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| ==Aftermath== | ==Aftermath== | ||
| {{main|Partitioning of the Ottoman Empire}} | {{main|Partitioning of the Ottoman Empire}} | ||
| The Ottomans had to renounce all of their empire, with the exception of ] and giving up to all their garrisons in ], ], ], ], ] and ]. In addition to |
The Ottomans had to renounce all of their empire, with the exception of ] and giving up to all their garrisons in ], ], ], ], ] and ]. In addition to the allied occupation of the key sea areas around the ], they also occupied ] and the tunnels of the ] and had the right to occupy six provinces with Armenian populations in north-eastern Anatolia in case of disorder. By controlling the Bosphorus, the Allies also controlled the capital, ], and this forced the ], who had established a revolutionary government there, to flee. In the ], Turkey had to retreat to within its pre-war borders. | ||
| The ] (]), which included clauses aimed at the creation of an independent ] and a wider ], would have further diminished the territories controlled by ], but the treaty was not enacted due to the outbreak of the ] led by ]. | The ] (]), which included clauses aimed at the creation of an independent ] and a wider ], would have further diminished the territories controlled by ], but the treaty was not enacted due to the outbreak of the ] led by ]. | ||
Revision as of 14:36, 14 October 2007
The Armistice of Mudros, which ended hostilities in Middle Eastern theatre of World War I between the Ottoman Empire and the Allies, was signed on 30 October 1918 by the Turkish Minister of Marine Affairs Rauf Bey and the British Admiral Somerset Arthur Gough-Calthorpe, on board the HMS Agamemnon in Moudros harbour on the Greek island of Lemnos.
The agreement
The armistice brought about a cessation of hostilities between the Ottoman Empire on the one side and the Allies, represented by Britain, and including the British Empire, France, Italy and Japan on the other.
In signing the armistice, the Ottomans surrendered their remaining garrisons outside Anatolia, granted the Allies the right to occupy forts controlling the Straits of the Dardanelles and the Bosporus; and the right to occupy "in case of disorder" the six Armenian provinces in Anatolia and to seize "any strategic points" in case of a threat to Allied security. The Ottoman army was demobilized, and Turkish ports, railways, and other strategic points were made available for use by the Allies.
Aftermath
Main article: Partitioning of the Ottoman EmpireThe Ottomans had to renounce all of their empire, with the exception of Anatolia and giving up to all their garrisons in Hedjaz, Yemen, Syria, Mesopotamia, Tripolitania and Cyrenaica. In addition to the allied occupation of the key sea areas around the Sea of Marmara, they also occupied Batum and the tunnels of the Taurus Mountains and had the right to occupy six provinces with Armenian populations in north-eastern Anatolia in case of disorder. By controlling the Bosphorus, the Allies also controlled the capital, Constantinople, and this forced the Young Turks, who had established a revolutionary government there, to flee. In the Caucasus, Turkey had to retreat to within its pre-war borders.
The Treaty of Sèvres (1920), which included clauses aimed at the creation of an independent Kurdistan and a wider Armenia, would have further diminished the territories controlled by Turkey, but the treaty was not enacted due to the outbreak of the Turkish War of Independence led by Mustafa Kemal Pasha.
References