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The term Aegean crisis refers to a set of interrelated controversial isses between Greece and Turkey over sovereignty and related rights in the area of the Aegean Sea. This set of conflicts has had a large effect on the relations between the two countries since the 1970s. It has repeatedly led to crises coming close to the outbreak of military hostilities, most notably around 1987 and in early ]. The issues in the Aegean fall into several categories:

The delimitation of the territorial waters,
The delimitation of the national airspace,
The delimitation of Exclusive economic zones and the use of the continental shelf,
The delimitation of Flight Information Regions (FIR), and their significance for the control of military flight activity,
The issue of the demilitarized status assigned to some of the Greek islands in the area,
The status of an undetermined number of small islets which are regarded as “grey zones” of undetermined sovereignty by Turkey, with the tiny islets of Imia/Kardak being the best-known example.

As of 1998, the two countries have been trying to overcome the tensions through a series of diplomatic measures, particularly with a view to easing Turkey's accession to the European Union. However, as of 2006, differences over suitable diplomatic paths to a substantial solution are still unresolved.