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'''Pallywood''' (a ] of "]" and "]") is a ] used to refer to news events alleged to have been staged by ] and/or foreign cameramen to portray ] in an unfavorable light.<ref name=Carvajal>Carvajal, Doreen. , ''International Herald Tribune'', Monday, February 7, 2005.</ref><ref>Poller, Nidra. , ''PoliticsCentral'', September 13, 2006.</ref><ref name=Cambanis>Cambanis, Thanassis. "Some Shunning The Palestinian Hard Stance." ''The Boston Globe'', September 6, 2005</ref> |
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==Origin of the term== |
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].<ref name=video>Landes, Richard. (Windows Media Video), SecondDraft.org. ()</ref>]] |
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The word "Pallywood" appeared in a ] forum debate in 2002,<ref> , rec.arts.sf.fandom, May 15, 2002.</ref> but Professor ] of ] is credited with having given the term currency in 2005, with his 18-minute video ''Pallywood: According to Palestinian Sources''.<ref name=video>Landes, Richard. (Windows Media Video), SecondDraft.org. ()</ref><sup>(VIDEO)</sup> |
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In his video, Landes shows ]-related footage, mostly taken by freelance Palestinian video journalists. He has stated that he used different camera angles to those which were broadcast by the ]. He argues that Palestinian video journalists have staged scenes for propaganda purposes to create bias against Israel by presenting the Palestinians as helpless victims of Israeli aggression.<ref name=history>Landes, Richard. , SecondDraft.org.</ref> He believes that what he describes as systematic media manipulation (which he dubs "Pallywood") dates back to at least the ], and argues that broadcasters are too uncritical of the ''bona fides'' of Palestinian freelance footage.<ref name=Stevens/>. |
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==Use of the term== |
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The term has been used by right-wing bloggers, particularly after similar ] (e.g. "Hizbollywood") were made during the ]. <ref name=Zerbisias>Zerbisias, Antonia. "And Now It's Reutersgate". ''Toronto Star'', August 9, 2006.</ref> |
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], a political commentator and former speech-writer for ], has described Landes' work as an exposé of political propaganda, arguing that the footage Landes has compiled reveals "a startling series of faked funerals, staged gun battles, and professional weeping grandmothers. They dub the Palestinian propaganda complex, 'Pallywood,' and ask hard questions about the readiness — eagerness — of much of the world media to be deceived."<ref>]. . ''National Post'', June 17, 2006.</ref> |
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==Media in the Gaza Strip== |
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German journalist Thorsten Schmitz writes that the world's large news organizations, ] and ], and news agencies such as ] and ], work almost exclusively with Palestinian cameramen when reporting from the ].<ref name=Schmitz>Schmitz, Thorsten. , ''Sueddeutsche Zeitung'', June 16, 2006.</ref> Working as a cameraman for the Western media is regarded as one of the most lucrative jobs in the Palestinian areas, Schmitz writes, with some cameramen in the area earning up to $250 U.S. per day, as much as some Palestinian families might earn in six months. Schmitz states that the images intended to portray suffering in Gaza and broadcast by the international media are produced primarily by Palestinians. <ref name=Schmitz/> Richard Landes has argued that the mainstream media are too quick to accept this freelance footage.<ref name=Stevens>Stevens, Chris. , ''The Daily Telegraph'', April 14, 2007.</ref> |
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==Examples of "Pallywood" allegations== |
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===Muhammad al-Durrah=== |
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{{main|Muhammad al-Durrah}} |
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Muhammad al-Durrah, a 12-year-old Palestinian, was widely reported to have been killed by Israeli gunfire in the Gaza Strip on ] ] at the beginning of the ]. The shooting was recorded by Talal Abu Rahma, a local freelance cameraman and aired on ] with narration by ].<ref name="Lappin">Lappin, Yakkov. '']''. 20 September 2007. 21 October 2007.</ref> The footage became internationally famous. In ''Pallywood'', Richard Landes questions the authenticity of the footage and disputes whether al-Durrah was killed by Israeli gunfire or even killed at all.<ref name=SecondDraftDura>, ''Second Draft''.</ref> Several other commentators have expressed similar doubts.<ref name=DuraPallywood>, Honestreporting.com.</ref><ref name=Gelernter>Gelernter, David. , ''Jewish World Review'', 2003.<!--attributed by likud.nl as a Los Angeles Times editorial; Google News archive picks up no such thing--></ref><ref name=NYTimesFeb05>, ''The New York Times'', February 7, 2005.</ref><ref name=Cambanis/><ref name="Lappin" /> The authenticity of the footage is currently under review in a libel case being heard in France,<ref>Martin Patience, ], 8 November 2007</ref> at which Landes had previously testified. |
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===Other events=== |
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Landes also describes the ] in 2002 <ref name=history/> as an instance in which "Pallywood" footage has been shown, and Schmitz has made similar arguments regarding an Israeli rocket attack on ], ] on a car carrying members of ].<ref name=Schmitz/> |
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==See also== |
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*] |
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*] |
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*] |
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==Notes== |
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{{reflist|2}} |
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==Further reading== |
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<div class="references-small"> |
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* , website of ] with films and analysis from the ] |
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*Landes, Richard. (video). |
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*Landes, Richard. (video). |
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*"And now it's 'Reutersgate'," ''Toronto Star'', August 9, 2006. |
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*{{de icon}} , ''Israelnetz'', June 19, 2006. |
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*Cambanis, Thanassis. "Some Shunning the Palestinian Hard Stance," ''The Boston Globe'', September 6, 2005. |
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*Gordon, Philip H. & Tasponar, Omer. "Why France shouldn't legislate Turkey's past," ''The New Republic'', October 30, 2006. |
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*Kaplan, Lee. , ''Canada Free Press'', May 28, 2006. |
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*Kaplan, Lee. , ''Canada Free Press'', June 24, 2006. |
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*{{de icon}} Von Wussow, Philipp. , ''Telepolis'', August 3, 2006. |
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