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| {{Current related|politician|Iranian presidential election, 2009|date=June 2009}} | {{Current related|politician|Iranian presidential election, 2009|date=June 2009}} | ||
| {{Refimprove|date=March 2009}} | {{Refimprove|date=March 2009}} | ||
| ⚫ | |||
| {{Infobox Prime Minister | {{Infobox Prime Minister | ||
| |name = Mir-Hossein Mousavi Khameneh<br><small>میرحسین موسوی خامنه</small> | |name = Mir-Hossein Mousavi Khameneh<br><small>میرحسین موسوی خامنه</small> | ||
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| ==Early life and career== | ==Early life and career== | ||
| {{expand-section}} | |||
| ] | |||
| Mir-Hossein Mousavi was born on 29 September 1941 in ], ], ], to ] (Persian: میراسماعیل موسوی), a merchant from ]. | Mir-Hossein Mousavi was born on 29 September 1941 in ], ], ], to ] (Persian: میراسماعیل موسوی), a merchant from ]. | ||
| Following his graduation from high school, Mousavi moved to ] in 1958. In the ] (now ]), he majored in ] and graduated with a ] in 1969. Later, in 1983, Mousavi specialised in traditional ]. | |||
| Mir-Hossein Mousavi was a student studying architecture during the Shah's regime at Tehran University. Two years after the revolution (1981), he was nominated as the Prime Minister by Khomeini. He was responsible, as head of the Council of Cultural Revolution, for shutting down the entire university system for four years. Starting in 1988, on the orders of Khomeini, a council was formed, with Mousavi as a member, to revise the regime's constitution to drastically increase the powers of the supreme leader.<ref>http://marzeporgohar.org/en/content/this-a-selection-not-election</ref><ref>http://www.aina.org/news/2009069125620.htm</ref> | |||
| Mousavi is married to ], a former chancellor of ] and political advisor to Iran's former President ]. | |||
| Mousavi's socialist ideology became very apparent during the 1980s when he initiated Islamic Socialist policies such as subsidized food coupons, oil coupons and converting private enterprises into government controlled entities.Mr. Mousavi was involved with the mass-executions of 1980-81, as well as the ] of over 30,000 political prisoners, who were then buried in mass graves.<ref>http://www.frontpagemag.com/readArticle.aspx?ARTID=35154</ref><ref>http://www.mehr.org/massacre_1988.htm</ref><ref>http://www.alarabiya.net/views/2009/06/12/75720.html</ref><ref>http://marzeporgohar.org/en/content/this-a-selection-not-election</ref><ref>http://www.cpgb.org.uk/worker/770/leader.html</ref><ref>http://www.kncna.org/docs/k_viewarticle.asp?date=6/10/2009</ref> | |||
| ==Premiership== | |||
| Mousavi’s parliamentary followers supported continuing islamic resistance operations in Lebanon. At the end of the Iran-Iraq war in August 1988, when Ali ], the speaker of Iran’s parliament at the time (and the current head of the powerful Assembly of Experts) suggested that Iran should accept some western help with reconstruction, Mousavi disagreed, claiming the move would betray the ideals of the revolution.{{fact}} | |||
| {{expand-section}} | |||
| Mir-Hossein Mousavi, who has a reputation for "being honest, humble and a supporter of the masses", <ref>{{cite web | |||
| |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/7e0997f4-e40f-11dd-8274-0000779fd2ac.html?nclick_check=1 | |||
| |title=Iran’s ex-PM seen as candidate | |||
| |date=January 16, 2009 | |||
| |publisher=] | |||
| }}</ref> served as the Prime Minister between 1981 and 1989. He is respected by many Iranians. Some analysts across the political spectrum praise his handling of Iran's economy and protecting the country during the ] which coincided with his premiership. He is further widely respected for his efforts to end Iran's international isolation.<ref>{{Cite web | |||
| |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/persian/iran/2009/03/090303_mg_mir_hossain_mosavi.shtml | |||
| |date=03 March 2009 | |||
| |publisher=] | |||
| |language=] | |||
| |title=Mir-Hossein: Attempt to Exit 20-year long Isolation? (میر حسین موسوی؛ تلاش برای خروج از انزوای ۲۰ ساله؟), | |||
| }}</ref> | |||
| Mousavi pioneered the ]-based economy in Iran during his premiership. | |||
| Mousavi partially favored state controls over the economy rather than free-market policies. He had also opposed ending the Iran-Iraq war, claiming that "a large portion of the masses" were indignant over the cease-fire.<ref>http://www.tehrantimes.com/Index_view.asp?code=195276</ref> | |||
| ==Past elections== | |||
| {{expand-section}} | |||
| Mousavi refused to run for ] in the 1997 elections, which caused the reformists to turn to his former Cabinet Minister, then a little-known cleric, ], who was elected by a landslide. One of the memorable tactics of the 1997 presidential election campaign was the posters containing Khatami's picture alongside Mousavi and his support for Khatami's bid, which is regarded by commentators as one major cause of the support that Khatami enjoyed amongst the ] Iranians. Mousavi's wife, ], explained in an interview {{Fact|May 2009|date=May 2009}} that the reason for him not running in the 1997 elections was some discouraging messages from "higher officials", which refer to the ] ] and/or the then President ]. During Khatami's administration, Mousavi served as the Senior Adviser to the President. | |||
| Mousavi was considered as the leading candidate of the reformist alliance to run in the ]. However, on 12 October 2004 he officially declined the proposal after a meeting with President Mohammad Khatami and the two other major members of the moderate ], ] and ]. | |||
| ==2009 presidential election== | ==2009 presidential election== | ||
| {{main|Mir-Hossein Mousavi presidential campaign, 2009}} | {{main|Mir-Hossein Mousavi presidential campaign, 2009}} | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ⚫ | After 20 years of political silence, on 9 March 2009 Mousavi announced his bid to run in the ], which has since been welcomed by many Iranians who still recall his time as Prime Minister. His intention to contest the election in June has been immensely welcomed by trade unions, labour associations, grass-roots activists on both sides of the political spectrum and working class Iranians who feel being neglected for far too long by different administrations. Mousavi is well remembered by many Iranians for managing the country during the Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988) and for his very effective steering of the country out of an economic recession. He has stated that his main goals are: to institutionalise social justice, equality and fairness, freedom of expression, to root out corruption and to speed up Iran's stagnant process of privatization and thus move Iran away from what he calls "an alms-based economy".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.presstv.com/election2009/detail.aspx?id=88106|title= Moussavi officially joins presidential fray|publisher=]|date=2009-03-10|accessdate=2009-04-13}}</ref> Mousavi poses a serious pro-reform challenge to the country's hard-line establishment and the current conservative President ] whom he has often criticized for his alleged economic mismanagement, stating that when Iran "was making profits from the high prices of oil, did he (Ahmadinejad) envisage a situation when the prices would fall?". | ||
| ] | |||
| ⚫ | After 20 years of political silence, on 9 March 2009 Mousavi announced his bid to run in the ] |
||
| ⚫ | Iranian reformers, who favour improving Iran's ties with the West and loosening social restrictions at home, view Mousavi as a viable challenge to the current conservative President Mr Mahmoud Ahmadinejad; they believe that the latter has lost popularity even among conservatives because of his perceived mishandling of the economy, his limiting of civil liberties and his perilous steering of Iran's foreign policy; some Iranians believe that his uncompromising anti-US and anti-Israel rhetoric have increased Iran's isolation and damaged Iran's standing in the world. |
||
| ⚫ | Iranian reformers, who favour improving Iran's ties with the West and loosening social restrictions at home, view Mousavi as a viable challenge to the current conservative President Mr Mahmoud Ahmadinejad; they believe that the latter has lost popularity even among conservatives because of his perceived mishandling of the economy, his limiting of civil liberties and his perilous steering of Iran's foreign policy; some Iranians believe that his uncompromising anti-US and anti-Israel rhetoric have increased Iran's isolation and damaged Iran's standing in the world. | ||
| On March 16, 2009, the former Iranian President ] withdrew from the election race in support of Mir-Hossein Mousavi.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.payvand.com/news/09/mar/1195.html|title= Khatami will soon withdraw candidacy in favor of Mousavi: source |publisher= payvand|date=2009-03-15|accessdate=2009-04-13}}</ref> | On March 16, 2009, the former Iranian President ] withdrew from the election race in support of Mir-Hossein Mousavi.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.payvand.com/news/09/mar/1195.html|title= Khatami will soon withdraw candidacy in favor of Mousavi: source |publisher= payvand|date=2009-03-15|accessdate=2009-04-13}}</ref> | ||
| ===Goals for presidential term=== | ===Goals for presidential term=== | ||
| Mousavi has on numerous occasions indicated his wish to change the constitution whereby to remove the existing ban on the private owership of television stations (currently all Iranian television stations are state-owned), as well as transfer the control of the law-enforcement forces to the President (so that they represent the people, since the people directly elect the President through popular vote) from the Supreme Leader.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.presstv.com/election2009/detail.aspx?id=90057|title= Mousavi backs private TV, urges change recognition|publisher= ]|date=2009-03-31|accessdate=2009-04-13}}</ref> He has said that "the issue of non-compliance with the Iranian rules and regulations is the biggest problem that the country is currently faced with" and that he wishes to put in place ways to enforce the laws further,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.presstv.com/election2009/detail.aspx?id=90375|title= Moussavi warns against governmental cover-up|publisher= ]|date=2009-04-03|accessdate=2009-04-13}}</ref> | Mousavi has on numerous occasions indicated his wish to change the constitution whereby to remove the existing ban on the private owership of television stations (currently all Iranian television stations are state-owned), as well as transfer the control of the law-enforcement forces to the President (so that they represent the people, since the people directly elect the President through popular vote) from the Supreme Leader.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.presstv.com/election2009/detail.aspx?id=90057|title= Mousavi backs private TV, urges change recognition|publisher= ]|date=2009-03-31|accessdate=2009-04-13}}</ref> He has said that "the issue of non-compliance with the Iranian rules and regulations is the biggest problem that the country is currently faced with" and that he wishes to put in place ways to enforce the laws further,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.presstv.com/election2009/detail.aspx?id=90375|title= Moussavi warns against governmental cover-up|publisher= ]|date=2009-04-03|accessdate=2009-04-13}}</ref> and that it is also important to bring an end to keeping people in the dark about government matters. | ||
| ===Outcome of Election=== | ===Outcome of Election=== | ||
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| ==Platform== | ==Platform== | ||
| ]]] | ]]] | ||
| ===Domestic policies=== | ===Domestic policies=== | ||
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| |title=Iran candidate Mousavi backs women's rights | |title=Iran candidate Mousavi backs women's rights | ||
| |publisher=] | |publisher=] | ||
| ⚫ | |date=May 31 2009}}</ref> | ||
| |date=May 31 2009}}</ref> This is while he is accused {{by whom?}} of previous involvement in mass execution of political prisoners and the shutting down the university system for 4 years in in order to repress any student uprising. | |||
| He asked for ]'s support in his campaign. He also welcomed ]'s presence. Mousavi has criticized distributing "free potato" to people by the government, and called it a clear violation of law. | He asked for ]'s support in his campaign. He also welcomed ]'s presence. Mousavi has criticized distributing "free potato" to people by the government, and called it a clear violation of law. | ||
| Mousavi denied the claims that his candidacy is per request of ], and asserted he had not sought Khamenei's approval beforehand. Some had claimed that his candidacy was a means to stop the other reformist hopeful, former President Mohammad Khatami, from proceeding with his candidacy. | Mousavi denied the claims that his candidacy is per request of ], and asserted he had not sought Khamenei's approval beforehand. Some had claimed that his candidacy was a means to stop the other reformist hopeful, former President Mohammad Khatami, from proceeding with his candidacy. | ||
| Line 109: | Line 125: | ||
| === Foreign policies === | === Foreign policies === | ||
| ⚫ | Mousavi has directly addressed activating foreign policy to boost national interest by reducing tensions with other nations. This includes negotiating with U.S. President ] if "his actions are in keeping with his words".<ref name=spiegelApril>{{cite web | ||
| Back at the time when Mousavi was the Prime Minister -- when this office existed as the actual head of the cabinet in the 1980s - under whose direction Islamic Revolutionary Guards entered Lebanon in huge numbers and laid the framework for today's Lebanese Hezbollah and established the IRI's hold on Lebanon, for the purpose of militarily engaging and destroying Israel. | |||
| In 1981 in the magazine Payameh Enghelab Mousavi stated that “We are ready to participate within an armed force to fight Israel… We have repeatedly announced that we are ready to have an actual, real and military presence in Southern Lebanon and on the borders of the occupied Palestinian lands…we believe that with the support of the popular forces in Lebanon we shall be able to gradually find effective and powerful bases in the area for fighting Israel …we believe if the flow of oil in Muslim Lands is in the hands of Muslims and if the ideology of Islam controls the opening or closing of the oil valves we shall be able to bring the World Arrogance to its knees, to strike Israel and to destroy it.”<ref>http://marzeporgohar.org/en/content/this-a-selection-not-election</ref> | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| |url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,622225,00.html | |url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,622225,00.html | ||
| |title=The Answer To Ahmadinejad | |title=The Answer To Ahmadinejad | ||
| Line 119: | Line 131: | ||
| |date= 04/27/2009 | |date= 04/27/2009 | ||
| }}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
| His other notable assertions were when he called Ahmadinejad's approach to the issue of Holocaust a wrong one. Mousavi condemned the killing of Jews in the Holocaust |
His other notable assertions were when he called Ahmadinejad's approach to the issue of Holocaust a wrong one. Mousavi condemned the killing of Jews in the Holocaust, a much different stance than Ahmadinejad.<ref name=foxApril06 /> | ||
| {{commonscat}} | {{commonscat}} | ||
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| Mir-Hossein Mousavi Khameneh میرحسین موسوی خامنه | |
|---|---|
 Mousavi in 2009. | |
| Prime Minister of Iran | |
| In office 31 October 1981 – 3 August 1989 | |
| President | Ali Khamenei |
| Leader | Ruhollah Khomeini Ali Khamenei |
| Preceded by | Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani (Acting) |
| Succeeded by | Position abolished |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1941-09-29) 29 September 1941 (age 83) Khameneh, Iran |
| Political party | Independent |
| Spouse | Zahra Rahnavard |
| Alma mater | Shahid Beheshti University |
Mir-Hossein Mousavi Khameneh (میرحسین موسوی خامنه) (born 29 September 1941) is an Iranian reformist politician, painter and architect who served as the fifth and last Prime Minister of the Islamic republic of Iran from 1981 to 1989. Mousavi is currently the president of the Iranian Academy of Arts and was candidate for the 2009 presidential election.
He was the last Prime Minister in Iran before the constitutional changes which removed the post of prime minister. Before that, he was the Minister of Foreign Affairs. He is also a member of the Expediency Discernment Council and the High Council of Cultural Revolution. However, as of 2009, he has not participated in their meetings for a long time which is interpreted by political analysts and commentators as a sign of his disapproval. Mousavi holds a Masters degree in Architecture from Shahid Beheshti University. In the early years of the revolution, Mousavi was the Editor-in-Chief of the official newspaper of the Islamic Republic Party, the Jomhouri-e Eslami (Islamic Republic) newspaper.
Early life and career
 | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. |
Mir-Hossein Mousavi was born on 29 September 1941 in Khameneh, East Azarbaijan, Iran, to Mir-Esma'il Mousavi (Persian: میراسماعیل موسوی), a merchant from Tabriz.
Following his graduation from high school, Mousavi moved to Tehran in 1958. In the National University of Tehran (now Shahid Beheshti University), he majored in architecture and graduated with a BA in 1969. Later, in 1983, Mousavi specialised in traditional Islamic architecture.
Mousavi is married to Zahra Rahnavard, a former chancellor of Alzahra University and political advisor to Iran's former President Mohammad Khatami.
Premiership
| This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. |
Mir-Hossein Mousavi, who has a reputation for "being honest, humble and a supporter of the masses", served as the Prime Minister between 1981 and 1989. He is respected by many Iranians. Some analysts across the political spectrum praise his handling of Iran's economy and protecting the country during the Iran-Iraq War which coincided with his premiership. He is further widely respected for his efforts to end Iran's international isolation.
Mousavi pioneered the bond-based economy in Iran during his premiership.
Past elections
| This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. |
Mousavi refused to run for President in the 1997 elections, which caused the reformists to turn to his former Cabinet Minister, then a little-known cleric, Mohammad Khatami, who was elected by a landslide. One of the memorable tactics of the 1997 presidential election campaign was the posters containing Khatami's picture alongside Mousavi and his support for Khatami's bid, which is regarded by commentators as one major cause of the support that Khatami enjoyed amongst the working-class Iranians. Mousavi's wife, Zahra Rahnavard, explained in an interview that the reason for him not running in the 1997 elections was some discouraging messages from "higher officials", which refer to the Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei and/or the then President Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani. During Khatami's administration, Mousavi served as the Senior Adviser to the President.
Mousavi was considered as the leading candidate of the reformist alliance to run in the Iranian presidential election, 2005. However, on 12 October 2004 he officially declined the proposal after a meeting with President Mohammad Khatami and the two other major members of the moderate Association of Combatant Clerics, Mehdi Karroubi and Mohammad Mousavi-Khoiniha.
2009 presidential election
Main article: Mir-Hossein Mousavi presidential campaign, 2009
After 20 years of political silence, on 9 March 2009 Mousavi announced his bid to run in the 2009 Iranian presidential election, which has since been welcomed by many Iranians who still recall his time as Prime Minister. His intention to contest the election in June has been immensely welcomed by trade unions, labour associations, grass-roots activists on both sides of the political spectrum and working class Iranians who feel being neglected for far too long by different administrations. Mousavi is well remembered by many Iranians for managing the country during the Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988) and for his very effective steering of the country out of an economic recession. He has stated that his main goals are: to institutionalise social justice, equality and fairness, freedom of expression, to root out corruption and to speed up Iran's stagnant process of privatization and thus move Iran away from what he calls "an alms-based economy". Mousavi poses a serious pro-reform challenge to the country's hard-line establishment and the current conservative President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad whom he has often criticized for his alleged economic mismanagement, stating that when Iran "was making profits from the high prices of oil, did he (Ahmadinejad) envisage a situation when the prices would fall?".
Iranian reformers, who favour improving Iran's ties with the West and loosening social restrictions at home, view Mousavi as a viable challenge to the current conservative President Mr Mahmoud Ahmadinejad; they believe that the latter has lost popularity even among conservatives because of his perceived mishandling of the economy, his limiting of civil liberties and his perilous steering of Iran's foreign policy; some Iranians believe that his uncompromising anti-US and anti-Israel rhetoric have increased Iran's isolation and damaged Iran's standing in the world.
On March 16, 2009, the former Iranian President Khatami withdrew from the election race in support of Mir-Hossein Mousavi.
Goals for presidential term
Mousavi has on numerous occasions indicated his wish to change the constitution whereby to remove the existing ban on the private owership of television stations (currently all Iranian television stations are state-owned), as well as transfer the control of the law-enforcement forces to the President (so that they represent the people, since the people directly elect the President through popular vote) from the Supreme Leader. He has said that "the issue of non-compliance with the Iranian rules and regulations is the biggest problem that the country is currently faced with" and that he wishes to put in place ways to enforce the laws further, and that it is also important to bring an end to keeping people in the dark about government matters.
Outcome of Election
The election was held on June 12, 2009. Early results showed Ahmadinejad winning by a landslide, though Mousavi and many others refuse to believe it, suggesting that the Interior Minister, held by Sadegh Mahsouli, an ally of Ahmadinejad, interfered with the election and distorted the votes, to keep Ahmadinejad in power . Mousavi has claimed victory, and called for his supporters to celebrate it. Electoral results must be confirmed by the Guardian Council, a panel of senior Islamic clergymen led by Ali Khamenei .
Platform
Domestic policies
In his first press conference since the start of Iranian New Year in March 2009, Mousavi stated his policies on how he will govern the country. Among his policies are creation of a free environment for the flow of information and corrections to the national budget. He wants to promote the creation of private, non-governmental TV networks and stop the operation of the "Moral Police". He has spoken about his opposition to massive changes in ministries compared to what he claims Ahmadinejad has done. Regarding the Iranian nuclear program, his plan includes reducing the cost by opposing radical approaches while maintaining what he sees as Iran's right.
He has also vowed to review laws that discriminate against women in Iran if he wins the upcoming election. He has stated that he would seek to disband the so called morality police force of Iran and make sure that women in Iran are treated equally, have the ability to attain financial empowerment and highest levels of decision making bodies.
He asked for Khatami's support in his campaign. He also welcomed Karoubi's presence. Mousavi has criticized distributing "free potato" to people by the government, and called it a clear violation of law.
Mousavi denied the claims that his candidacy is per request of Supreme Leader Khamenei, and asserted he had not sought Khamenei's approval beforehand. Some had claimed that his candidacy was a means to stop the other reformist hopeful, former President Mohammad Khatami, from proceeding with his candidacy.
Foreign policies
Mousavi has directly addressed activating foreign policy to boost national interest by reducing tensions with other nations. This includes negotiating with U.S. President Barack Obama if "his actions are in keeping with his words". His other notable assertions were when he called Ahmadinejad's approach to the issue of Holocaust a wrong one. Mousavi condemned the killing of Jews in the Holocaust, a much different stance than Ahmadinejad.
References
- "Iran's ex-PM seen as candidate". FT. January 16, 2009.
- "Mir-Hossein: Attempt to Exit 20-year long Isolation? (میر حسین موسوی؛ تلاش برای خروج از انزوای ۲۰ ساله؟)," (in Persian). BBC. 03 March 2009.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - "Moussavi officially joins presidential fray". PressTV. 2009-03-10. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
- "Khatami will soon withdraw candidacy in favor of Mousavi: source". payvand. 2009-03-15. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
- "Mousavi backs private TV, urges change recognition". PressTV. 2009-03-31. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
- "Moussavi warns against governmental cover-up". PressTV. 2009-04-03. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
- ^ "Iran Election In Dispute as 2 Candidates Claim Victory". Washington Post. 2009-06-13.
- Etemad Melli Newspaper, no. 887, pp. 1–2, Saturday April 7, 2009 http://www.roozna.com
{{citation}}: Check date values in:|year=,|date=, and|year=/|date=mismatch (help); Missing or empty|title=(help)CS1 maint: year (link) - ^ "The Answer To Ahmadinejad". Spiegel. 04/27/2009.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - "Mousavi backs private TV, urges change recognition". PressTV. 31 March 2009.
- "Mousavi: Moral police, provincial visits irrelevant". PressTV. April 09 2009.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ "Iran's Reform Candidate, Mir Hossein Mousavi, Says Open to U.S. Negotiations". Fox News. April 06 2009.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - "Iran candidate Mousavi backs women's rights". BBC News. May 31 2009.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help)
External links
- Vote for Change - Vote for Mir Hossein Mousavi, a promotional video by a number of Iranian motion-picture celebrities, including Dariush Mehrjoui, Kiumars Pourahmad, Manijeh Hekmat, Masoud Kimiai and Mohsen Makhmalbaf: YouTube (9 min 54 sec). http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20090613/ap_on_re_mi_ea/ml_iran_election
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded byMohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani Acting |
Prime Minister of Iran 1981 – 1989 |
Succeeded byPosition abolished |