| Revision as of 05:50, 13 December 2003 view sourceRoozbeh (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users6,332 edits revert the mistake← Previous edit | Revision as of 05:55, 13 December 2003 view source Roozbeh (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users6,332 editsNo edit summaryNext edit → | ||
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| The language itself has greatly developed during the centuries. | The language itself has greatly developed during the centuries. | ||
| Due to technological developments new words and idioms are created and enter into Farsi like any other language. In ] the ''Academy of Persian |
Due to technological developments new words and idioms are created and enter into Farsi like any other language. In ] the '']'' is a center that evaluates the new words in order to initiate and advise its Persian equivalent. | ||
| Although it uses the same ] |
Although it uses the same ] as the ] (Persian adds four letters, and changes the shape of another two), the Persian is a language completly different, with a different ] and ]. | ||
| Is the name of the language ''Persian'' or ''Farsi''? To answer this question you can ask is it ''Spanish'' or ''Español''? In other words, ''Persian'' is an English word, and ''Farsi'' or ''Parsi'' are Persian words. | Is the name of the language ''Persian'' or ''Farsi''? To answer this question you can ask is it ''Spanish'' or ''Español''? In other words, ''Persian'' is an English word, and ''Farsi'' or ''Parsi'' are Persian words. | ||
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| However, both terms have made their way into the English language by different routes. ''Persian'' is the Hellenized form of the native term ''Parsi'' and is more widely recognized. ''Farsi'' is the Arabicized form and its use in the English language is very recent. | However, both terms have made their way into the English language by different routes. ''Persian'' is the Hellenized form of the native term ''Parsi'' and is more widely recognized. ''Farsi'' is the Arabicized form and its use in the English language is very recent. | ||
| Native Iranians typically call it ''Farsi |
Native Iranians typically call it ''Farsi'' in modern usage. | ||
| *] was a language spoken by the Jews living in ]. | *] was a language spoken by the Jews living in ]. | ||
| *] is a dialect of |
*] is a dialect of Persian, one of the two official languages of ]. | ||
| *] is considered as dialect of |
*] is considered as dialect of Persian by some linguists. | ||
| <big>'''Persian phonology'''</big> -- ''adapted from this .'' | <big>'''Persian phonology'''</big> -- ''adapted from this .'' | ||
Revision as of 05:55, 13 December 2003
Persian (also known as Farsi or Parsi) is a language spoken in Iran, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Georgia, part of India and part of Pakistan. It has over 46 million native speakers. It belongs to the Indo-European language family. It is of the Subject Object Verb type.
Persian is a member of the Indo-European family of languages, and within that family, it belongs to the Indo-Iranian (Aryan) branch, within which, the Iranian sub-branch consists of the following chronological linguistic path: Avestan/Old Persian -> Middle Persian (Pahlavi) -> Modern Persian.
The language itself has greatly developed during the centuries. Due to technological developments new words and idioms are created and enter into Farsi like any other language. In Iran the Academy of Persian Language and Literature is a center that evaluates the new words in order to initiate and advise its Persian equivalent.
Although it uses the same Alphabet as the Arabic language (Persian adds four letters, and changes the shape of another two), the Persian is a language completly different, with a different Phonology and Grammar.
Is the name of the language Persian or Farsi? To answer this question you can ask is it Spanish or Español? In other words, Persian is an English word, and Farsi or Parsi are Persian words.
However, both terms have made their way into the English language by different routes. Persian is the Hellenized form of the native term Parsi and is more widely recognized. Farsi is the Arabicized form and its use in the English language is very recent.
Native Iranians typically call it Farsi in modern usage.
- Judeo-Persian was a language spoken by the Jews living in Persia.
- Dari is a dialect of Persian, one of the two official languages of Afghanistan.
- Tajik is considered as dialect of Persian by some linguists.
Persian phonology -- adapted from this Structural Sketch of Persian.
| front | back | |
| high | i: | u: |
| mid-high | E | o |
| low | ae | A: |
| labial | dentals |
palatals | velars |
|
| voiceless stops | p | t | tS | k |
| voiced stops | b | d | dZ | g |
| voiceless fricatives | f | s | S | x |
| voiced fricatives | v | z | Z | Y |
| nasals | m | n | ||
| liquids | l, r | |||
| glides | y | h |
The functional contrast for vowels appears to be between long {/i:/, /u:/, /A:/} and short {/E/, /O/, /a/}. Therefore, it seems possible to represent the phonology as {/i:/, /u:/, /a:/} and {/i/, /u/, /a/}. Also note that /tS/ and /dZ/ are affricates, not stops.
Persian syntax
Normal sentences are structured: (S) (PP) (O) V
If the object is definite, then the order is (S) (O + "rA:") (PP) V