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| {{mergefrom|Giv'at Herzl|discuss=Talk:Abu Kabir#Merger proposal|date=October 2009}} | {{mergefrom|Giv'at Herzl|discuss=Talk:Abu Kabir#Merger proposal|date=October 2009}} | ||
| '''Abu Kabir''' ({{lang-he-n|אבו כביר}}) ({{lang-ar|ابو كبير}}), also known officially as '''Givat Herzl''' ({{lang-he-n|גבעת הרצל}}, lit. ]'s hill), is a neighborhood located in the southern part of ], ]. |
'''Abu Kabir''' ({{lang-he-n|אבו כביר}}) ({{lang-ar|ابو كبير}}), also known officially as '''Givat Herzl''' ({{lang-he-n|גבעת הרצל}}, lit. ]'s hill), is a neighborhood located in the southern part of ], ]. http://www.tourism.gov.il/Tourism_Euk/Destinations/Tel+Aviv/General+Info+-+Tel+Aviv.htm It contains an ancient Jewish ] which was looted mainly during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. <ref>http://www.khm.uio.no/utstillinger/doedskult/deadclassic/text_15.html</ref>. Abu Kabir was formerly an eastern suburb of Jaffa. | ||
| ==History== | ==History== | ||
Revision as of 22:07, 13 October 2009
 | It has been suggested that Giv'at Herzl be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since October 2009. |
Abu Kabir (Template:Lang-he-n) (Template:Lang-ar), also known officially as Givat Herzl (Template:Lang-he-n, lit. Herzl's hill), is a neighborhood located in the southern part of Tel Aviv, Israel. http://www.tourism.gov.il/Tourism_Euk/Destinations/Tel+Aviv/General+Info+-+Tel+Aviv.htm It contains an ancient Jewish necropolis which was looted mainly during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. . Abu Kabir was formerly an eastern suburb of Jaffa.
History
East of Jaffa in Ottoman-era Palestine, Abu Kabir was founded by Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt in 1834, after he captured Jaffa from the Ottomans. Originally called Sakhanat Abu Kabir, it was populated largely by Egyptians from the village of Tall al Kabir (or Tel Abu Kabir), who named it for their hometown.
In 1871, the French archeologist Charles Simon Clermont-Ganneau visited Abu Kabir, and discovered ancient Jewish tombstones found by the locals when quarrying building stone. He identified the area as the Jewish necropolis of Joppa. The Jewish tombs have been dated to the 1st-3rd centuries AD. Most of the necropolis is now in the area of the Russian Orthodox Saint Peter's Church compound. The ancient Jewish necropolis was looted mainly during the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
The Biluim, "the first Zionist pioneers", set up a "commune" among the orange and lemon groves of the Abu Kabir neighborhood between 1882 and 1884.
1947-1948 war
The neighborhood of Abu Kabir was situated on the main road from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem and Rishon Lezion.
On 30th November 1947, the day after the UN voted on the Partition Plan, an Arab mob in Abu Kabir attacked a car with Jewish passengers, killing all three. Jewish retaliatory strikes followed. On 2nd December the Haganah's Kiryati Brigade blew up an Arab house in Abu Kabir, and the IZL torched several buildings four days later, killing at least two persons.
On the night of 12-13 February 1948, the Haganah struck simultaniously at Abu Kabir, Jibalia, Tel a-Rish and the village of Yazur. At Abu Kabir 13 Arabs were killed, including the Mukhtar, and 22 injured. A second major attack on Abu Kabir was launched on 13 March. By this time the neighborhood was mostly abandoned by its inhabitants and was guarded by a few dozen militiamen. The objective was "the destruction of the Abu Kabir neighborhood". This was the first attack in which the Yishuv-produced Davidka mortars were used. These mortars while very inaccurate were very loud and had a demoralizing effect claimed to have reached "as far as Gaza".
Today
The former village of Abu Kabir is located in a green space to the east of Jaffa, in an area that includes a sabil (Sabil Abu Nabbut), a zoo and the Russian Church. This area is now a part of greater Tel Aviv, and is officially known as Giv'at Herzl. Also in the area are the Tel Aviv Detention Facility, known as the Abu Kabir Prison, and the L. Greenberg Institute of Forensic Medicine also known colloquially as the "Abu Kabir Forensic Institute".
Landmarks and institutions from the historic neighborhood
- Sabil Abu Nabbut. Ottoman-era public fountain.
- Russian Orthodox Church of Saint Peter. Also known as "the Russian Church".
References
- http://www.khm.uio.no/utstillinger/doedskult/deadclassic/text_15.html
- Michael Dumper and Bruce E. Stanley, Cities of the Middle East and North Africa: a historical encyclopedia, ISBN 1576079198, 2006, p. 200
- Tel Aviv-Jaffa, Israel Tourism
- Avneri, Aryeh L., The claim of dispossession: Jewish land-settlement and the Arabs, 1878-1948, p. 14, retrieved 2009-10-13
- Clermont-ganneau, Charles Simon, Archaeological Researches in Palestine 1873-1874, p. 3, retrieved 2009-10-12
- http://www.khm.uio.no/utstillinger/doedskult/deadclassic/text_15.html
- LeVine, Mark (2005). Overthrowing geography: Jaffa, Tel Aviv, and the struggle for Palestine, 1880-1948 (Illustrated ed.). University of California Press. p. p. 38. ISBN 0520239946, 9780520239944.
{{cite book}}:|page=has extra text (help); Check|isbn=value: invalid character (help) - ^ Morris, Benny (2004), The birth of the Palestinian refugee problem revisited, p. 110, retrieved 2009-10-11
- Israel and the Palestinian territories: the rough guide
- Yael Cohen, Identifying dead, comforting the survivors at Abu Kabir, Cleveland Jewish News, 27 September 2002
- Yael Cohen, Identifying dead, comforting the survivors at Abu Kabir, Cleveland Jewish News, 27 September 2002
- Judy Siegel, Foreign experts to inspect Abu Kabir forensic institute, Jerusalem Post, 28 December 2000
32°03′N 34°46′E / 32.050°N 34.767°E / 32.050; 34.767
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