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* ] is a major wizard in the world of ], which was created by ] and ]. * ] is a major wizard in the world of ], which was created by ] and ].
* ], ], ], ], and all other non-] male characters from ]'s '']'' and its sequels. (The females are ]es). * ], ], ], ], and all other non-] male characters from ]'s '']'' and its sequels. (The females are ]es).
* ] is a Wizard up for hire for investigating crimes the Dresden File books by Jim Butcher
* Henrot, Necross the Mad, the Flame Jewel Wizard, and Charles X. Claremont are all wizards in the ] universe. * Henrot, Necross the Mad, the Flame Jewel Wizard, and Charles X. Claremont are all wizards in the ] universe.
* ] ("a dealer in magic and spells") - the eponymous ] of ]'s ], who also features in two books by ]. * ] ("a dealer in magic and spells") - the eponymous ] of ]'s ], who also features in two books by ].

Revision as of 06:20, 24 December 2005

For other uses, see Wizard (fantasy) (disambiguation).
File:Mckellen gandalf ttt poster.jpg
Gandalf, from The Lord of the Rings, is an example of a well-known, traditional literary wizard.

A wizard is a practitioner of magic, especially in folklore, fantasy fiction, and fantasy role-playing games. In popular use during 16th century England, "wizard' was used to denote a helpful male folk magican, a cunning man as they were usually called. The word does not generally apply to Neopagans, or to stage magicians (or illusionists).

Etymology

During the 15th century, the term "wizard" referred to "philosopher, sage", from Middle English wysard (from wys "wise" and the -ard suffix also in drunkard etc.) The semantic restriction to "sorcerer, magician" occurred in the 16th century. They have historical roots in the Shamans and the Magi.

Derived Uses

Colloquially, anyone who is especially adept at some obscure or difficult endeavor may be referred to as a wizard. For instance, someone who is particularly skilled with computers might be referred to as a "programming wizard". Wizard is also a slang term for an expert pinball player (cf. The Who's song Pinball Wizard). (However, normal usage applies more specialized superlatives to specific fields of endeavor, thus a musician is more likely to be called a "maestro" than a "wizard").

In MUD games, a wizard is a member of the world-building staff.

Related terms

During the Christianization of Norway, King Olaf Trygvasson had wizards (seidmen) tied up and left on a skerry at ebb.

In most cases there is little to differentiate a wizard from similar fictional and folkloric practitioners of magic such as an enchanter, a magician, a sorcerer, a necromancer, or a thaumaturgist, but specific authors and works use the names with narrower meanings. When such distinctions are made, sorcerers are more often practitioners of evocations or black magic, and there may be variations on level and type of power associated with each name.

The ever-shifting chaos of fantasy writing has, of course, muddled the meaning of each term, but they should never be stuck with a single meaning, for they change depending upon where they're found.

Dungeons & Dragons Third Edition, for example, distinguishes between the sorcerer and wizard character classes as follows:

  • "Sorcerers create magic the way poets create poems, with inborn talent honed by practice."
  • "Wizards depend on intensive study to create their magic... For a wizard, magic is not a talent but a deliberate rewarding art."

Steve Pemberton's The Times & Life of Lucifer Jones describes the distinction thus: "The difference between a wizard and a sorcerer is comparable to that between, say, a lion and a tiger, but wizards are acutely status-conscious, and to them, it's more like the difference between a lion and a dead kitten."

In Terry Pratchett's Discworld books, "wizard" has essentially the common usage meaning, while a sourcerer is a wizard squared (an eighth son of an eighth son of an eighth son) and is a "source of magic" who can create new spells and is immensely more powerful.

Myths and Legends

Wizards found in old fairy tales and myths include:

Fiction

A fantasy Wizard
A fantasy Wizard
File:Dumbeldore1.png
Albus Dumbledore, from the Harry Potter series, is another famous literary wizard.

Famous wizards in folklore and fantasy fiction (sometimes both) include:

File:Tim the enchanter.jpg
Tim the Enchanter (John Cleese) from Monty Python and the Holy Grail

The eponymous character of L. Frank Baum's The Wonderful Wizard of Oz is a stage magician pretending to be a genuine wizard; in the 1939 movie version the wizard was also a fake. However, in later Oz stories, he studies magic with Glinda and becomes a genuine wizard. See Wizard (Oz).

In some fictional and game settings, wizard or a similar term is the name for a "race" or species, not just a job description. For example:

"Real-Life" Wizards

In history, there have been several real people who are popularly believed, or who claimed to be, wizards, sorcerers, etc. Examples include:

  • Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa a magician, occult writer, and an alchemist.
  • Aleister Crowley is a controversial figure, the most famous "modern wizard," who is believed to have coined the alternate spelling, "magick."
  • John Dee, whose magical powers were said to come from angels.
  • John Diamond, and his granddaughter, Molly Pitcher, were supposed to have the ability to foretell the future and help (or doom) sailors at sea.
  • Gerald Fitzgerald, the Earl of Desmond, was said to be a shapeshifter wizard, whose spirit is said to still haunt the living.
  • Nicholas Flamel, though he is really more of an alchemist.
  • Michael Scot may have been fictional, though those who claim his reality say he could do amazing feats by conversing with spirits.

References

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