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| G\'day mate. Thats not a knife. Throw some more shrimp on the barby. | |||
| {{otheruses}} | |||
| {{Infobox Australia}}<!--PLEASE USE AUSTRALIAN ENGLISH THROUGHOUT THIS ARTICLE--> | |||
| The '''Commonwealth of Australia''' is a country in the ] comprising the world's smallest ] and a number of islands in the ], ] and ]s. Australia's neighbouring countries are ], ] and ] to the north, the ], ] and ] to the northeast, and ] to the southeast. | |||
| The continent of Australia has been inhabited for over 40,000 years by ]. After sporadic visits by fishermen from the north and by ]an explorers and merchants starting in the 17th century, the eastern half of the continent was claimed by the British in 1770 and officially settled as the ] of ] on ] ]. As the population grew and new areas were explored, another five largely self-governing ] were successively established over the course of the 19th century. | |||
| On ] ], the six colonies ] and the Commonwealth of Australia was formed. Since federation, Australia has maintained a stable ] political system and remains a ]. The current population of around 20.4 million is concentrated mainly in the large coastal cities of ], ], ], ] and ]. | |||
| == Origin and history of the name == | |||
| The name Australia is derived from the ] ''australis'', meaning ''southern''. Legends of an "unknown southern land" ('']'') date back to the Roman times and were commonplace in mediæval geography, but they were not based on any actual knowledge of the continent. The Dutch adjectival form ''Australische'' ("Australian," in the sense of "southern") was used by Dutch officials in ] to refer to the newly discovered land to the south as early as 1638. The first ] writer to use the word "Australia" was ] in ''An Historical Collection of Voyages and Discoveries in the South Pacific Ocean'', published in 1771. He used the term to refer to the entire South Pacific region, not specifically to the Australian continent. In 1793, ] and ] published ''Zoology and Botany of New Holland'', in which they wrote of "the vast island, or rather continent, of Australia, Australasia or ]." | |||
| ], taken from the South Head, from ''A Voyage to Terra Australis''. ] was established on this site.]] | |||
| The name "Australia" was popularised by the 1814 work ''A Voyage to Terra Australis'' by the navigator ]. Despite its title, which reflected the view of the Admiralty, Flinders used the word "Australia" in the book, which was widely read and gave the term general currency. Governor ] of ] subsequently used the word in his dispatches to ]. In 1817 he recommended that it be officially adopted. In 1824, the British Admiralty agreed that the continent should be known officially as Australia. | |||
| The word "Australia" in ] is ] as either {{IPA|/ə.ˈstɹæɪ.ljə/}}, {{IPA|/ə.ˈstɹæɪ.liː.ə/}} or {{IPA|/ə.ˈstɹæɪ.jə/}}. | |||
| == History == | |||
| {{main|History of Australia}} | |||
| ] charted the East coast of Australia on ], claiming the land for Britain in 1770. This replica was built in ] in 1988 for Australia's bicentenary.]] | |||
| The first human habitation of Australia is estimated to have occurred between 42,000 and 48,000 years ago.{{ref|Gillespie2002}} The first Australians were the ancestors of the current ]; they arrived via land bridges and short sea-crossings from present-day ]. Most of these people were ]s, with a complex oral culture and spiritual values based on reverence for the land and a belief in the ]. The ], ethnically ]n, inhabited the ] and parts of far-north ]; they possess distinct cultural practices from the Aborigines. | |||
| The first undisputed recorded European sighting of the Australian continent was made by the Dutch navigator ], who sighted the coast of ] in 1606. During the 17th century, the Dutch charted the whole of the western and northern coastlines of what they called ], but made no attempt at settlement. In 1770, ] sailed along and mapped the east coast of Australia, which he named ] and claimed for Britain. The expedition's discoveries provided impetus for the establishment of a ] there following the loss of the American colonies that had previously filled that role. | |||
| ], ] was Australia's largest penal colony.]] | |||
| The British ] of New South Wales started with the establishment of a settlement at ] by Captain ] on ] ]. This date was later to become Australia's national day, ]. ], now known as ], was settled in 1803 and became a separate colony in 1825. Britain formally claimed the western part of Australia in 1829. Separate colonies were created from parts of New South Wales: ] in 1836, ] in 1851, and ] in 1859. The ] (NT) was founded in 1863 as part of the Province of South Australia. Victoria and South Australia were founded as "free colonies" — that is, they were never penal colonies, although the former did receive some convicts from Tasmania. Western Australia was also founded "free", but later accepted transported convicts due to an acute labour shortage. The transportation of convicts to Australia was phased out between 1840 and 1868. | |||
| The ] population, estimated at about 350,000 at the time of European settlement,{{ref|Smith1980}} declined steeply for 150 years following settlement, mainly because of infectious disease, and forced migration, the ] and other colonial government policies, that some historians and Indigenous Australians have argued could be considered to constitute ] by today's understanding.{{ref|Tatz1999}} Such interpretations of Aboriginal history are disputed by some as being exaggerated or fabricated for political or ideological reasons.{{ref|Wind2001}} Following the ], the Federal government gained the power to implement policies and make laws with respect to Aborigines. Traditional ownership of land — ] — was not recognised until the ] case '']'' overturned the notion of Australia as '']'' at the time of European occupation. | |||
| ] is played at an ] ceremony in ], ] ]. Ceremonies such as this are held in virtually every suburb and town in Australia.]] | |||
| A ] began in Australia in the early 1850s, and the ] rebellion in 1854 was an early expression of nationalist sentiment. Between 1855 and 1890, the six colonies individually gained ], managing most of their own affairs while remaining part of the ]. The Colonial Office in London retained control of some matters, notably foreign affairs, defence and international shipping. On ] ], ] of the colonies was achieved after a decade of planning, consultation and voting, and the Commonwealth of Australia was born, as a ] of the ]. The ] (ACT) was formed from New South Wales in 1911 to provide a location for the proposed new federal capital of ] (] was the capital from 1901 to 1927). The Northern Territory was transferred from the control of the South Australian government to the Commonwealth in 1911. Australia willingly participated in ];{{ref|Bean1941}} many Australians regard the defeat of the ] (ANZACs) at ] as the birth of the nation — its first major military action. Much like Gallipoli the ] is regarded by many as a nation defining battle from ]. | |||
| The ] formally ended most of the constitutional links between Australia and Britain, but Australia did not ] until 1942. The shock of Britain's defeat in Asia in 1942 and the threat of Japanese invasion caused Australia to turn to the United States as a new ally and protector. Since 1951, Australia has been a formal military ally of the US under the auspices of the ] treaty. After World War II, Australia encouraged mass immigration from Europe; since the 1970s and the abolition of the ], immigration from Asia and other parts of the world was also encouraged. As a result, Australia's demography, culture and image of itself were radically transformed. The final constitutional ties between Australia and Britain ended in 1986 with the passing of the ], ending any British role in the Australian States, and ending judicial appeals to the UK Privy Council. Australian voters rejected a move to become a republic in 1999 by a 55% majority,{{ref|AEC}} Australia, but the result is generally viewed in terms of dissatisfaction with the specifics of the proposed republican model rather than attachment to the monarchy. Since the election of the ] in 1972, there has been an increasing focus on the nation's future as a part of the Asia-Pacific region. | |||
| ==Politics== | |||
| ] in ] was opened in 1988 replacing the ] opened in 1927.]] | |||
| {{Mainpl|''], ]''}} | |||
| The Commonwealth of Australia is a ] and has a ] of government. ] is the ], a role that is distinct from her position as Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom. The Queen is nominally represented by the ]; although the ] gives extensive ] to the Governor-General, these are normally exercised only on the advice of the ]. The most notable exercise of the Governor-General's ]s outside the Prime Minister's direction was the dismissal of the Whitlam Government in the ].{{ref|PL1997}} | |||
| There are three branches of government. | |||
| *The legislature: the ], comprising the Queen, the Senate, and the House of Representatives; the Queen is represented by the Governor-General, who in practice exercises little or no power over the Parliament. | |||
| *The executive: the ] (the Governor-General as advised by the executive councillors); in practice, the councillors are the prime minister and ministers of state, whose advice the Governor-General accepts, with rare exceptions. | |||
| *The judiciary: the ] and other ]. The State courts became formally independent from the ] when the '']'' was passed in 1986. | |||
| The ] Commonwealth Parliament consists of the Queen, the ] (the upper house) of 76 senators, and a ] (the lower house) of 150 members. Members of the lower house are elected from single-member constituencies, commonly known as 'electorates' or 'seats'. Seats in the House of Representatives are allocated to states on the basis of population. In the Senate, each state, regardless of population, is represented by 12 senators, with the ACT and the NT each electing two. Elections for both chambers are held every three years; typically only half of the Senate seats are put to each election, because senators have overlapping six-year terms. The party with majority support in the House of Representatives forms Government, with its leader becoming Prime Minister. | |||
| There are three major political parties: the ], the ] and the ]. Independent members and several minor parties — including the ], ] and the ] — have achieved representation in Australian parliaments, mostly in upper houses, although their influence has been marginal. Since the ], the ] led by the Prime Minister, ], has been in power in Canberra. In the ], the Coalition won control of the Senate, the first time that a party (or coalition of governing parties) has done so while in government in more than 20 years. The Labor Party is in power in every state and territory. ] in each state and territory and at the federal level. | |||
| == States and territories== | |||
| {{main|Australian states and territories}} | |||
| ] | |||
| Australia consists of six states, two major mainland territories, and other minor territories. The states are ], ], ], ], ] and ]. The two major mainland territories are the ] and the ]. | |||
| In most respects, the territories function similarly to the states, but the Commonwealth Parliament can override any legislation of their parliaments. By contrast, federal legislation overrides state legislation only with respect to certain areas as set out in ] of the ]; all residual legislative powers are retained by the state parliaments, including powers over hospitals, education, police, the judiciary, roads, public transport and local government. | |||
| Each state and territory has its own ] (] in the case of the Northern Territory, the ACT and Queensland, and bicameral in the remaining states). The ] is known as the ] (] in South Australia and Tasmania) and the ] the ]. The ] in each state and territory are called ] and ], respectively. The Queen is represented in each state by a ]; an ] in the Northern Territory, and the Governor-General in the ACT, have analogous roles. | |||
| Australia also has several minor territories; the federal government administers a separate area within New South Wales, the ], as a naval base and sea port for the national capital. In addition Australia has the following, inhabited, external territories: ], ], ], and several largely uninhabited external territories: ], ], ] and the ]. | |||
| ==Foreign relations and military== | |||
| {{Mainpl|''], ]''}} | |||
| Over recent decades, ] have been driven by a close association with the ], through the ] and by a desire to develop relationships with ] and the Pacific, particularly through ] and the ]. In 2005 Australia secured an inaugural seat at the ] following its accession to the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation. Australia is a member of the ], in which the ] meetings provide the main forum for co-operation. Much of Australia's diplomatic energy is focused on international trade liberalisation. Australia led the formation of the ] and ], and is a member of the ] and the ]. Australia has pursued several major bilateral free trade agreements, most recently the ]. Australia is a founding member of the ], and maintains an international aid program under which some 60 countries receive assistance. The 2005–06 budget provides A$2.5bn for development assistance;{{ref|AGov2005}} as a percentage of GDP, this contribution is less than that of the UN ]. | |||
| Australia's armed forces — the ] (ADF) — comprise the ] (RAN), the ], and the ] (RAAF). All branches of the ADF have been involved in UN and regional peacekeeping (most recently in East Timor, the Solomon Islands and ]), disaster relief, and armed conflict, including the ]. The government appoints the chief of the Defence Force from one of the armed services; the current chief is Air Chief Marshal ]. In 2005–06, the defence budget is A$17.5bn.{{ref_label|AGov2005|8|a}} | |||
| == Geography and climate == | |||
| {{main|Geography of Australia}} | |||
| ] | |||
| Australia's 7,686,850 ] (2,967,909 ]) landmass is on the ]. Surrounded by the ], ] and ] oceans, Australia is separated from Asia by the ] and ] seas. Australia has a total 25,760 ] (16,007 ]) of coastline and claims an extensive ] of 8,148,250 km² (3,146,057 ]) (excluding the ]). Climate is highly influenced by ocean currents, including the ] southern oscillation, which is correlated with periodic ], and the seasonal tropical low pressure system that produces ] in northern Australia. | |||
| By far the largest part of Australia is ] or ]. Australia is the driest inhabited continent, the flattest, and has the oldest and least fertile soils. Only the south-east and south-west corners of the continent have a temperate climate. The northern part of the country, with a ], has a vegetation consisting of ], woodland, grassland and desert. The ], the world's largest ], lies a short distance off the north-east coast and extends for over 2,000 km (1,250 ]). The world's two largest ]s are located in Australia, ] in Western Australia is the largest and ] in central Australia is the second largest. At 2,228 ] (7,310 ]), ] on the ] is the highest mountain on the Australian mainland, although ] on the remote Australian territory of ] is taller at 2,745 m (9,006 ft). | |||
| == Flora and fauna == | |||
| {{Mainpl|''], ]''}} | |||
| ] is an Australian marsupial. The ] of the wallaby is currently being sequenced; when the sequencing is completed, it will be a major contribution to marsupial biology.]] | |||
| Although most of Australia is semi-arid or desert, it covers a diverse range of habitats, from alpine heaths to tropical ]s. Because of the great age and consequent low levels of fertility of the continent, its extremely variable weather patterns, and its long-term geographic isolation, much of Australia's ] is unique and ]. About 85% of ]s, 84% of ]s, more than 45% of ]s, and 89% of in-shore, temperate-zone fish are ].{{ref|DEH}} Many of Australia's ecoregions, and the species within those regions, are threatened by human activities and ]. The federal ''Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999'' is a legal framework used for the protection of threatened species. Numerous ] have been created to protect and preserve Australia's unique ecosystems, 64 wetlands are registered under the ], and 16 ]s have been established. Australia was ranked 13th in the World on the 2005 ]. | |||
| ] is the flower on the ].]] | |||
| Most Australian plant species are evergreen and many are adapted to fire and drought, including the ] and ]s. Australia has a rich variety of endemic ] species that thrive in nutrient-poor soils because of their symbiosis with ] bacteria and ] fungi. Well-known Australian fauna include ]s (the ] and ]), and a host of ]s, including the ], ], ], and birds such as the ], ], and ]. The ] was introduced by Austronesian people that traded with Indigenous Australians around 4000 ]. Many plant and animal species became extinct soon after human settlement, including the ]; many more have become extinct since European settlement, among them the ] (Tasmanian Tiger). | |||
| == Economy == | |||
| {{main|Economy of Australia}} | |||
| ]'s population is approximately 3.7 million, the second largest in Australia]] | |||
| Australia has a prosperous, Western-style ], with a per capita ] slightly higher than those of the UK, ] and ]. The country was ranked third in the ]' 2005 ] and sixth in '']'' worldwide quality-of-life index 2005. In recent years, the Australian economy has been resilient in the face of global economic downturn. Rising output in the domestic economy has been offsetting the global slump, and business and consumer confidence remains robust. Australia's emphasis on reform is another key factor behind the economy's strength. In the 1980s, the Labor Party, led by ] ] and ] ], started the process of economic reform by ] the ] in 1983, and deregulating the financial system.{{ref|Macfarlane1998}} Since 1996, the Howard government has continued the process of micro-economic reform, including the partial deregulation of the labour market and the privatisation of state-owned businesses, most notably in the ] industry.{{ref|Parham2002}} Substantial reform of the indirect tax system was achieved in July 2000 with the introduction of a 10% ], which has slightly reduced the heavy reliance on personal and company income tax that still characterises Australia's tax system. | |||
| The Australian economy has not suffered a ] since the early 1990s. As of July 2005, ] was 5.0% with 10,030,300 persons employed.{{ref|ABS6202}} The service sector of the economy, including tourism, education, and financial services, comprises 69% of GDP.{{ref|DFAT}} ] and natural-resources represent only 3% and 5% of GDP, respectively, but contribute substantially to Australia's export performance. Australia's largest export markets include ], ], the United States, ] and New Zealand.{{ref|ABS2005}} Areas of concern to some economists include the chronically high ] and also high levels of net foreign debt. | |||
| == Demographics == | |||
| {{main|Demographics of Australia}} | |||
| ] is the most populous city in Australia.]] | |||
| Most of the estimated 20.4 million Australians are descended from 19th- and 20th-century immigrants, the majority from Britain and ]. Australia's population has quadrupled since the end of World War I {{ref|ABS}}, spurred by an ambitious ] program. In 2001, the five largest groups of the 27.4% of Australians who were born overseas were from the United Kingdom, New Zealand, ], ] and China.{{ref_label|ABS2005|13|a}} Following the abolition of the ], numerous government initiatives have been established to encourage and promote racial harmony based on a policy of ]{{ref|DIMIA}}. Australia’s population has increased by about 60 times since European settlement. | |||
| The self-declared indigenous population — including Torres Strait Islanders, who are of Melanesian descent — was 410,003 (2.2% of the total population) in 2001, a significant increase from the 1977 census, which showed an indigenous population of 115,953.{{ref|ABS2001}} Indigenous Australians have higher rates of imprisonment and unemployment, lower levels of education and life expectancies for males and females that are 17 years lower than those of other Australians.{{ref_label|ABS2005|13|b}} Perceived racial inequality is an ongoing political and ] issue for Australians. | |||
| ] wine producing region of ].]] | |||
| In common with many other developed countries, Australia is experiencing a demographic shift towards an older population, with more retirees and fewer people of working age. A large number of Australians (759,849 for the period 2002–03{{ref|PoA2005}}) live outside their home country. Australia has maintained one of the most active ] programs in the world to boost population growth. Most immigrants are skilled; the quota includes categories for family members and ]s. | |||
| ] is the ],{{ref|DIMIA2}} and is spoken and written in a distinct variety known as ]. According to the 2001 census, English is the only language spoken in the home for around 80% of the population. The next most common languages spoken at home are ] (2.1%), ] (1.9%) and ] (1.4%). A considerable proportion of first- and second-generation migrants are ]. It is believed that there were between 200 and 300 ] at the time of first European contact. Only about 70 of these languages have survived, and all but 20 of these are now ]. An indigenous language remains the main language for about 50,000 (0.02%) people. Australia has a ] known as ], which is the main language of about 6,500 ] people. | |||
| Australia has no ]. The 2001 census identified that 68% of Australians call themselves Christian: 27% identifying themselves as ] and 21% as ]. Five per cent of Australians identify themselves as followers of non-Christian religions, and 26% as non-religious. Like many Western countries, the level of active participation in church worship is much lower than this; weekly attendance at church services is about 1.5 million, about 7.5% of the population.{{ref|NCLSattsurvey}} | |||
| School attendance is compulsory throughout Australia between the ages of 6–15 years (16 years in South Australia and Tasmania), contributing to an adult literacy rate that is assumed to be 99%. Government grants have supported the establishment of Australia's 38 universities, and although several private universities have been established, the majority receive government funding. There is a state-based system of vocational training colleges, known as ], and many trades conduct ]s for training new tradespeople. Approximately 58% of Australians between the ages of 25 and 64 have vocational or tertiary qualifications.{{ref_label|ABS2005|13|c}} | |||
| == Culture == | |||
| {{main|Culture of Australia}} | |||
| ] (1889) is an early example of the rich tradition of Australian ].]] | |||
| The primary basis of Australian culture up until the mid-20th century was ], although distinctive Australian features had been evolving from the environment and ] culture. Over the past 50 years, Australian culture has been strongly influenced by American popular culture (particularly television and cinema), large-scale immigration from non-English-speaking countries, and Australia's Asian neighbours. | |||
| Australia has a long history of visual arts, starting with the ] and bark paintings of its indigenous peoples. From the time of European settlement, a common theme in ] has been the Australian landscape, seen in the works of ], ] and ], among others. The traditions of indigenous Australians are largely transmitted orally and are closely tied to ceremony and the telling of the stories of the ]. ], dance and ] have a palpable influence on contemporary Australian visual and performing arts. Australia has an active tradition of ], ] and ]; many of its performing arts companies receive public funding through the federal government's ]. There is a ] in each capital city, and a national ] company, ], first made prominent by the renowned diva ]; ] includes classical, jazz, and many popular music genres. | |||
| ] has also been influenced by the landscape; the works of writers such as ] and ] captured the experience of the Australian bush. The character of colonial Australia, as embodied in early literature, resonates with modern Australia and its perceived emphasis on ], mateship, and anti-authoritarianism. In 1973, ] was awarded the ], the only Australian to have achieved this; he is recognised as one of the great English-language writers of the 20th century. ] is a major variety of the language; its grammar and spelling are largely based on those of British English, overlaid with a rich vernacular of unique lexical items and phrases, some of which have found their way into standard English. | |||
| Australia has two public broadcasters (the ] and ]), three commercial ]s, three pay TV services, and numerous public, non-profit television and radio stations. ] has achieved critical and commercial successes. Each major city has daily newspapers, and there are two national daily newspapers, '']'' and '']''. According to ] in 2005, Australia is in 31st position on a list of countries ranked by ], behind ] (9th) and the ] (28th) but ahead of the ]. This ranking is primarily due to the limited diversity of commercial media ownership in Australia. Most Australian ] in particular is under the control of either ] or ]. | |||
| ] was developed in Australia and is played at amateur and professional levels.]] | |||
| ] is an important part of Australian culture, assisted by a climate that favours outdoor activities; 23.5% Australians over the age of 15 regularly participate in organised sporting activities{{ref_label|ABS2005|13|d}}. At an international level, Australia has particularly strong teams in ], ], ], ], ], and performs well in ] and ]. Australia has participated in every summer ] of the modern era, and every ]. Australia has hosted the ] and ] Summer Olympics, and has ranked among the top five medal-takers since 2000. It has also hosted the ], ] and ] Commonwealth Games, and will host the ] in ]. ] is one of the most popular national sports, albeit it, one that is only played in Australia; players gain some international prominence through ] which is an annual meeting between the Australian code and Irish Gaelic Football. The ] is one of the premier four tennis tournaments played in the world each year. Corporate and government sponsorship of many sports and élite athletes is common in Australia. | |||
| Televised sport is popular; some of the highest rating television programs include the summer Olympic Games and the grand finals of local and international football competitions.{{ref|AFC}} | |||
| == Related topics == | |||
| {{Template:Australian Topics}} | |||
| ==References== | |||
| <!--This article uses ] please add references using that system and adjust the other references as necessary--> | |||
| <div style="font-size: 90%"> | |||
| #{{note|Gillespie2002}}Gillespie, R. (2002). Dating the first Australians. ''Radiocarbon'' 44:455-472 | |||
| #{{note|Smith1980}}Smith, L. (1980), The Aboriginal Population of Australia, Australian National University Press, Canberra | |||
| #{{note|Tatz1999}}Tatz, C. (1999). '''', AIATSIS Research Discussion Papers No 8, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies, Canberra | |||
| #{{note|wind2001}} Windschuttle, K. (2001). '''', The New Criterion Vol. 20, No. 1, September 20. | |||
| #{{note|Bean1941}}Bean, C. Ed. (1941). , First World War Official Histories 11th Edition. | |||
| #{{note|AEC}}Australian Electoral Commission (2000). | |||
| #{{note|PL1997}}Parliamentary Library (1997). | |||
| #{{note|AGov2005}}{{note_label|AGov2005|8|a}}Australian Government. (2005). | |||
| #{{note|DEH}}Department of the Environment and Heritage. | |||
| #{{note|Macfarlane1998}}Macfarlane, I. J. (1998). . ''Reserve Bank of Australia Bulletin'', October | |||
| #{{note|Parham2002}}Parham, D. (2002). . ''Conference of Economists'', Adelaide, ] | |||
| #{{note|ABS6202}} Australian Bureau of Statistics. Labour Force Australia. Cat#6202 | |||
| #{{note|ABS2005}}{{note_label|ABS2005|13|a}}{{note_label|ABS2005|13|b}}{{note_label|ABS2005|13|c}}{{note_label|ABS2005|13|d}}Australian Bureau of Statistics. | |||
| #{{note|DFAT}} Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (2003). ''Advancing the National Interest'', | |||
| #{{note|ABS}} Australian Bureau of Statistics, | |||
| #{{note|DIMIA}}Department of Immigration, Multicultural and Indigenous Affiars. (2005). <br> | |||
| #{{note|ABS2001|}}Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2001 Census, | |||
| #{{note|PoA2005}}Parliament of Australia, Senate (2005). | |||
| #{{note|DIMIA2}}Department of Immigration, Multicultural and Indigenous Affiars. (1995). | |||
| #{{note|NCLSattsurvey}} , National Church Life Survey, Media release, ] ] | |||
| #{{note|AFC}}Australian Film Commission. What are Australians Watching?, | |||
| </div> | |||
| == External links == | |||
| {{portal}} | |||
| {{sisterlinks|Australia}} | |||
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Revision as of 07:40, 3 January 2006
G\'day mate. Thats not a knife. Throw some more shrimp on the barby.