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| {{Infobox Congressman | |||
| | name =Barney Frank | |||
| | image name =Barney_Frank.jpg | |||
| | imagesize = 200px | |||
| | date of birth= {{birth date and age|1940|3|31}} | |||
| | place of birth= ] | |||
| | death_date = | |||
| | death_place = | |||
| | state = ] | |||
| | district = ] | |||
| | term_start = January 5, 1981 | |||
| | preceded = ] | |||
| | succeeded = Incumbent | |||
| | party = ] | |||
| | order2=Chairman of the ] | |||
| | term_start2=January 4, 2007 | |||
| | term_end2= | |||
| | order3 = ] of ] | |||
| | term_start3 = 1973 | |||
| | term_end3 = 1981 | |||
| | governor3 = ] | |||
| | religion = ]<ref></ref> | |||
| | alma_mater= ] <br/> ] | |||
| | spouse= | |||
| | occupation= Attorney, ] | |||
| | residence= ] | |||
| }} | |||
| '''Barnett "Barney" Frank''' (born March 31, 1940 in ]) is an American ] in the ] representing {{ushr|Massachusetts|4|}} since 1981. In 1982 he won his first buttgas full term and has been re-elected ever since by wide margins.<ref name="SSMMWOCR"> </ref> In 1987 he became the second ] ] member of the House of Representatives, and has become one of the most prominent openly gay politicians in the United States.<ref name="anniversary"/> In 2007 Frank became the chairman of the ] (when the ] won a majority in the House of Representatives). The committee oversees the housing and banking industries. | |||
| '']'' has called Frank "one of the most powerful members of Congress"<ref></ref> and "a key deal-maker, an unlikely bridge between his party’s ] base and ] ]s".<ref> </ref> President ]'s former speechwriter Josh Gottheimer stated Frank is one of the nation's "brightest and most energetic defenders of ] issues".<ref> </ref> | |||
| ==Early life== | |||
| Frank was born to a ] family in ] and was educated at ], where he resided in ] and then ], graduating in 1962. He taught undergraduates at Harvard while studying for a ], but left in 1968 before completing the degree, to become ] mayor ]'s Chief Assistant, a position he held for three years. He then served for a year as Administrative Assistant to Congressman ]. | |||
| ==Political career== | |||
| ] | |||
| In 1972 Frank was elected to the ] where he served for eight years. While a Representative he entered ] and graduated in 1977. While in state and local government, Frank taught part time at the ], the ] at Harvard and at ]. He published numerous articles on politics and public affairs, and in 1992 he published ''Speaking Frankly'', an essay on the role the Democratic Party should play in the 1990s. | |||
| In 1979, Frank became a member of the Massachusetts Bar. A year later, he ran for the ] in the 4th congressional district, hoping to succeed Father ], who had left Congress following a call by ] for ]s to withdraw from political positions. In the Democratic ] held on September 16, 1980 Frank won 51.3 percent of the vote in a four-candidate field. His nearest opponent, Arthur J. Clark, won 45.9 percent and finished almost 4,500 votes behind.<ref> </ref> As the Democratic nominee, Frank faced ] ] in the ] and won narrowly, 51.9 percent to 48.1 percent.<ref> </ref> | |||
| For his first term, Frank represented a district in the western and southern suburbs of ], anchored by ] and ]. However, in 1982, ] forced him to run against ] ], who represented a district centered on the ], including ] and ]. Although the newly configured district retained Frank's district number — the 4th — it was geographically more Heckler's district. Frank focused on Heckler's initial support for President ]'s tax cuts, and won by 20 percentage points. He has not faced credible opposition since, and has been reelected thirteen times.<ref name=Advocate /><ref name=Advocate2>{{cite web|author=Benoit Denizet-Lewis, with photographs by Henry Leutwyler|url= http://www.advocate.com/issue_story_ektid67124.asp |title=Harrumph! Barney Frank is smiling. Really. (front cover, pages 56-61)|publisher='']''|date= 01-13-09|accessdate=2008-12-11}}</ref> | |||
| ===Steve Gobie=== | |||
| In 1990, The House Ethics Committee recommended Frank be reprimanded because he "reflected discredit upon the House" by using his congressional office to fix 33 of Steve Gobie's parking tickets. Frank confirmed that he paid Gobie for sex, hired him with personal funds as an aide and wrote letters on congressional stationery on his behalf to ] ] officials, but Frank said he fired Gobie when he learned that ] clients were visiting the apartment.<ref> </ref> | |||
| The investigation into Gobie and Frank's interactions were prompted by Gobie's attempt to cash in on lies stating Frank knew and approved of Gobie's illegal activities in the Frank residence. "Two years , Gobie tried unsuccessfully to sell his story to the '']''. He then gave the story to the '']'' for nothing, in hopes of getting a book contract for the male version of The ]."<ref> </ref> After an investigation, the Ethics Committee found no evidence that Frank had known of or been involved in the alleged illegal activity and dismissed all of Gobie's more scandalous claims.<ref> , which cites the ']'', 7/27/1990, as well as the Ethics Committee's report, 7/20/1990.</ref><ref>Committee on Standards of Official Conduct, Page 37 -"In numerous instances where an assertion made by Mr. Gobie (either publicly or during his Committee deposition) was investigated for accuracy, the assertion was contradicted by third-party sworn testimony or other evidence of Mr. Gobie himself."</ref> | |||
| Attempts to expel or ] Frank, led by Republican member ] (who himself was later embroiled in his own ] ]), failed.<ref>"What to do about Barney Frank // Congress faces nasty confrontation on handling sexual misconduct", Rowland Evans, Robert Novak. ''Austin American Statesman''. Austin, Tex.: Oct 17, 1989. pg. A.8 "Word spread through the GOP cloakroom that Rep. Larry Craig of Idaho was standing firm inside the Ethics Committee."</ref><ref>"Frank reprimanded for aiding prostitute" Elaine S. Povich, '']'' Chicago, Ill.: Jul 27, 1990. pg. 4 "The ethics committee, officially known as the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct, had unanimously recommended that Frank be reprimanded and Frank did not contest the charge. But the committee was severely split, took months to make up its mind on the punishment, and during the vote Thursday three GOP members of the panel — Reps. ] of Wisconsin, Larry Craig of Idaho and ] of Utah — voted for censure, the more severe sanction."</ref> Rather, the House voted 408-18 to reprimand Frank who later won re-election in 1990 with 66 percent of the vote, and has won by larger margins ever since.<ref> </ref> | |||
| ==Political initiatives and positions== | |||
| ===LGBT issues=== | |||
| Frank has been outspoken on many ] issues, including ], ], ] and ] (]) ]. In 1987, he publicly ] as ].<ref>{{citation |title=Representative Frank Discloses He Is Homosexual | |||
| |date=May 31, 1987 |accessdate=2008-10-19 |url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B0DE4DE163AF932A05756C0A961948260 |periodical=] }}</ref> He said in a 1996 interview: "I'm used to being in the minority. I'm a ] gay Jew. I've never felt, automatically, a member of any majority." In 1995, then-Republican ] ] famously referred to Frank as "Barney ]" in a press interview. Armey apologized and said it was "a slip of the tongue". Frank did not accept Armey's explanation, saying "I turned to my own expert, my mother, who reports that in 59 years of marriage, no one ever introduced her as Elsie Fag."<ref>{{Citation| last =Rich| first =Frank| author-link =Frank Rich | title =Journal; Closet Clout | newspaper =]| date= February 2, 1995| url = http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=990CE6DF113AF931A35751C0A963958260}}</ref> | |||
| Through the 1990 Immigration Act, Frank was a major force in removing restrictions based on "] exclusion" which had been explicitly prohibited by early ] law.<ref> </ref> | |||
| In 1998, Frank founded the ], the national LGBT Democratic organization. In February 2009, Frank was one of three ] gay members of Congress, along with ] of ] and ] of ].He is a Red Soxs Fan and loves the Fenway Franks | |||
| Frank is known for his witty, self-deprecating sense of humor. He once famously quipped that he was unable to complete his review of the ] detailing President ]'s relationship with ], complaining that it was "too much reading about ] sex".<ref>{{cite web | title =Frank Part of Starr Review| publisher =]| date= 1998-09-09| url =http://www.planetout.com/news/article-print.html?1998/09/09/5 | accessdate = 2007-10-25}}</ref> In 2004 and again in 2006, a survey of Capitol Hill staffers published in '']'' gave Frank the title of the "brainiest", "funniest", and "most eloquent" member of the House.<ref> , 01 September 2006. Retrieved November 29, 2006.</ref> | |||
| Frank was accused by Rep. ] (R-]) of having a "radical ]" and responded "I do have things I would like to see adopted on behalf of LGBT people: they include the ]; the ] to defend our country; and the ].<ref name=Toobin></ref><ref name="RFOTIOPWT"/> I acknowledge that this is an agenda, but I do not think that any self-respecting ] in history would have considered advocating people's rights to get married, join the army, and earn a living as a terribly inspiring ] platform."<ref name="RFOTIOPWT"> </ref> | |||
| Frank's stance on ] gay Republicans has been called the "Frank Rule" whereby a ] person who uses their power, position, or notoriety to hurt ] people can be ].<ref></ref> The issue became relevant during the ] of 2006, during which Frank clarified his position on ]'s '']'': "I think there's a ]. But the right to privacy should not be a right to hypocrisy. And people who want to demonize other people shouldn't then be able to go home and close the door and do it themselves."<ref>{{cite web| title = "Episode Guide - episode 86"| publisher = ]| date = October 20, 2006 | url = http://www.hbo.com/billmaher/episode/2006_10_20_ep86.html| accessdate = 2008-02-26}}</ref> | |||
| ===Medical marijuana=== | |||
| In Congress, Frank is an ardent supporter of ]. He was the author of the States' Rights to Medical Marijuana Act (H.R. 2592), an attempt to stop federal government from intervening with states' medical marijuana laws.<ref></ref> Frank consistently voted for the Hinchey-Rohrabacher amendment, annually proposed by ] (R-]) and ] (D-]), that would prohibit the ] from prosecuting medical marijuana patients.<ref></ref> As of March 2008, he is trying to pass the ] (HR 5843), which would decriminalize small amounts of the drug.<ref>NJ.com, </ref> Frank commenting on legislation to remove federal criminal penalties for possession of small amounts of marijuana for personal use stated "In a ] a large degree of human activity is none of the government's business. We should make criminal what's going to hurt other people and other than that we should leave it to people to make their own choices."<ref> July 30, 2008 interview.</ref> | |||
| ===Online gambling rights=== | |||
| Frank has also partnered with ] in support of online gambling rights. In 2006, both strongly opposed H.R. 4777, the Internet Gambling Prohibition and Enforcement Act, and H.R. 4411, the Goodlatte-Leach Internet Gambling Prohibition Act.<ref></ref><ref></ref> To restore online gambling rights, in 2007 Frank sponsored H.R. 2046, the Internet Gambling Regulation and Enforcement Act.<ref></ref> This bill would have established licensing and regulation of online gaming sites. It provided for age verification and protections for compulsive gamblers. In 2008, he and Paul introduced H.R. 5767, the Payment Systems Protection Act, a bill that sought to place a moratorium on enforcement of the ] while the ] and the ] defined "unlawful Internet gambling". As a result of these efforts, Frank (who does not gamble) has become a hero to ] players and online gamblers, including many Republicans.<ref>{{Citation| last = Viser| first = Matt| title = Unlikely ace for online gambling| newspaper = ]| date = July 13, 2008| url = http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2008/07/13/unlikely_ace_for_online_gambling/?page=1}}</ref> | |||
| ===Free speech=== | |||
| In 2006, Frank was one of only three Representatives to oppose the ], which restricted protests (notably those of ]' ]) at soldiers' funerals. He opposed the bill, which passed unanimously in the Senate, on ] and ] grounds. Frank said of the vote, "I think it’s very likely to be found unconstitutional. It’s true that when you defend civil liberties you are typically defending people who do obnoxious things... You play into their hand when you let them provoke you into overdoing it. I don’t want these thugs to claim America is hypocritical."<ref>{{cite web| author=Anna Margolis, Anna | work= HubPolitics.com | url=http://www.hubpolitics.com/archives/000572.php | title=Rep. Frank Votes Against "Respect for America’s Fallen Heroes Act" | date=May 11, 2006 | accessdate = 2006-11-29}}</ref> | |||
| ===Abortion=== | |||
| Frank has a 100% rating from ].<ref> </ref> He voted against the ]<ref> </ref>, against the ]<ref> </ref> and against the criminalization of the transportation of minors across state lines by non-family members to circumvent local abortion laws.<ref> </ref> | |||
| ===Military spending=== | |||
| As of the ], Frank is advocating a 25 percent reduction in the overall ]. "The math is compelling: if we do not make reductions approximating 25 percent of the military budget starting fairly soon, it will be impossible to continue to fund an adequate level of domestic activity...," wrote Frank. He claimed that such a significant reduction would have no effect on the United States' ability to defend itself. "If," he said, "beginning one year from now, we were to cut military spending by 25 percent from its projected levels, we would still be immeasurably stronger than any combination of nations with whom we might be engaged."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thenation.com/doc/20090302/frank?rel=hp_picks |title=Cut the Military Budget |accessdate=2009-02-15 |author=Frank, Barney |date=2009-02-11 |publisher=''The Nation''}}</ref> The U.S. military budget is almost equivalent to the rest of the world's defense spending combined, and is over eight times larger than that of China, the next biggest spender.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalissues.org/Geopolitics/ArmsTrade/Spending.asp|title=World Military Spending|date=2006-03-27|accessdate=2009-02-16|publisher=Global Issues That Affect Everyone}}</ref> | |||
| ==House Financial Services Committee== | |||
| ===Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac=== | |||
| In 2003, while the ranking Democrat on the ], Frank opposed a Bush administration proposal for transferring oversight of ] and ] from Congress and the ] to a new agency that would be created within the ]. The proposal reflected the administration's belief that Congress "neither has the tools, nor the stature" for adequate oversight. Frank stated, "These two entities...are not facing any kind of financial crisis.... The more people exaggerate these problems, the more pressure there is on these companies, the less we will see in terms of ]."<ref name="query.nytimes.com">{{cite web|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E06E3D6123BF932A2575AC0A9659C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all |title=New Agency Proposed to Oversee Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae - New York Times |publisher=Query.nytimes.com |author=Stephen Labaton |date=Published: September 11, 2003 |accessdate=2008-10-05}}</ref> He clarified in 2009 that Fannie and Freddie were not in crisis at the time and many financial institutions, like ], also fell into crisis from 2003 to 2008.<ref name="FSATRA"/> | |||
| Conservative groups criticized Frank for campaign contributions totaling $42,350 between 1989 and 2008. They claim the donations from Fannie and Freddie influenced his support of their lending programs, and they blame Frank for not playing a stronger role in reforming the institutions in the years leading up to the ].<ref> </ref><ref> </ref> Frank's former partner, Herb Moses, was an executive at Fannie from 1991 to 1998, where Moses helped develop many of Fannie’s affordable housing and home improvement lending programs. In 1991, Frank pushed for reduced restrictions on two- and three-family home mortgages. During the time that Frank was in a relationship with Moses, he blocked tougher regulations on the banking companies while voting for the Government Sponsored Housing Enterprises Financial Safety and Soundness Act of 1991 and the Housing and Community Development Act of 1992.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,432501,00.html |title=FOXNews.com - Lawmaker Accused of Fannie Mae Conflict of Interest - Politics | Republican Party | Democratic Party | Political Spectrum |publisher=Foxnews.com |author=Bill Sammon |date=October 3, 2008 |accessdate=2008-10-05}}</ref> Frank and Moses' relationship ended around the same time Moses left the company.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.businessandmedia.org/articles/2008/20080924145932.aspx |title=Media Mum on Barney Frank's Fannie Mae Love Connection |publisher=Businessandmedia.org |date= |accessdate=2008-10-05}}</ref> | |||
| In a response to these criticism Frank pointed out that "during twelve years of Republican rule no reform was adopted regarding Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. In 2007, a few months after I became the Chairman, the House passed a strong reform bill; we sought to get the administration’s approval to include it in the economic stimulus legislation in January of 2008; and finally got it passed and onto President Bush’s desk in July 2008. Twelve years of Republican rule produced no reform of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. We were able to adopt it in nineteen months, and we could have done it much quicker if the administration had cooperated."<ref> September 23, 2008.</ref> In 2009 Frank again responded to what he called "wholly inaccurate efforts by Republicans to blame Democrats, and in particular" for the ] which is linked to the ].<ref name="FSATRA"/> He outlined his efforts to reform these institutions and add regulations but was thwarted by Republican efforts with the main exception a bill with Republican ] that died because of opposition from President Bush.<ref name="FSATRA"> .</ref> Once control was turned over to Democrats, Frank was able to push through the ] () and the ] () both in 2007.<ref name="FSATRA"/> Frank also pointed out the neglect of overlooking the Republican-led ] of 1999, opposed by Frank), which removed the wall between commercial and investment banks.<ref name="FSATRA"/> The statute, which repealed part of the ] of 1933, has been criticized for having contributed to the proliferation of the complex and opaque financial instruments which are at the heart of the crisis.<ref>{{cite web | |||
| | last = Ekelund | |||
| | first = Robert | |||
| | coauthors = Thornton, Mark | |||
| | publisher = Ludwig von Mises Institute | |||
| | url = http://mises.org/story/3098 | |||
| | title = More Awful Truths About Republicans | |||
| | date = 2008-09-04 | |||
| | accessdate = 2008-09-07}}</ref> | |||
| ===Chair of the House Financial Services Committee=== | |||
| ] | |||
| As ] of the ], beginning in 2007, Frank "sits at the center of power".<ref name=Advocate>John Gallagher, "Politics: A Broader Bully Pulpit: As Congress grapples with solutions for a faltering economy, Barney Frank sits at the center of power," '']'', September 9, 2008, p. 24.</ref> Frank has been a critic of aspects of the ] system, partnering with some Republicans in opposition to some policies.<ref name="nytimesmagazine">{{cite web |url= http://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/22/magazine/22Paul-t.html?ex=1186459200&en=bf8dec405a435ea7&ei=5070|title= The Antiwar, Anti-Abortion, Anti-Drug-Enforcement-Administration, Anti-Medicare Candidacy of Dr. Ron Paul|accessdate=2007-08-05 |author= Caldwell, Christopher|publisher= ''New York Times''|date= 2007-07-22}}</ref> Frank says that he and Republican Congressman ] "first bonded because we were both conspicuous nonworshipers at the Temple of the Fed and of the High Priest ].”<ref name="nytimesmagazine"/> | |||
| Frank has been involved in mortgage foreclosure bailout issues.<ref name="Loan Mod">Louise Story, "Lawmakers Debate Pitfalls of Loan Modification," ''New York Times'', November 13, 2008, p. B3, found at .</ref> In 2008 Frank supported passage of the ] intended to protect thousands of homeowners from ].<ref name=Advocate /> This law, {{USBill|110|H.R.|3221}}, was one of the most important and complex issues on which he worked.<ref name=Advocate /><ref></ref> Frank in an August 2007 op-ed piece in '']'' wrote "In the debate between those who believe in essentially ] and others who hold that ] diminishes market excesses without inhibiting their basic function, the ] unfortunately provides ammunition for the latter view."<ref> </ref> | |||
| Frank was also instrumental in the passage of {{USBill|110|H.R.|5244}}, the ] Act of 2008, a measure that drew praise from editorial boards and consumer advocates.<ref> , New York Times editorial, March 29, 2008</ref><ref> New York Times editorial, May 3, 2008</ref><ref> . Accessed August 22, 2008.</ref> | |||
| In 2007 Frank co-sponsored legislation to reform the Section 202 refinancing program, which is for affordable housing for the elderly, and Section 811 disabled programs.{{fact|date=December 2008}} Frank has been a chief advocate of the ]<ref name=Toobin />, which was created as part of the ] and was the first affordable housing program to be enacted by the Congress since 1990.<ref></ref> | |||
| ==Personal life== | |||
| Frank resides in a studio apartment complex in ]. His boyfriend, Jim Ready, 39, is a ] enthusiast whom Frank met during a gay political fund raiser in ], where Ready still lives.<ref name=Advocate2>{{cite web|author=Benoit Denizet-Lewis, with photographs by Henry Leutwyler|url=http://www.advocate.com/issue_story_ektid67124.asp |title=Harrumph! Barney Frank is smiling. Really. (front cover, pages 56-61)|publisher='']''|date= 01-13-09|accessdate=2008-12-11}}</ref> His sister, ], served as a senior adviser in ]'s 2008 presidential campaign. | |||
| Frank ] as gay in 1987, "prompted in part by increased media interest in his private life...."<ref name="anniversary">{{Citation| last = Kiritsy| first = Laura| title = Happy Anniversary, Barney Frank!| newspaper = EDGE| year = 2007| date = May 31, 2007| url = http://www.edgeboston.com/index.php?ch=news&sc=glbt&sc2=news&sc3=&id=20762}}</ref> Another Congressman from Massachusetts, ], became the first openly gay federal legislator in 1983, when it was revealed that he had had a relationship with a 17-year-old male ] a decade earlier during a ].<ref name="anniversary"/> Frank's announcement had little impact on his electoral prospects.<ref>{{Citation| last = Pierce| first = Charles P.| title = To Be Frank| newspaper = ]| year = 2005| date = Oct. 2, 2005| url = http://www.boston.com/news/globe/magazine/articles/2005/10/02/to_be_frank/}}</ref> | |||
| ==Bibliography== | |||
| * (1962) | |||
| * (1989) | |||
| * (1992) | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{reflist|2}} | |||
| * Johansson, Warren & Percy, William A. Harrington Park Press, 1994. pp. 106, 139, 143, 154, 157, 188-9, 228, 231, 235, 291 | |||
| * {{cite web |last=Rapp |first=Linda |title=Frank, Barney |work=] |year=2004 |accessdate=2007-08-16 |url=http://www.glbtq.com/social-sciences/frank_b.html}} | |||
| ==External links== | |||
| {{Wikiquote}} | |||
| {{commons}} | |||
| * U.S. House website | |||
| * Campaign website | |||
| {{CongLinks | congbio = f000339 | fec = H0MA04036 | opensecrets = N00000275 | votesmart = H1751103 | ontheissuespath = MA/Barney_Frank.htm | legistorm = | surge = | govtrack = | findagrave = }} | |||
| * at ] ] | |||
| ===Articles=== | |||
| * , ''The New Yorker'', Jan 12 2009 | |||
| * , ''The New York Times'', May 13, 2008. | |||
| * , ''The Bilerico Project'', September 28, 2007. | |||
| * , ''In These Times'', ] | |||
| * , ''Buzzflash'', July 22, 2003 | |||
| * ''Metro Weekly'', March 20, 2003. | |||
| * , ''The Hoya'', October 19, 2001. | |||
| * , ''keithboykin.com'', 1999. | |||
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Revision as of 03:54, 24 March 2009
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