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'''Redox signaling''' is the concept that ], ] (ROS), and other electronically-activated species act as messengers in biological systems. '''Redox signaling''' is the process wherein ], ] (ROS), and other electronically-activated species act as messengers in biological systems.


==History== ==History==
The concept of electronically-activated species as messengers in both normal metabolism and in pathogenesis goes back to the 19th century. E.g., the biological pigment ] is a stable free radical. ] noted that white blue-eyed cats are usually deaf and that this may be secondary to some defect in neuronal development secondary to the absence of melanin pigment. Similarly, it has been known for centuries that radical-generating ] such as interocular ] or ] may produce massive vitreous fibrosis (scarring) as they oxidize. We now know that ] likely play a key role in fibrocyte activation. The concept of electronically-activated species as messengers in both normal metabolism and in pathogenesis goes back to the 19th century. For example, the biological pigment ] is a stable free radical. ] noted that white blue-eyed cats are usually deaf and that this combination might be related to some defect in neuronal development secondary to the absence of melanin pigment. In a similar manner, it has been known for centuries that radical-generating ] such as interocular ] and ] may produce massive vitreous fibrosis (scarring) as they oxidize. We now know that ] likely play a key role in fibrocyte activation.


Similarly, the "Adrenochrome Hypothesis" of ] and ] for the causation of ] involves the radical oxidation of the neurotransmitter ] to the psychoactive compound ]. The "Adrenochrome Hypothesis" of ] and ] for the causation of ] involves the radical oxidation of the neurotransmitter ] to the psychoactive compound ].


==External links== ==External links==

Revision as of 20:27, 18 January 2008

Redox signaling is the process wherein free radicals, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and other electronically-activated species act as messengers in biological systems.

History

The concept of electronically-activated species as messengers in both normal metabolism and in pathogenesis goes back to the 19th century. For example, the biological pigment melanin is a stable free radical. Charles Darwin noted that white blue-eyed cats are usually deaf and that this combination might be related to some defect in neuronal development secondary to the absence of melanin pigment. In a similar manner, it has been known for centuries that radical-generating transition-series metals such as interocular copper and iron may produce massive vitreous fibrosis (scarring) as they oxidize. We now know that reactive oxygen species likely play a key role in fibrocyte activation.

The "Adrenochrome Hypothesis" of Abram Hoffer and Humphry Osmond for the causation of schizophrenia involves the radical oxidation of the neurotransmitter epinephrine to the psychoactive compound adrenochrome.

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