Revision as of 18:26, 23 September 2005 editAdrigo (talk | contribs)56 edits making lead section reflect a more neutral point of view by changing 'belief in' to 'belief there might be'← Previous edit | Revision as of 19:23, 23 September 2005 edit undoJules.LT (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users1,267 edits rv Adrigo's edit to last version by Yurikbot. Please provide sources if you think the definition of theism should be changedNext edit → | ||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
'''Theism''' is the belief |
'''Theism''' is the belief in one or more ]s or ]es. More specifically, it may also mean the belief in God, a god, or gods, who is/are actively involved in maintaining the ]. This secondary meaning is shown in context to other beliefs concerning the divine below. | ||
The term is attested in English from ], and was probably coined to contrast with ''atheism'' attested from ca. ] (see the etymology section of ] for details). | The term is attested in English from ], and was probably coined to contrast with ''atheism'' attested from ca. ] (see the etymology section of ] for details). | ||
Views about |
Views about the existence of God are commonly divided into these categories: | ||
#]: The |
#]: The doctrine that there is no God. | ||
#]: The |
#]: The belief that the existence of God or gods is unknown and/or inherently unknowable. | ||
#]: The doctrine that God created the world but does not interact with it. This view emphasizes the deities' ]. | #]: The doctrine that God created the world but does not interact with it. This view emphasizes the deities' ]. | ||
#] (second definition): The doctrine God(s) is ] in the world, yet transcends it: | #] (second definition): The doctrine God(s) is ] in the world, yet transcends it: |
Revision as of 19:23, 23 September 2005
Theism is the belief in one or more gods or goddesses. More specifically, it may also mean the belief in God, a god, or gods, who is/are actively involved in maintaining the Universe. This secondary meaning is shown in context to other beliefs concerning the divine below.
The term is attested in English from 1678, and was probably coined to contrast with atheism attested from ca. 1587 (see the etymology section of atheism for details).
Views about the existence of God are commonly divided into these categories:
- Atheism: The doctrine that there is no God.
- Agnosticism: The belief that the existence of God or gods is unknown and/or inherently unknowable.
- Deism: The doctrine that God created the world but does not interact with it. This view emphasizes the deities' transcendence.
- Theism (second definition): The doctrine God(s) is immanent in the world, yet transcends it:
- Polytheism: The belief that there is more than one god.
- Monolatry: The belief that there is more than one god, but only one of should be worshipped.
- Henotheism: The belief that there is more than one god, but one is supreme.
- Kathenotheism: The belief that there is more than one god, but only one god at a time should be worshipped. Each is supreme in turn.
- Monotheism: The belief in one god.
- Panentheism: The belief that the world is entirely contained within God, while at the same time God is something greater than just the world.
- Pantheism: The belief that the world is identical to God.
Within Polytheism there are “Hard” and “Soft” varieties. Hard polytheism views the gods as being distinct and separate beings, Soft polytheism views the gods as being subsumed into a greater whole.
Within monotheism there are exclusive and inclusive forms. Exclusive monotheism can be monistic (Judaism, Islam), dualistic (Parsis/Zoroastrian) and pluralistic (Christianity). Some forms of Hinduism and Neopaganism could be considered Inclusive monotheism.
Finally, the distinction can be made between belief in the existence of gods, and assertions about their benevolence or morality, or the belief in God as the summum bonum: see eutheism and dystheism.
Typical theistic religions are Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Zoroastrianism, Saivism, Vaishnavism, Bahá'í, and Sikhism.
Compare: Atheism, Agnosticism
See also
- Open Theism
- agnosticism
- atheism
- Freethought
- list of deists
- panentheism
- pantheism
- Transtheism
- transcendentalism
- Creation belief
- cosmology
- Biblical cosmology
- existence
- timeline of the universe
- ultimate fate of the universe
- Creation (theology)
- creationism
- creator god
- dating Creation
- young Earth creationism
- day-age creationism
- old Earth creationism
- evolutionary creationism
- gap creationism
- cosmogony
- cosmological argument
- intelligent design
- Philosophical theism