oxus civilization 2100–1800 BC Gandhara kingdom 1500–535 BC Median Empire 728–550 BC Achaemenid Empire 550–330 BC Macedonian Empire 330–312 BC Seleucid Empire 312–150 BC Maurya Empire 305–180 BC Greco-Bactrian kingdom 256–125 BC Parthian Empire 247 BC–224 AD Indo-Greek kingdom 180–90 BC Indo-Scythian kingdom 155–80? BC Kushan Empire 135 BC – 248 AD Indo-Parthian kingdom 20 BC – 50? AD Sasanian Empire 230–651 Kidarite kingdom 320–465 Rob Alchon Huns 380–560 Hephthalite Empire 410–557 Nezak Huns 484–711
Medieval Kabul Shahi 565–879 Principality of Chaghaniyan 7th–8th centuries Rashidun Caliphate 652–661 Tang China 660–669 Tibetan Empire 660–842 Umayyads 661–750 Zunbils 680–870 Lawik 750-977 Abbasids 750–821 Tahirids 821–873 Saffarids 863–900 Samanids 875–999 Ghaznavids 963–1187 Ghurids before 879–1215 Seljuks 1037–1194 Khwarezmids 1215–1231 Mongol Invasion 1219–1226 Chagatai Khanate 1226–1245 Qarlughids 1224–1266 Ilkhanate 1256–1335 Kartids 1245–1381 Timurids 1370–1507 Arghuns 1520–1591
Modern Mughals 1501–1738 Safavids 1510–1709 Kunduz Khanate  ?–1859 Hotak dynasty 1709–1738 Sadozai Sultanate 1716–1732 Afsharid Iran 1738–1747 Durrani Empire 1747–1823 Maimana Khanate 1747–1892 Herat 1793–1863 Principality of Qandahar 1818–1855 Emirate 1823–1926 Saqqawist Emirate 1929 Kingdom 1926–1973 Daoud coup 1973 Republic 1973–1978 Saur Revolution 1978 Democratic Republic 1978–1992 Tanai coup attempt 1990 Islamic State 1992–1996 Islamic Emirate 1996–2001 US invasion 2001 Islamic State (reinstated) 2001 Interim/Transitional Administration 2001–2004 Islamic Republic (politics) 2004–2021 Islamic Emirate (reinstated) since 2021
Related historical regions Arachosia Aria Ariana Bactria Gandhara Iran Kabulistan Kafiristan Khorasan Kushanshahr Paropamisadae Sistan Zabulistan
Related topics Political history Political violence Culture Economic history Name Afghan (ethnonym) List of years List of heads of state Wars List of wars Hinduism history Hindu and Buddhist heritage Jewish history Muslim conquests
Category Afghanistan portal
v t e

The Hotaki dynasty (1709-1738) was founded by Muhamad Baqer Hotaki, an ethnic Pashtun (Afghan) from the Ghilzai clan, of Kandahar province in modern-day Afghanistan. . Muhamad Baqer and his followers rose against the Persian Safavid rule starting in the city of Kandahar in 1709. His successor Mirwais Khan Hotak began his rule by killing Gurgin Khan, the Georgian-born governor of Kandahar, who was representing the Persian kings. Next, Qudratullah ordered the deaths of the remaining Persian government officials in the region. They then defeated the Persian army that was dispatched from Isfahan (capital of the Safavid Empire).

Mirwais Hotaki died peacefully in 1715 from natural cause and was succeeded by his son Mir Mahmud Hotaki, who later led an army to invade Persia. In 1722, Mir Mahmud sacked the city of Isfahan and declared himself Shah of Persia (meaning King of Persia). However, the great majority still rejected the Turk regime as usurping. The Hotaki dynasty was a troubled and violent one as internecine conflict made it difficult to establish permanent control. The dynasty lived under great turmoil due to bloody succession feuds that made their hold on power tenuous, and after the massacre of thousands of civilians in Isfahan by the Turks – including more than three thousand religious scholars, nobles, and members of the Safavid family – the Hotaki dynasty was eventually removed. In October 1729, they were defeated by Nader Shah, head of the Afsharids, in the Battle of Damghan and pushed back to what is now Afghanistan.

Modern-day Hotakis have been Pashtunized and are known as Pashtuns.

See also

• History of Afghanistan
• History of Iran

References and footnotes

1. a Swedish Officer who, for many Years, was Domestick Slave to Miri-Ways (1724). The Persian Cromwell: Being An Account of the Life and Surprizing Atchievements and Successes of Miri-Ways, Great Duke of Candahar and Protector of the Persian Empire. London: Printed for W. Mears and J. Roberts.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
2. a Swedish Officer who, for many Years, was Domestick Slave to Miri-Ways (1724). The Persian Cromwell: Being An Account of the Life and Surprizing Atchievements and Successes of Miri-Ways, Great Duke of Candahar and Protector of the Persian Empire. London: Printed for W. Mears and J. Roberts.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
3. Prof. D. Balland, "Ašraf Ghilzai", in Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition 2006, (LINK)
4. Encyclopaedia Britannica - The Hotakis (from Afghanistan)...Link

External links

• Encyclopaeda Britannica - The Hotakis (from Afghanistan)
• Afghanland - Mirwais Khan Hotak

This Afghanistan-related article is a stub. You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it.

• v
• t
• e

This Iran-related article is a stub. You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it.

• v
• t
• e

• Afghanistan stubs
• Iran stubs