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Revision as of 23:12, 29 March 2009
Racing car model | |||||
| Category | Sports car racing - Le Mans Prototype LMP1 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constructor | Audi AG (with Dallara) | ||||
| Technical specifications | |||||
| Chassis | Carbon fibre monocoque | ||||
| Suspension (front) | Double wishbone, torsion bar with separate damper, anti-roll bar | ||||
| Suspension (rear) | Double wishbone, torsion bar with separate damper, anti-roll bar | ||||
| Wheelbase | 2,980 mm (117.3 in) | ||||
| Engine | 5.5 litre V12 TDI DPF twin-turbo, mid-engined, longitudinally mounted | ||||
| Transmission | 5-speed sequential manual | ||||
| Fuel | Shell V-Power Diesel | ||||
| Tyres | Michelin | ||||
| Competition history | |||||
| Notable entrants |  Audi Sport Team Joest Audi Sport North America | ||||
| Notable drivers | Frank Biela, Marco Werner, Emanuele Pirro, Rinaldo Capello, Allan McNish, Tom Kristensen | ||||
| Debut | 2006 12 Hours of Sebring | ||||
| |||||
| Constructors' Championships | 2 (American Le Mans 2006, 2007) | ||||
| Drivers' Championships | 2 (American Le Mans 2006, 2007) | ||||
The Audi R10 TDI, usually abbreviated to R10, is a racing car from the German car manufacturer Audi. It is designed and constructed for sports car racing in the Le Mans Prototype LMP1 class of the 24 Hours of Le Mans, and other similar endurance races. The car was unveiled 13 December 2005 at 12:00 CET, and went on to win both its maiden race at the 2006 12 Hours of Sebring in March, and the June 2006 24 Hours of Le Mans.
It was the first diesel powered car to win either of those events. This is the most ambitious and the most expensive project ever undertaken by Audi Sport; the Audi R10 TDI project costs Audi $15 million a year.
Chassis
It was built to supersede the previous Audi R8 race car, a proven successful model which won five times at Le Mans since 2000, while earning a reputation as one of the most successful racing cars of all time. In later years the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO), who sets the rules for racing in the Le Mans 24 Hours, has reduced the restrictor size on the engine, and stipulated the R8 carry ballast, to make the races more competitive. In response to the new level of competition, the development of a successor was necessary.
Though it does show a strong resemblance to the previous model, it is obviously a new design. The aerodynamics package is in compliance with the new regulations. A second rollover hoop is added, and the wheelbase is lengthened to accept the new, longer V12 TDI engine. The design and aerodynamics were developed by Audi, utilising the Fondtech wind tunnel. The monocoque is built by Dallara, as well with various suppliers manufacturing all the components and subassemblies. The cars are then assembled by Audi at Ingolstadt.
Weight
At the beginning of the 2006 season, homologation rules for Le Mans Prototypes (LMP) cars were changed, for the LMP1 class, an increase in minimum weight from Template:Auto kg to Template:Auto kg was mandated. While officially this is to allow closed top prototypes to run with air-conditioning (as this would have added weight over open tops cars), some have speculated that this done at the behest of Audi to allow the R10 to be competitive.
The R10 TDI itself, as it ran during the 2006 12 Hours of Sebring was overweight at Template:Auto kg, meaning that the engineers did not have the ability to play around with the weight ballasts (which would have been used to bring the car up to minimum weight if it were lighter than 925 kg) to affect handling and balance.
Engine
Unlike most racing cars competing in the LMP1 series, the R10 is powered by a diesel engine, with two turbochargers and utilizes the Turbocharged Direct Injection (TDI) technology. The engine itself is a 5.5L V12 made of aluminium, employing common rail direct fuel injection technology. The turbochargers are supplied by Garrett Systems, with 39.9 mm (1.57 in) restrictor plates mounted in front of the intake.
The weight of this engine is a problem for Audi. The latest Audi 3.0 L V6 TDI (183 ci) weighs 220 kg (485 lb), and the 4.2 L V8 TDI 255 kg (562 lb) (256.2 ci) but their blocks are made of CGI iron. The V12 is rumoured to weigh upwards of 200 kg (441 lb); Audi engineers say that the weight per cylinder is the same as the preceding 3.6-litre FSI V8 of the Audi R8. The wheelbase has been increased over the R8 to 2,980 mm (117.3 in) to account for this. This is unfavorable against the 130 kg (287 lb) of a concurrent Judd V10, and even the 180 kg (397 lb) of the Ricardo turbodiesel prototype based on it.
The restrictor is larger than necessary, the car is rumoured to produce 700 hp (522 kW; 710 PS) in qualification, limited by the fuel combustion quality. This value couldn't be maintained in race because it could clog the particulate filter. The peak pressure in the cylinder is probably around about 200 bar, compared with 85 bar for an atmospheric petrol engine.
Diesels racing at Le Mans
Audi's decision to use a diesel engine emphasizes the commercial success of Turbocharged Direct Injection (TDI) turbodiesel engine (and its competitors) on Europe's roads. Diesels have been successfully used in other forms of racing as well, as their broad power band and fuel economy can prove advantageous, while in turn, the higher weight and lower rotational speed of the engine requiring new power transmissions are the disadvantages. The rules had to accommodate the need for a high capacity engine with a turbocharger and high boost, whereas both possibilities are no longer allowed for gasoline engines, as these had developed over 1,000 hp (746 kW; 1,014 PS) in several race series of the past.
It isn't, however, the first diesel to be raced at Le Mans. The first diesel-engined car to qualify and race at the 24 h race at Le Mans was a French entry in 1949, the first race held after the Second World War. The car was the Delettrez Diesel entered by brothers Jean and Jacques Delettrez, and was a 4395 cc 6-cylinder. It did not finish, running out of fuel about half way into the race.
Delettrez entered again in 1950, as did another diesel car, the MAP. Again, both cars did not finish due to engine problems, a cooling system leak in the case of the MAP. The MAP was interesting in that it was the first mid-engined car to race at Le Mans; the engine was located immediately behind the driver, and was a two-cylinder opposed piston two-stroke with rocking levers connected to a single crank, similar to the later Commer TS3 engine. The first diesel car to finish Le Mans was the Rover BRM in 1967.
In 2004, a Lola equipped with a Caterpillar re-badged V10 TDI ran for a few hours before breaking its clutch. Peugeot competed with its new diesel effort in 2007 in its 908 HDi FAP race car.
R10 Results
2006
On 18 March 2006, the #2 Audi R10 won the 54th annual 12 Hours of Sebring after earning pole position by setting a qualifying record. The #1 car did not finish due to an overheating problem. On the day after the Sebring victory an R10 flipped over during testing while running through Turn One. However the R10 would not complete the most of the season. The Audi R8, completed most of the season with the R10 returning to race in the different Le Mans Races (Le Mans 24 Hrs, Petit Le Mans etc.)
On 18 June 2006, the #8 Audi R10 placed first at the 2006 24 Hours of Le Mans, completing 380 laps, more than the R8 did, but less than the record set in 1971. The #7 Audi R10, which set fastest lap times in practice and race, came in third after suffering injector pump damage, completing 367 laps.
On 30 September 2006, the #2 Audi R10 won the 9th annual Petit Le Mans endurance race at Road Atlanta in Georgia. The win was seventh in a row for Audi in Petit Le Mans, but first for the R10 model. The #1 car was not running at the finish due to late race collision with another car resulting in damaged front suspension. #1 car was still classified in seventh place overall.
2007
On 17 March 2007, the #2 Audi R10 won the 55th annual 12 Hours of Sebring. The #1 car finished 2nd in its class (LMP1) and 4th overall. The R10 remained undefeated in American Le Mans Series competition until April 14, 2007 at the Long Beach Grand Prix; where it finished seventh overall to the Porsche RS Spyders of Penske and Dyson Racing. The car still won the LMP1 class.
It is undefeated at the 24 hours of Le Mans successfully defending its 2006 victory. On June 17, 2007, the #1 R10 finished first overall, overcoming the loss of two of the three team cars and defeating a new challenge from the Peugeot 908 HDi FAP diesels. The #3 Audi was put out of the race by driver error, crashing into a wall, whereas the #2 car suffered a wheel failure at approximately Template:Auto km/h and collided with a barrier. Video pictures showed the car being dropped prematurely during a prior pit stop with the wheel in question not being properly attached, but Audi's official statement is that the incident was not the fault of the pitcrew, as the car had been on track for over 50 minutes since its tires were last changed. Audi will carry out full technical analysis of this incident.
According to ACO's official data, the Audi R10 TDi reached a top speed of Template:Auto km/h on the Mulsanne Straight in the 2006 race. In 2007, while changing their pace in order to beat Peugeot, the Audi R10 TDi hit Template:Auto km/h on the Mulsanne Straight, which was faster than any other car in the race. The R10 TDi also set the best lap of the race at 3:27.176. The car seems to have managed a top speed of Template:Auto km/h in practice at Le Mans in 2007, which would be the absolute speed record of an LMP car at Le Mans (since LMP's only run from the introduction of the two Mulsanne chicanes on). At the car's official launch in Paris, 2006, the Audi R10 TDi was presented as capable of reaching a top speed in the region of Template:Auto km/h.
2008
For the 2008 season, Audi entered the Le Mans Series for the first time. Joest Racing entered two cars to compete against Peugeot's two-car entry over the five race season. Peugeot led the championships early, winning the first three races prior to the 24 Hours of Le Mans. At Le Mans, Audi won for their third consecutive time with the R10. The #2 car driven by Rinaldo Capello, Allan McNish and Tom Kristensen took the chequered flag on lap 381 ahead of the #7 Peugeot, with a margin of just over 4 minutes. The other two Audi entries finished fourth and sixth overall.
Returning to the Le Mans Series for the final two races of the year, Peugeot won once again at the Nürburgring and maintaining their lead in the championships. However, accidents for Peugeot and a win by the #1 Audi of Rinaldo Capello and Allan McNish at the Silverstone finale allowed the Audi team to win the Constructors Championship, while the #2 Audi of Mike Rockenfeller and Alexandre Prémat earned the Drivers and Teams Championships.
Audi also continued their participation in the American Le Mans Series. As in the year before, Audi fought against the Penske Racing Porsches for overall race wins, but unlike before they now had to contend with the multiple Acura teams. Porsche managed to end Audi's streak of seven straight victories at the 12 Hours of Sebring, but Audi rebounded with overall wins in the next two events. Three more overall victories were earned by Audi by time the series reached the Detroit Sports Car Challenge. Audi not only failed to win the race overall, but following a rule infraction, neither car finished in the LMP1 category. This was the first time that the Audi R10 failed to win in LMP1, and the first LMP1 loss by Audi since 2005.
2009
In the 2009 season, the R10 TDI will be replaced by the R15 TDI with a smaller, lighter, more-efficient TDI engine; however, Audi will concentrate on the 24 Hours of Le Mans and Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters (DTM; German Touring Car Masters) efforts. The new car, however, will run in the 2009 12 Hours of Sebring before preparing for Le Mans.
In early 2009, Colin Kolles announced that his TME team will run privately-entered Audi R10 TDI's in this year's 24 Heures du Mans, and possibly the Le Mans Series. The deal includes factory assistance for servicing the cars.
References
- "Audi Competes with Diesel Sports Car at Le Mans" (Press release). Audi Communication Motorsport via AudiWorld.com. 2005-12-13.
- Bill Center (2007-04-19). "San Diegan isn't discouraged about not being able to gain on rich Audi team". San Diego Union-Tribune.
- Michael J. Fuller. "2006 Audi R10". Mulsanne's Corner.
- Mulsanne's Corner News, 12.12.05, Michael J. Fuller
- Mulsanne's Corner News, 3.25.06, Michael J. Fuller
- 2006 Audi R10, Michael J. Fuller, Mulsanne's Corner, 2006
- Racing Toward Relevance, Christopher A. Sawyer, Automotive Design & Production, May 2006
- Ricardo-Judd Diesel V10, Mulsanne's Corner, 2003
- John Judd interview (2007-07-17). "Compression or Spark?". Energy Efficient Motorsport.
- 55th Annual Mobil 1 Twelve Hours of Sebring Final Race Results, IMSA, 03/17/07
- Simon Strang (2009-01-19). "Kolles to run privateer Audis in LMS". autosport.com.
External links
- Audi.com corporate website
- Audi R10 TDI
- Mulsanne's Corner's R10 dossier
- R10 technical review
- R10 close up photos
| Awards | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded byGP2 Series | Autosport Pioneering and Innovation Award 2006 |
Succeeded byHANS device |
