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Revision as of 17:12, 5 December 2007

M is the thirteenth letter of the Latin alphabet and also the thirteenth letter in the english alphabet. It can also refer to the following.

Miscellaneous abbreviations

• In information systems, M is often used as the abbreviation for the male sex in personal data records. Also commonly used in chat rooms.
• In calendars, M is often an abbreviation for Monday or for the months March or May.
• In Control Theory, M is the magnitude of the closed-loop frequency response.
• In French, and some English works by French authors, M. is an abbreviation for Monsieur.
• In clothing, M can mean "medium size". European clothing-size standard EN 13402 defines the size code M to refer to chest girths 94–102 cm for men's clothes and bust girths 90–98 cm for women's clothes. Manufacturers also use their own non-standard defining body measurements for this size code.
• In engineering, M designates an ISO metric screw thread, as in "an M8 screw".
• As an academic degree, M means magister or master.

Arts and popular culture

Comic books

• M is a member of "Generation X", a team of younger mutants affiliated with and coached by some of the former "X-Men".
• M is a Norwegian comic strip.
• In the anime and manga Chobits, the online handle of Minoru Kokubunji.
• M is the codename of the leader/head of the League of Extraordinary Gentlemen in the comics, who, in Sir Arthur Connan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes, is know as Professor Moriarty

Games

• M is the ESRB rating symbol for Mature.
• M is the abbreviation for Mario, a Nintendo character. He wears a red hat which has a red capital "M" on it.
• 'M is the nickname of a certain glitch in the Pokémon video games, which takes the form of a wild pokémon.
• A player's "M" in poker is a measure of the health of his chip stack.

Transportation

• M is a New York City Subway line, the M train, which runs between Metropolitan Avenue in Queens, through Manhattan, to Bay Parkway in Brooklyn.
• In each of New York City & Los Angeles County, "M" is often the dominant character in insignia representing each governmental public mass transit angency, both designated as "M. T. A." & "Metropolitan Transportation Authority"
• Any route in the UK, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand beginning with M designates the road is a Motorway
• A route belonging to the Michigan Highway System is referred locally as an M route (i.e. State Route 3 would be called M-3)

Film

• M (James Bond), the codename of the fictional head of MI6 in the James Bond books and films
• M (film), a 1931 film by Fritz Lang
• M (1951 film), a remake of the 1931 film
• M (2007 film), a film by Hiroki Ryuichi
• M (South Korean film), a 2007 film by Lee Myung-se
• M, a defunct rating in the MPAA rating system
• M, a rating used by the Australian Office of Film and Literature Classification (Australia)
• M (videocassette format), a now-defunct professional videocassette format

Music

• M: Writings ’67–’72 is a 1973 book by avantgarde composer John Cage.
• M is a song by Ayumi Hamasaki.
• M is a techno-pop project of the artist Robin Scott; this project performed the 1979 #1 hit song "Pop Muzik".
• -M- is the artist name of the French singer Matthieu Chédid.
• "M" is the pseudonym for the American performance artist Mem Nahadr, a Jazz vocalist hired by Yoko Kanno; see M (singer).
• M can be a reference to rapper Eminem.
• M, a song by The Cure from their 1980 album Seventeen Seconds.
• M People were a band popular in the 1990s.
• A lower-case m placed after a note name indicates a minor chord (e.g., Em for an E minor chord).
• M is a male Korean singer also known as Lee Min Woo.

Business

• M closely resembles the symbol of McDonald's, known as the Golden Arches.
• "M" (fragrance) is the debut fragrance from singer-songwriter Mariah Carey.
• m is used on the candy coated choclates "m&ms" made by the Mars Corporation.

Photography

• In photography, most SLR cameras use M to signify manual mode, where the user sets both aperture and shutter speed.

Education

• In New Zealand's National Certificate of Educational Achievement (NCEA), M stands for 'merit', the second highest of the four grades.

Finance

• In common references to currency, M or m denotes million or millions, such as $25M (twenty-five million dollars).
• In traditional accounting practice, M designates thousand or thousands (from the Latin mille), and MM is used for million. Hence such traditional abbreviations as CPM for cost per thousand items of a retail good, or MCF for thousand cubic feet of (e.g.) natural gas.
• In economics, M is usually used to represent imports.
• Script capital M (Unicode 0x2133 ℳ) denotes the old German currency Goldmark.
• M is the symbol for Macy's department stores on the New York Stock Exchange

Geographical abbreviations

• In international licence plate codes, M stands for Malta.
• As the first letter of a postal code:
  • In Canada, M stands for the City of Toronto.
  • In the United Kingdom, M stands for Manchester.
• In radiocommunication, M is one of the ITU prefixes allocated to the United Kingdom.
• In Denmark, the Copenhagen Metro is often abbreviated to M.

Grammar and Language

• M is often the abbreviation for the masculine grammatical gender.
• m represents a bilabial nasal in the International Phonetic Alphabet.
• Eh is the reconstructed name, signified and vocalisation of the sigil or rune depicted by the signifier: M.

Military

• M is the United States military designation for the word "Mark" "Model" in weapons, vehicles and other equipment, but not military aircraft. Started use in the early to mid 1930's. Prior usage was the word Model of with the year of adoption or standardization. The correct current usage is with the letter M and then the number assigned, e.g. M16 rifle, etc.
• In war time, the letter M is often written on the forehead of casualties to alert medics that the patient has been given morphine.
• In the NATO phonetic alphabet, M is "Mike".
• The NATO M band ranges from 60 to 100 GHz.
• M is an abbreviation for the Russian design bureau Myasishchev.

Science, computing and industry

Astronomy

• In astronomy, M is an abbreviation for "Messier" in designations for the Messier Deepsky Objects.
• M stands for a reddish class of stars in the Morgan-Keenan system.
• M stands for a June 16 through 30 discovery, in the provisional designation of a comet (e.g. C/1860 M1, the Great Comet of 1860) or asteroid (e.g. (4314) 1979 ML3).
• M would stand for Mars, in the provisional designation of any ring or natural satellite discovered around it.

Biochemistry

• In biochemistry, M is the symbol for methionine.

Chemistry

• M is the symbol for the molarity of solutions.
• m is the symbol for the sample mass of compounds.
• m is the symbol for the molality of a compound.
• M is the symbol for the molar mass of an element or compound.
• m is the magnetic quantum number, the third of the set of quantum numbers used to describe electrons.

Colour

• In the CMYK color model, M stands for the colour magenta.

Computing

• M, when used as a binary prefix, means 2 = 1,048,576 (cf. M as a metric prefix below, and the prefix mebi: Mi).
• M is another name for the computer programming language MUMPS.
• M-code, or just M, is the MATLAB programming language.
• On Misplaced Pages "m" can represent "minor edit"

Genetics

• Haplogroup M (mtDNA) is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.
• Haplogroup M (Y-DNA) is a Y-chromosomal DNA (Y-DNA) haplogroup.

Mathematics

• m is used to denote slope in slope-intercept form. An M-set is the opposite of a set of uniqueness.
• Script capital M (Unicode 0x2133 ℳ) denotes a matrix.
• In the 1973 Handbook of Integer Sequences (a printed predecessor of the OEIS) sequences were numbered in lexicographic order prefixed by the letter M. Some older mathematical papers use these M numbers.

Measurement

• M (mega) is an SI prefix denoting 10 = 1,000,000 (one million) (cf. M in computing above)
• m (milli) is an SI prefix meaning 1/1000.
• m denotes metre (or meter), the SI base unit for length.
• m is a widely used abbreviation for mile, as seen, for example, on road signs in the UK. In such instances, the metre is usually abbreviated as 'mtr' or similar to avoid confusion with miles.

Physics

• M or m represents mass.
• M-theory is a proposed solution for problems in superstring theories.
• Script capital M (Unicode 0x2133 ℳ) denotes a torque.
• Upper-case M represents mutual inductance.
• M is the center of a rectangular face of the Brillouin zone of a hexagonal lattice.

Printing

• A capital M with a strikethrough (M) is used in the printing industry to denote one thousand, as in run quantity. For example, 4M is the equivalent of 4,000.

Automotive

• M is the symbol for the Toyota Motor Corporation's M family of engines. They were used from the 1960s through the 1990s. The M family were Toyota's most prestigious engines (apart from the uncommon V family V8) for 30 years. They were commonly found on the large Toyota Crown, Cressida, Celica Supra, and Supra models.

• M is the symbol for the high end performance BMW cars: M1, M3, M5, M6, Z3 M and the new Z4 M.

Medicine

• In a medical prescription, M means misce (Latin for "mix").

Roman uses of M

• In the Roman naming convention, M is the abbreviation for the praenomen Marcus, and M' stands for Manius.
• In Roman numerals, M denotes one thousand. While the symbol had originally a different shape, it took on the shape of an M based on the association with Latin mille ("one thousand"). There are also separate Unicode characters for this number, 0x216F "Ⅿ" and 0x217F "ⅿ".
• In antiquity, the letter M was considered a symbol of eccentricity, based on the Greek word μωρός ("stupid").

Theology

• In theology and higher criticism, 'M' is an abbreviation for "M Gospel".
• In Christian symbolism, 'M' is a symbol of the Trinity, because of its three vertical lines.
• Ekchuah, the Mayan god of warriors and merchants, was referred to as 'M' by early modern scholars before being positively identified by name.
• Martyr, in the Christian Church; when the term M. follows the name of a Christian saint it denotes that the saint was a Martyr.

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