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The Treaty of Kars was a friendship treaty between Turkey and the Soviet Union. It was signed in Kars on October 23, 1921 and ratified in Yerevan on September 11, 1922. Turkey ceded the city of Batumi to Soviet Union in return for sovereignty over the cities of Kars and Ardahan. The treaty effectively ended the short-lived Armenian Republic that had been established under the previous Treaty of Sevres. Armenia does not recognize the treaty to this day.