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	\| format =		\| format =
	\| accessdate = 2008-01-14 }}		\| accessdate = 2008-01-14 }}
			the tip of the tounge is the most resorcefull wais to lick a penis but there are otheres nown as taekwondoe it is all about boobies and penis licking contest be sure to try it out it is a mazing lik away young ones lik away little grasshoppers
	</ref>:
	<blockquote>This process of development can be broadly outlined as follows: Japanese karate called kongsudo or tangsudo was introduced to Korea just after liberation from Japan by Koreans who had learned karate in Japan. Upon returning, these Koreans opened karate gymnasiums promoting what they were teaching as karate, much like the process followed by the early Judo instructors. Well after these schools became established, the need to "Koreanize" was felt. The process of Koreanization consisted of three main aspects. The first was the selection of a new, non-Japanese name. The second was the creation of a system of techniques and training which was distinctly different from that of karate, and the third was the attempt to establish t'aegwondo's existence and development within the historical flow of Korean civilization.</blockquote>

	The liberation of Korea also brought renewed interest in indigenous arts. ] gave a ] demonstration for Republic of Korea President ]. <ref> TKD history information </ref> Korean nationalism led to the development of a new, clearly Korean art from the Japanese Karate base, influenced by memories of past Korean martial arts and by a desire to create an art that could be practiced as a competitive sport.<ref name="Dohrenwend">
	{{cite paper
	\| author = Dohrenwend, Robert
	\| title = The Truth about Taekwondo (Parts 1,2)
	\| version = volumes 22,23
	\| publisher = ]
	\| date =
	\| url =
	\| format =
	\| accessdate = }}</ref>,<ref name="Burdick">
	{{cite paper
	\| author = Burdick, Dakin
	\| title = People & Events of Taekwondo's Formative Years
	\| version = volume 6, issue 1
	\| publisher = ]
	\| date = 1997
	\| url = http://www.goviamedia.com/Korea-DB.pdf
	\| format =
	\| accessdate = 2008-01-14 }}
	</ref>

	In 1952, at the height of the Korean War, South Korea held a massive show of patriotism, including a martial arts display where all the Kwans of Korea displayed their skills. Major Nam Tae Hi stole the show when he smashed 13 roof tiles with a forefist punch. Following the demonstration, President Syngman Rhee instructed General Choi Hong Hi to introduce the martial arts to the Korean army.<ref name="Oh Do Kwan">{{cite web
	\| last = Oh Do Kwan
	\| first =
	\| authorlink =
	\| coauthors =
	\| title = Taekwon-Do Pioneers
	\| work = TaeKwon History
	\| publisher = Oh Do Kwan
	\| date = 2006
	\| url = http://www.ohdokwan.ca/namtaehi.html \| accessdate = 2008-03-25
	}}</ref>

	By the end of the ], nine schools of martial arts had emerged, and ]n President ] ordered that the various schools unify under a single system. A governmental body selected a naming committee's submission of "tae-kwon-do". Following the submission of the name "taekwondo" on ] ] by General ], the name was unanimously accepted.<ref>{{cite book
	\| last = Sik
	\| first = Kang Won
	\| coauthors = Lee Kyong Myung
	\| title = A Modern History of Taekwondo
	\| publisher =
	\| date =
	\| location =
	\| pages =
	\| isbn =
	}}</ref> The Korean Taekwondo Association (KTA) was formed in 1959 to facilitate the unification.<ref>{{cite web
	\| last = KTA
	\| first =
	\| title = History
	\| work = Korea Taekwondo Association
	\| publisher = www.koreataekwondo.org
	\| date = 2003
	\| url = http://www.koreataekwondo.org/english/html/kta/kta_index.html
	\| accessdate = 2007-08-11
	}}</ref> Shortly thereafter, taekwondo made its debut worldwide. Standardization efforts in ] stalled, as the ''kwan''s continued to teach differing styles. Another request from the Korean government for unification resulted in the formation of the Korea ] Association, which changed its name back to the Korean Taekwondo Association in 1965 following a change of leadership.

	General Choi is also known to be the author of the first English taekwondo syllabus book, entitled "Taekwon-Do" published by Daeha Publication Company in 1965. General Choi later founded the ITF on March 22nd ] in Seoul, South Korea. Choi claimed to have studied Korean martial arts when young and earned a black belt in ] in Japan from a mysterious man named Mr. Kim. However, every Kwan senior disagrees with this statement. Subsequently, Choi fell out of favor with the authorities in South Korea and moved his organization to Canada in 1972. It is also worth noting that he is regarded by ITF taekwondo practitioners as the founder of taekwondo and equally worth noting that all the major Kwan leaders disagree and state that taekwondo was founded by many men, not one.

	In ], the Korea Taekwondo Association Central Dojang was opened. A few months later, the name was changed to the ]. The following year, the WTF was formed. The ] recognized the WTF and taekwondo sparring in ], and the sport was accepted as a demonstration event at the 1988 Seoul and the 1992 Barcelona Summer Olympic Games. It became an official medal event as of the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games. Taekwondo is one of two Asian martial arts (] being the other) in the ].

	Both the ITF and WTF operate internationally, and taekwondo is one of the most popular martial arts in the world. Although competition is a significant feature of taekwondo, many practitioners study taekwondo for personal development, to learn self-defense, or for a combination of reasons.

	== Organizations ==		== Organizations ==

Revision as of 19:42, 3 June 2008

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Taekwondo

A WTF taekwondo sparring match
Also known as	Taekwon-Do, Tae Kwon-Do, Tae Kwon Do
Focus	Striking
Country of origin	Korea
Olympic sport	Since 2000 (WTF regulations)

Taekwondo
Hangul	태권도
Hanja	跆拳道
Revised Romanization	Taegwondo
McCune–Reischauer	T'aekwŏndo

Taekwondo (태권도; /tɛkwɒndoʊ/) is a Korean martial art. Taekwondo is the national sport of South Korea. It is also regarded as the world's most popular martial art in terms of number of practitioners, and sparring, or kyeorugi, is an official Olympic sporting event. In Korean, tae 태 跆 means "to trample with the foot"; kwon 권 拳 means "fist"; and do 도 道 means "way"; so taekwondo is loosely translated as "the way of the foot and fist".

Taekwondo's popularity has resulted in the varied evolution of the martial art into several domains: as with many other arts, it combines combat techniques, self-defense, sport, exercise, meditation and philosophy.

There are two main systems of taekwondo. One comes from the Kukkiwon, the source of the sparring system "Shihap Kyorugi" which is an event at the summer Olympics and which is governed by the World Taekwondo Federation (WTF); the other comes from the International Taekwondo Federation (ITF), which was founded by General Choi Hong Hi, the father of taekwondo. Although there are doctrinal and technical differences among the two taekwondo styles and the various organizations, the art in general emphasizes kicks thrown from a mobile stance, employing the leg's greater reach and power (compared to the arm). Circular motions that generate power are of central importance. Also important to the generation of power is the movement of the hips while performing a punch or a block. Taekwondo training generally includes a system of blocks, punches, and open-handed strikes and may also include various take-downs or sweeps, throws, and joint locks.

History

Modern Taekwondo

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During the Japanese occupation (1910-1945), the practice of tae-kyon was banned. Although the art essentially vanished, some aspects of taekkyeon may have survived through underground teaching and folk custom. As the Japanese colonization established a firm foothold in Korea, the few Koreans who were able to attend Japanese universities were exposed to Okinawan and Japanese martial arts, and some received black belts in these arts. Koreans in China were also exposed to Chinese martial arts.

After World War II and the liberation of Korea, several Kwans (schools) arose. They included: Chung Do Kwan, Moo Duk Kwan, Jidokwan (or Yun Moo Kwan), Chang Moo Kwan, Han Moo Kwan, Oh Do Kwan, Jung Do Kwan, Kang Duk Won,and Song Moo Kwan. All taught Japanese-influenced systems. Most were based on Japanese Karate, most notably Shotokan Karate. As these arts began to be taught openly by Koreans who had learned it in Japan, they were taught under such names as kongsudo and tangsudo. According to Steven D. CapenerCite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page).

WTF

Under WTF and Olympic rules, sparring is a full-contact event and takes place between two competitors in an area measuring 10 meters square. Each match or bout consists of three non-stop rounds of contact with rest between rounds. Junior fighters fight in 2-minute rounds with a 30-second break, while senior fighters fight in 3-minute rounds with 30-second breaks. Points are awarded for permitted, accurate, and powerful techniques to the legal scoring areas; light contact to a scoring area does not score any points. A kick or punch that makes contact with the opponent's hogu (a trunk protector that functions as a scoring target) scores one point; a kick to the head scores two points. Punches to the head are not allowed. If a competitor is knocked down by a scoring technique and the referee counts, then an additional point is awarded to the opponent.

At the end of three rounds, the competitor with the most points wins the match. If, during the match, one competitor gains a 7-point lead over the other, or if one competitor reaches a total of 12 points, then that competitor is immediately declared the winner and the match ends. In the event of a tie at the end of three rounds, a fourth "sudden death" overtime round will be held to determine the winner, after a 30-second rest period.

ITF

The ITF sparring rules are similar, but differ from the WTF rules in several respects. Hand attacks to the head are allowed; flying techniques score more points than grounded techniques; the competition area is slightly smaller (9 meters square instead of 10 meters); and competitors do not wear the hogu used in Olympic-style sparring (although they are required to wear approved foot and hand protection equipment). The ITF competition rules and regulations are available at the ITF information website.

ITF competitions also feature performances of patterns, breaking and "special techniques", a category where competitors preform prescribed board breaks at great heights.

AAU Competitions are very similar, except that different styles of pads and gear are allowed. Any gear that has the Olympic symbol and not the WTF logo on it is approved.

Korean commands

Official WTF trunk protector (*hogu*), forearm guards and shin guards

In taekwondo, Korean language commands are often used. For words used in counting, see Korean numerals.

Word	Hangeul	Meaning
Charyeot	차렷	Attention
Gyeongnye	경례	Bow
Baro	바로	Return
Swieo	쉬어	At ease, relax
Kihap	기합	Spirit Yell
Junbi	준비	Ready
Sijak	시작	Begin
Kalyo	갈려	Break (separate)
Gyesok	계속	Continue
Geuman	그만	Finish (stop)
Dwiro dora	뒤로 돌아	Turn around (about turn)
Haesan	해산	Dismiss

References

Tae Kwon Do: The Ultimate Reference Guide to the World's Most Popular Martial Art, by Park Yeon Hee et al. (New York: 1989)
^ Capener, Steven D. (2000). Taekwondo: The Spirit of Korea (portions of). Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Republic of Korea. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
Cummings, B. (2005). Korea's Place in the Sun. New York, NY: W.W. Norton.
Kyungji Kim (1986). "Taekwondo: a brief history". Korea Journal. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
Henning, Stanley (2000). "Traditional Korean Martial Arts". volume 9, issue 1. Journal of Asian Martial Arts. Retrieved 2008-01-17. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
Mitchell, David (1988). The Overlook Martial Arts Handbook. Woodstock, NY: Overlook Press. p. 161. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
International Taekwondo Federation (2000). "Competition Rules and Regulations". Rules. www.itf-information.com. Retrieved 2007-09-06. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)

External links

Martial arts

Classification

Regional origin	China Europe India Indonesia Italian Ireland Japan Okinawa Korea Mainland Southeast Asia Philippines Russia Vietnam
Unarmed techniques	Arm strikes Chokehold Punch Elbow strike Clinch Ground Headbutt Leg strikes Footwork Kick Flying Knee strike Stomp Grappling Hold Joint lock Sweep Takedown Throw Stand-up
Weapons	Duel Melee weapons Knife fighting Stick-fighting Swordsmanship Archery Shooting
Training	Kata Boxing glove Practice weapon Punching bag Pushing hands Randori Sparring
Grappling	Barróg Brazilian jiu-jitsu Judo (Para judo) Jujutsu Luta Livre esportiva Malla-yuddha Pehlwani Sambo Shuai jiao Sumo Wrestling catch Cornish folk freestyle Greco-Roman Mongolian oil shoot
Striking	Bando Boxing Capoeira Chess boxing Choi Kwang Do Dambe Karate Kickboxing Kun Khmer Lethwei Muay Thai Northern Praying Mantis Russian boxing Sanda Shaolin kung fu Shoot boxing Savate Taekwondo Tang Soo Do Tien Shan Pai Vovinam Wudangquan Yoshukai Karate
Internal	Aikido Daitō-ryū Aiki-jūjutsu Baguazhang Tai chi Xingyiquan
Full contact / combat sports	Professional boxing Kickboxing Full contact karate Mixed martial arts Pankration Shootfighting Submission wrestling Vale Tudo
Self-defense / combatives	Arnis Bartitsu Hapkido Kajukenbo Jieitaikakutōjutsu Krav Maga MCMAP Pencak silat Pencak Silat Harimau Suffrajitsu Systema Taekkyon To-Shin Do Wing Chun Silat Melayu
Eclectic / hybrids	American Kenpo Angampora Chun Kuk Do Hokutoryu Ju-Jutsu Jeet Kune Do Shooto Shorinji Kempo Unifight Qwan Ki Do
Battlefield	Banshay Bokator Historical European martial arts Huiyen Lallong Jujutsu Kalaripayattu Krabi–krabong Krav Maga Mardani khel Marine Corps Martial Arts Program Pencak Silat Harimau
Entertainment	Fighting game Martial arts film (Chanbara) Professional wrestling Stage combat Tricking Wuxia

International games

Martial arts at the Summer Olympics	Boxing Fencing Judo Karate Taekwondo Wrestling (freestyle, Greco-Roman) Demonstration sports Budō Pistol dueling Glima Savate
Martial arts at the World Games	Ju-jitsu Karate Kickboxing Muay Thai Sumo Former official sports Sambo Taekwondo Invitational sports Aikido Wushu
Martial arts at the Pan American Games	Boxing Fencing Judo Karate Taekwondo Wrestling
Martial arts at the Asian Games	Boxing Judo Jujutsu Karate Taekwondo Wrestling Wushu 2018 Only Kurash Pencak silat Sambo
Martial arts at the African Games	Boxing Fencing Judo Karate Taekwondo Wrestling
Martial arts at the European Games	Boxing Fencing Judo Karate Muaythai Sambo Taekwondo Wrestling

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