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Revision as of 22:30, 14 May 2010
In organic chemistry, a cyclic compound is a compound in which a series of carbon atoms are connected to form a loop or ring. Benzene is a well known example. The term "polycyclic" is used when more than one ring is formed in a single molecule for instance in naphthalene, and the term macrocycle is used for a ring containing more than a dozen atoms.
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Benzene, a simple cyclic compound.
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Naphthalene, a simple polycyclic compound.
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Porphyrin, a simple macrocyclic compound.
Categorization
Cyclic compounds can be categorized:
Ring-closing & opening reactions
Related concepts in organic chemistry are so-called ring-closing reactions in which a cyclic compound is formed and ring-opening reactions in which rings are opened.
Examples of ring-closing reactions:
- Ring-closing metathesis
- Nazarov cyclization reaction
- Ruzicka large ring synthesis
- Dieckmann condensation
- Wenker synthesis
- Radical cyclization
Example of ring-opening reactions:
- A general type of polymerization reaction: Ring-opening polymerization
- Ring opening metathesis polymerisation
External links
- Polycyclic+Compounds at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Macrocyclic+Compounds at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
References
- March, Jerry (1985). Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure (3rd ed.). New York: Wiley. ISBN 9780471854722. OCLC 642506595.