| Revision as of 14:10, 18 October 2009 editNono64 (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers96,246 editsm →See also: merosity← Previous edit | Revision as of 19:41, 3 December 2009 edit undo92.233.16.239 (talk)No edit summaryNext edit → | ||
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| ]s are often found in vapour phase.]] | ]s are often found in vapour phase.]] | ||
| A '''dimer''' is a ] or ] entity consisting of two structurally similar subunits called ]s, which are joined by bonds, which can be strong or weak. | A '''dimer''' is a ] or ] entity consisting of two structurally similar subunits called ]s, which are joined by bonds, which can be strong or weak. | ||
| The Dimery family live in england and they are spread all over england they used to own gloustershire and are the best family in the world !!! from ellie xxx | |||
| == Organic chemistry == | == Organic chemistry == | ||
| ] although this might not be readily apparent on initial inspection]] ] dimers are often formed by the reaction of two identical compounds e.g.: 2A → A-A. In this example, ] "A" is said to dimerise to give the dimer "A-A". An example is ]s, which dimerise to give ]s: | ] although this might not be readily apparent on initial inspection]] ] dimers are often formed by the reaction of two identical compounds e.g.: 2A → A-A. In this example, ] "A" is said to dimerise to give the dimer "A-A". An example is ]s, which dimerise to give ]s: | ||
Revision as of 19:41, 3 December 2009
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A dimer is a chemical or biological entity consisting of two structurally similar subunits called monomers, which are joined by bonds, which can be strong or weak. The Dimery family live in england and they are spread all over england they used to own gloustershire and are the best family in the world !!! from ellie xxx
Organic chemistry
Molecular dimers are often formed by the reaction of two identical compounds e.g.: 2A → A-A. In this example, monomer "A" is said to dimerise to give the dimer "A-A". An example is Diaminocarbenes, which dimerise to give tetraaminoethylenes:
- 2 C(NR2)2 → (R2N)2C=C(NR2)2
Acetic acid forms a dimer in the gas phase, the monomer units are held together by hydrogen bonds. Under special conditions, most OH-containing molecules form dimers, e.g. the water dimer.
Dicyclopentadiene is a unsymmetrical dimer of two cyclopentadiene molecules have reacted to give the product. Upon heating, it "cracks" to give identical monomers:
- C10H12 → 2 C5H6
The term homodimer is used when the two molecules are identical (e.g. A-A) and heterodimer when they are not (e.g. A-B). The reverse of dimerisation is often called dissociation.
Biochemistry
In biochemistry and molecular biology, dimers of macromolecules like proteins and nucleic acids are often observed. The dimerization of identical subunits is called homodimerization; the dimerization of different subunits or unrelated monomers is called heterodimerization. Most dimers in biochemistry are not connected by covalent bonds with the exception of disulfide bridges. An example of this would be the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which is made of two different amino acid chains.
Examples
Plants
Dimerous refer to plants with organ arrangement based on the number 2, see : merosity.
See also
- di, a prefix
- -mer, a suffix
- Dimer model
References
- "IUPAC "Gold Book" definition". Retrieved 2009-04-30.
- "Structure-Activity Relationships of - 3'-spiro-5' '-(4' '-amino-1' ',2' '-oxathiole-2' ',2' '-dioxide)thymine Derivatives as Inhibitors of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Dimerization". J. Med. Chem. 49 (16): 4834–4841. 2006. doi:10.1021/jm0604575.
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