| Revision as of 11:27, 19 August 2002 editKpjas (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users6,486 edits its strange that this article was not linking to tobacco + minor changes← Previous edit | Revision as of 11:30, 19 August 2002 edit undoDanKeshet (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users3,623 editsm pipeNext edit → | ||
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| ] smoke. The smoke contains, among thousands of other chemicals, | ] smoke. The smoke contains, among thousands of other chemicals, | ||
| ] that is the addictive ingredient. The most widespread form is | ] that is the addictive ingredient. The most widespread form is | ||
| smoking of ]s, |
smoking of ]s, followed by ] smoking and ] smoking. | ||
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| === Health effects of smoking === | === Health effects of smoking === | ||
Revision as of 11:30, 19 August 2002
Tobacco smoking is the practice or habit (or addiction) of inhaling tobacco smoke. The smoke contains, among thousands of other chemicals, nicotine that is the addictive ingredient. The most widespread form is smoking of cigarettes, followed by pipe smoking and cigar smoking.
Health effects of smoking
It has been scientifically established that tobacco smoking is the cause of, or a contributor to, numerous diseases. The most important are lung cancer and other cancers of the respiratory tract. Cancers of the larynx and tongue are also important causes of mortality and morbidity. There are hundreds of known carcinogens, such as benzene, present in cigarette smoke. The length of time that a person continues to smoke as well as the amount smoked increases their chances of contracting lung cancer. However, if someone stops smoking, then these chances steadily decrease as the damage to their lungs is repaired.
Smoking also increases the chance of heart disease. Several ingredients of tobacco lead to the narrowing of blood vessels, increasing the likelihood of a block, and thus a heart attack. Other tobacco chemicals lead to high blood pressure. Also, some chemicals damage the inside of arteries, for example making it possible for cholesterol to adhere to the artery wall, possibly leading to a heart attack.
Other diseases linked to tobacco smoking:
- emphysema
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic bronchitis in particular
- stroke
- peripheral vascular disease
- birth defects
- Buerger's disease
- impotence
Legal aspects
"Passive smoking", whereby the smoke from one person's cigarette is inhaled by other people, has recently become a contentious political issue. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1993 issued a report concluding that about 3,000 lung-cancer related deaths in the US were caused by passive smoking every year, but this study was not scientifically rigorous and its results are now discounted by most scientists. Later, and better, studies have shown that passive smoke can be a risk, but not to extent reported by the EPA study. In 2002 a group of 29 experts from 12 countries convened by the Monographs Programme of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of the World Health Organization reviewed all significant published evidence related to tobacco smoking and cancer. It concluded its evaluation of the carcinogenic risks associated with involuntary smoking, with second-hand smoke also being classified as carcinogenic to humans.
Smoking continues to be a major problem because of smokers' addiction to the nicotine in tobacco smoke, and the vigorous marketing of cigarettes by the tobacco industry.
In many countries smoking in public buildings is now prohibited. Many office buildings (are required by law to) contain specially ventilated smoking areas.
Nicotine is a powerful stimulant and is one of the main factors leading to the addictiveness of tobacco smoking. Although the amount of nicotine inhaled with tobacco smoke is quite small (most of the substance is destroyed by the heat) it is still sufficient to cause addiction. The amount of nicotine absorbed by the body from smoking depends on many factors, including the type of tobacco, whether the smoke is inhaled, and whether a filter is used. On average it takes about seven seconds for the substance to reach the brain.
See also other forms of tobacco use :