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| {{See also|Views of Lyndon LaRouche|LaRouche criminal trials|Lyndon LaRouche U.S. Presidential campaigns|LaRouche movement}} | |||
| {{Infobox Person | |||
| |name =Lyndon LaRouche | |||
| |image =Lyndon LaRouche.jpg | |||
| |image_size =200px | |||
| |caption =Lyndon LaRouche, February 2006 | |||
| |birth_name =Lyndon Hermyle LaRouche, Jr. | |||
| |birth_date ={{birth date and age|1922|9|8}} | |||
| |birth_place =] | |||
| |death_date = | |||
| |death_place = | |||
| |other_names =Lyn Marcus | |||
| |occupation = | |||
| |party =], ] | |||
| |spouse =Janice Neuberger (1954–1963)<br/>] (1977–present) | |||
| |parents =Jessie Lenore Weir<br/> Lyndon Hermyle LaRouche, Sr. | |||
| |children =Daniel, born 1956 | |||
| |box_width =270px | |||
| }} | |||
| '''Lyndon Hermyle LaRouche, Jr.''' ({{IPA-en|ləˈruːʃ|pron}}; born September 8, 1922) is an American self-styled economist, political activist, and the founder of several political organizations known collectively as the ]. He has been a ] for ], having run in eight elections since 1976, once as a ] candidate and seven times as a candidate for the ] nomination. He is the founder and contributing editor of the ''],'' and has written prolifically on economic, scientific, and political topics, as well as on history, philosophy, and psychoanalysis. | |||
| He was sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment in 1988 for ] to commit ] and ] violations, but continued his political activities from behind bars until his release in 1994 on parole. His defenders believe the prosecution was a politically motivated conspiracy involving government officials and a mass-media ] campaign.<ref>''Executive Intelligence Review,'' undated(a)</ref> His appellate attorney, ], a former ], argued that the case represented an unprecedented abuse of power by the U.S. government in an effort to destroy the LaRouche movement.<ref name=renoletter>{{harvnb|Clark|1995}}</ref> | |||
| LaRouche provokes sharply contrasting views. His supporters see him as a political leader in the tradition of ] and ], and a brilliant thinker who has been unfairly persecuted, while critics regard him as a ] leader, a ], a ], and an ].<ref>Sources for the descriptions are as follows: | |||
| *political leader in the tradition of Roosevelt and King: {{harvnb|Boynton Robinson|2008}}, {{harvnb|Steinberg|2004}} | |||
| *conspiracy theorist: {{harvnb|Rose|2004}} | |||
| *fascist: {{harvnb|Schob|1989}} | |||
| *anti-Semite: {{harvnb|Reardon|Greenbaum|1986}}, {{harvnb|Lerman|1988}}, Mintz (May 17, 1987) | |||
| *political cult leader: {{harvnb|Oliver|2003}}, {{harvnb|Mintz|1985}}, {{harvnb|Copulus|1984}}</ref> ], formerly with the ], described LaRouche's staff in 1984 as one of the best private intelligence services in the world, while the ] has said that he leads "what may well be one of the strangest political groups in American history."<ref>{{harvnb|Mintz|1985}}; {{harvnb|Copulus|1984}}</ref> | |||
| ==Early life== | |||
| LaRouche was born in ], the eldest of three children of Lyndon H. LaRouche, Sr. (June 1, 1896 – December 1983)<ref></ref> and Jessie Lenore (née Weir; November 12, 1893 – August 1978).<ref></ref> His father was the son of a French-Canadian immigrant from ], and his mother a descendant of ] from the ] and other prominent ] families. | |||
| {{rquote|left|I survived socially by making chiefly ], ], and ] my principal peers, looking at myself, my thoughts, my commitments to practice in terms of a kind of collectivity of them constructed in my own mind.<ref name=LaRouche1979p58/>}} | |||
| He attended the School Street elementary school until 1936, when the family moved to ], after his father resigned from his job as a salesman at the ] in Rochester to set up his own business. He described his childhood as that of "an egregious child, I wouldn't say an ugly duckling but a nasty duckling."<ref name="Paul L. Montgomery 1974"/> According to his 1979 autobiography, ''The Power of Reason,'' he began to read around the age of five, and was called "Big Head" by the other children at school.<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1979|p=39}}</ref> He was told by his parents, both of them ] (his father had converted from Roman Catholicism to marry his mother), that under no circumstances could he fight with other children even in self-defense.<ref name="LaRouche 1979, p. 38">{{harvnb|LaRouche|1979|p=38}}</ref> This advice led to "years of hell" for him from bullies at school.<ref name="LaRouche 1979, p. 38"/> As a result, he spent much of his time alone, taking long walks through the woods and identifying in his mind with great philosophers.<ref>LaRouche 1979, p. 55</ref> In contrast, he joked, the childhood peers from whom he had felt so alienated had been "unwitting followers of ]."<ref name=LaRouche1979p58>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1979|p=58}}</ref> | |||
| He elaborated on his early intellectual development in a second autobiography in 1987, in which he reports that, between the ages of twelve and fourteen, he read philosophy extensively, embracing the ideas of ] and rejecting those of Hume, ], ], ], ], ], and Kant.<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1987|p=17}}</ref> He graduated from Lynn ] in 1940.<ref>{{harvnb|Tong|1994}}</ref> | |||
| In the same year, the Lynn Quakers expelled LaRouche's father for reportedly spreading gossip about other members; writing under the name Hezekiah Micajah Jones, LaRouche Sr. allegedly accused the Friends of misusing funds. His wife and the 19-year-old LaRouche resigned in sympathy.<ref>{{harvnb|King|1989|loc=chapter one}}; ; 1997.</ref> | |||
| ===University studies and the Army=== | |||
| LaRouche enrolled at ] in Boston, but left in 1942 after receiving poor grades. He wrote of his geometry class that he "could not accept the axioms and postulates," and of his teachers in general that they "lacked the competence to teach me on conditions I was willing to tolerate."<ref name=Witt2004p3>{{harvnb|Witt|2004|p=3}}</ref> | |||
| As a Quaker, he was at first a ] during World War II, joining a Civilian Public Service camp, where Dennis King writes he "promptly joined a small faction at odds with the administrators."<ref>{{harvnb|King|1989|p=6}}</ref> In 1944, he decided instead to join the ] as a ], serving in India and Burma with medical units and ending the war as an ordnance clerk. LaRouche describes his decision to serve as one of the most important of his life.<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1987|pp=18–20}}</ref> While in India, he developed an interest in and sympathy for the ]. He reports in his autobiography that many GIs feared they would be asked to support British forces in actions against Indian independence forces, a prospect he says "was revolting to most of us."<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1987|pp=37–38}}</ref> | |||
| While still in the CO camp, he had begun discussing Marxism with fellow camp inmates and soon became a ] himself. While traveling home from India on the SS ''General Bradley'' in 1946, he met Don Merrill, a fellow soldier, also from Lynn. Merrill won LaRouche over to ] on the journey home. Back in the U.S., LaRouche attempted to resume his education at Northeastern, intending to major in physics, but left because of what he called academic "]."<ref>{{harvnb|King|1989|p=7}}</ref> | |||
| LaRouche returned to Lynn in 1948 and began attending meetings of the ] (SWP). He joined the next year, adopting the ] Lyn Marcus for his political work.<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1987|p=62–64}}</ref> LaRouche battled and endured "a nasty ]" in 1953 and subsequently arrived in ] and occupied himself with "a light management-consulting assignment",<ref>LaRouche Jr., Lyndon H. (1979); ''The Power of Reason; A kind of an Autobiography''; The New Benjamin Franklin House, Publishing House, Inc.; pp. 4. {ISBN 0-933488-01-7}</ref> advising companies on how to use computers to maximize efficiency and speed up production. In late 1954 he married fellow SWP member Janice Neuberger. Their son, Daniel, was born in 1956. | |||
| Russian academic G. G. Pirogov asserted that LaRouche had, in 1959-60, forecast that a series of monetary shocks would lead to the collapse of the ].<ref>G. G. Pirogov, conference presentation to the ]. </ref> | |||
| ==1960s== | |||
| ===1960–1965: Trotskyism=== | |||
| By 1961, the LaRouches were living in a large apartment on ], Manhattan, his activity in the internal life of the SWP minimal as he focused on his career. He and his wife separated in 1963, and in 1964, while still in the SWP, he became associated with a faction called the ], which had been expelled from the SWP and was under the influence of the British Trotskyist leader ], leader of the British ].<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1970}}</ref> For six months, he worked closely with American Healyite leader ], who later wrote: | |||
| <blockquote>LaRouche had a gargantuan ego. Convinced he was a genius, he combined his strong conviction in his own abilities with an arrogance expressed in the cadences of upper-class ]. He assumed that the comment in the '']'' that "a small section of the ruling class cuts itself adrift, and joins the revolutionary class..." was written specifically for him. And he believed that the working class were lucky to obtain his services.<p> | |||
| LaRouche possessed a marvelous ability to place any world happening in a larger context, which seemed to give the event additional meaning, but his thinking was ], lacking factual detail and depth. It was contradictory. His explanations were a bit too pat, and his mind worked so quickly that I always suspected his bravado covered over superficiality. He had an answer for everything. Sessions with him reminded me of a parlor game: present a problem, no matter how petty, and without so much as blinking his eye, LaRouche would dream up the solution.<ref name=Wohlforth>{{harvnb|Wohlforth}}</ref></blockquote> | |||
| LaRouche left Wohlforth's group in 1965, and joined the ], which had split from Wohlforth. He left after a few months and wrote a letter to the SWP declaring that all factions of the Trotskyist ] were dead, and that he and his new partner, Carol Larrabee, also known as Carol Schnitzer, were going to build a ].<ref>{{harvnb|King|1989|loc=chapter 18}}</ref> In 1966, the couple joined the Committee for Independent Political Action, a ]/] coalition that was running independent anti-war candidates in New York City elections, and formed a branch in Manhattan's ]. | |||
| ===1967–1969: NCLC=== | |||
| {{rquote|right|Twenty to 30 students would ... sit on the floor surrounding LaRouche, who now sported a very shaggy beard ... LaRouche gave them esoteric assignments, such as searching through the writings of ] to discover Rudd's anarchistic origins, or studying ]'s ''The Accumulation of Capital.'' — Tim Wohlforth<ref name=Wohlforth/>}} | |||
| LaRouche began teaching classes on ] at New York City's Free School, and attracted around him a group of students from ] and the City College of New York, several of whom were involved with the ] ] (PLP), which was prominent in the ] (SDS). The ideas he began teaching in the late 1960s differed from orthodox Marxism, in that he supplemented the doctrine of class struggle with a strong emphasis on the dangers of a supposedly parasitical finance capital, as opposed to industrial capital. He continued with this emphasis throughout the following decade, while abandoning, for the most part, the use of Marxist jargon. | |||
| LaRouche's followers were heavily involved in the ] and occupation of Columbia University, and attempted to win control of the university's PLP and SDS branches by putting forward a political program linking student struggles with those of ] residents, transit workers, and the tenant movement.<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1987|p=116}}.</ref> Once his following was large enough, LaRouche created his own faction within the Columbia SDS. There were other factions: the "action faction," which became the ], and the "praxis axis," which saw students as the vanguard of the revolution.<ref>{{harvnb|Jacobs|1971}}</ref> LaRouche called his faction the "SDS Labor Committee," which became influential within SDS chapters in Philadelphia. He criticized the SDS, and the New Left in general, for allowing itself to be influenced by the ], which he abhorred, and for not emphasizing work with trade unionists and tenants. | |||
| LaRouche's faction was expelled from the SDS in 1969 for supporting the New York City teachers' union in the ], and so the former SDS Labor Committee became the ] (NCLC), while continuing to function in some SDS chapters outside New York. Despite its name, it had no significant connection with the labor movement and viewed intellectuals as the revolutionary vanguard. According to Dennis King, NCLC's internal life became highly regimented over the next few years. Members gave up their jobs and private lives and became entirely devoted to the group and its leader. The movement developed an internal disciplinary technique called "ego stripping" (see ]), intended to reinforce conformity and loyalty.<ref name="Paul L. Montgomery 1974">{{harvnb|Montgomery|1974}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|King|1989|pp=17–18, 20, 25–26}}</ref> | |||
| ==1970s== | |||
| ===1972: U.S. Labor Party=== | |||
| {{See|U.S. Labor Party}} | |||
| ]]] | |||
| In 1972, he founded the U.S. Labor Party as the political arm of the NCLC.<ref>{{harvnb|Laver|1980}}</ref> The party became highly controversial (see ]). In a two-part article about it, ''The New York Times'' called it a "cult-like right-wing political organization,"<ref name="Blum1979"/> while the ''National Review'' called it a "self-styled 'Marxist' organization."<ref>{{harvnb|Rose|1979}}</ref> The LaRouche organization described it in 1995 as "an independent political association committed to the tradition of ], ], ], and President ]."<ref>, July 28, 1995, accessdate 09/24/2009</ref> It was disbanded in 1979, becoming the National Democratic Policy Committee (NDPC). | |||
| ===1973: "Operation Mop-Up" and ideological shift=== | |||
| According to LaRouche's autobiography, it was in 1969 that violent altercations began between his members and ] groups. He wrote that ]'s faction began assaulting LaRouche's faction at Columbia University. "Other organized physical attacks against my friends would follow, inside the United States and abroad," he wrote. "Communist Party goon-squad attacks began in Chicago, in summer 1972, and continued sporadically up to the concerted assault launched during March 1973. During 1972, there was also a goon-attack on associates of mine by the SWP."<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1987|p=117}}</ref> | |||
| Antony Lerman writes that, in 1973 and with little warning, LaRouche adopted far-right, even neo-Nazi, ideas, a process accompanied by a campaign of violence against his opponents on the left. The violence was accompanied by the development of conspiracy theories and paranoia about his personal safety, often involving alleged attempts to assassinate him.<ref name=Lerman212>{{harvnb|Lerman|1988|p=212}}</ref> LaRouche said in 1987 that, since 1973, he has believed he is under the threat of assassination from a number of sources, including the Soviet Union, the CIA, Libya, drug dealers, and bankers.<ref>Mintz Jan 31, 1987</ref> According to Boris Mezhuyev writing for a Russian news agency, LaRouche's ideological shift at this time replaced Marxism with what LaRouche called the ] and the spirit of ]'s ].<ref>{{harvnb|Mezhuyev|2009}}</ref> | |||
| ] | |||
| Between April and September 1973, during what LaRouche called "Operation Mop-Up," NCLC members began physically attacking members of other leftist groups, groups that LaRouche had classified as "left-protofascists." Armed with chains, bats, and martial-art ] sticks, they assaulted members of the Communist Party, the Socialist Workers Party, the ], and others, on the streets and during meetings. There were 60 recorded assaults in five months.<ref>{{harvnb|Tourish|Wohlforth|2000|p=73}}; {{harvnb|Hentoff|1974}}; {{harvnb|Montgomery|1974}}.</ref> A ''New Solidarity'' editorial said of the Communist Party: "We must dispose of this stinking corpse to ensure that it cannot act as a host for maggots and other parasites... Our job is to pulverize the Communist Party."<ref name=LaRoucheApril161973>''New Solidarity'', April 16, 1973.</ref> King writes that LaRouche halted the operation when police arrested several of his followers on assault charges, and after the groups under attack formed joint defense teams.<ref>{{harvnb|King|1989|pp=23–24}}</ref> | |||
| LaRouche wrote in 2000 that the FBI had been using the Communist Party at that time to bring about his "personal 'elimination'."<ref>LaRouche March 10, 2000.</ref> He cited an October 1973 document, obtained in 1992 through ], which noted that the ] was conducting a background investigation "for the purpose of ultimately eliminating" LaRouche and the NCLC; the memo suggested that the FBI help them anonymously. LaRouche wrote that this took place as part of ], a series of covert, and often illegal, FBI projects aimed at investigating and disrupting dissident political organizations within the United States which ended officially in 1971.<ref>LaRouche February 9, 1998.</ref> | |||
| ==="Ego-stripping"===<!--this subhead is linked to--> | |||
| In the summer of 1973, LaRouche and the NCLC began using ] techniques.<ref name=King&Lynch>{{harvnb|King|Lynch|1986}}</ref> LaRouche told NCLC members that they had to face their psychosexual fears in order to become more effective. In ''The Sexual Impotence of the Puerto Rican Socialist Party,'' he declared that "sexual impotency is generally the causal root of Left political impotency."<ref name=Witt2004p3>{{harvnb|Witt|2004|p=3}}</ref><ref name=King&Lynch /> | |||
| In ''Beyond Psychoanalysis'', LaRouche argued that bourgeois elements of a worker's persona had to be stripped away to arrive at a state he called "little me", from which it would be possible to build a new personality, centred on a socialist identity.<ref name=Witt2004p3/> In this "ego stripping" process, members would be subjected to verbal attacks and personal criticisms by the entire group, until they broke down.<ref name=King&Lynch /> This, LaRouche argued, was the point at which an individual "abruptly 'breaks free' as if from a drugged state; a sudden personality change occurs, in which the group sees the real person come forth, assume control of himself, or herself, and bring the ego-state under control." LaRouche therefore viewed the process as "an act of social love."<ref name=King&Lynch /> | |||
| LaRouche might pick a random candidate for an ego-stripping session, ego-stripping sessions were also sometimes used on workers who had failed to perform some task satisfactorily.<ref name=King&Lynch /> One member who left the movement, Christine Berl, later described the experience as "pure psychological terror."<ref name=Tourish2000p74>{{harvnb|Tourish|Wohlforth|2000|p=74}}</ref> | |||
| One ego-stripping session was recorded—that of a 26-year-old British LaRouche member, Chris White—and the tape was sent to ''The New York Times'' by LaRouche activists, who said White had intended to kill LaRouche. According to the ''Times'', "There are sounds of weeping, and vomiting on the tapes, and Mr. White complains of being deprived of sleep, food and cigarettes. At one point someone says 'raise the voltage,' but (LaRouche) says this was associated with the bright lights used in the questioning rather than an electric shock."<ref>{{harvnb|Montgomery|1974}}; also see {{harvnb|Witt|2004}}</ref> | |||
| White had formed a romantic relationship with LaRouche's former partner, Carol Larrabee. The couple left the States and moved to England, where they tried to form an NCLC branch. In December 1973, LaRouche asked them to return to the U.S. to attend a conference. White knew he would be subjected to an ego-stripping session, and he reportedly broke down during the flight, shouting that the CIA was planning to kill Larrabee and LaRouche.<ref name=Tourish2000p74/> The ego-stripping went ahead anyway, with LaRouche in attendance. LaRouche can be heard on the tape telling White that a pain he complained of in his arm was not real, but "part of the program."<ref name=Witt2004p3/> White reportedly ended up confessing that he had been tortured by the CIA and British intelligence, and had been programmed, in the manner of '']'', to kill Larrabee and set up LaRouche for assassination.<ref name=Tourish2000p74/> Group members subsequently underwent training on how to detect other agents like White, and how to withstand the sort of torture they believed White had been subjected to.<ref name=Tourish2000p74 /> In the words of April Witt, writing in ''The Washington Post'', "brainwashing hysteria" took hold of the movement. One activist said he attended meetings where members were writhing on the floor saying they needed de-programming.<ref name=Witt2004p3/> | |||
| Another activist, Alice Weitzman, expressed skepticism about the CIA claims. According to Dennis Tourish and Tim Wohlforth, LaRouche sent six members to her apartment, where she was held captive and forced to listen to Beethoven at high volume, because LaRouche believed Beethoven's music could de-program agents. Weitzman scribbled a plea for help on a piece of paper, and threw it out of her window. A passer-by contacted the police, who freed her, but she declined to press charges.<ref>{{harvnb|Montgomery|1974}}; {{harvnb|Tourish|Wohlforth|2000|pp=74–75}}</ref> | |||
| ===1974: ''Executive Intelligence Review''=== | |||
| {{See|Executive Intelligence Review}} | |||
| LaRouche founded the weekly newsmagazine, ''Executive Intelligence Review'' (EIR), and the New Solidarity International Press Service, in 1974. A strong supporter of ], he founded the ] the same year.<ref>{{harvnb|Seife|2008|p=163f}}</ref> | |||
| John Rausch writes that EIR was part of LaRouche's plan in the 1970s to form a global intelligence network. He organized the network as though it consisted of news services and magazines, which gained the LaRouche movement access to government officials under press cover. EIR came to be known for its conspiracy theories, publishing ''inter alia'' that ] was the head of an international drug-smuggling cartel, and that the 1995 ] was the first strike in a British attempt to take over the United States.<ref name=Rausch>{{harvnb|Rausch|2003}}</ref> | |||
| Other publications that LaRouche came to run were ''The New Federalist''; '']''; ''Nouvelle Solidarité'' in France; ''Neue Solidarität'', published by ], a LaRouche group in Germany; and ''Fidelio'', the quarterly magazine of the Schiller Institute. | |||
| ===1974–1975: Soviets, Iraq, FBI=== | |||
| LaRouche said he met with representatives of the Soviet Union at the United Nations in 1974 and 1975 to discuss attacks by the ] on the NCLC, and to propose that the former be merged into the latter. He denied receiving any assistance from the Soviets.<ref>{{harvnb|Perlman|1984}}</ref> He visited Baghdad in 1975, and made a presentation to a ] conference about his "Oasis Plan," a proposal for ] peace based on the construction of water projects. In the same year, ''New Solidarity'' began running articles favorable to Iraq, and extensively quoting ].<ref name=Rosenfeld1976/> | |||
| ], the then FBI Director, called the NCLC a "violence-oriented organization" that he said was involved in fights, drugs, and kidnappings.<ref name=Rosenfeld1976/>]] | |||
| In March 1975, ], then the director of the FBI, described LaRouche's NCLC as, "a violence-oriented organization of 'revolutionary socialists' with a membership of nearly 1,000 in chapters in some 50 cities ... involved in fights, beatings, using drugs, kidnappings, brainwashings, and at least one shooting. They are reported to be armed, to have received defensive training such as karate, and to attend cadre schools and training schools to learn military tactics."<ref name=Rosenfeld1976>{{harvnb|Rosenfeld|1976}}</ref> | |||
| ===1976: First presidential campaign=== | |||
| {{See|Lyndon LaRouche U.S. Presidential campaigns|Views of Lyndon LaRouche#Campaign platforms}} | |||
| In 1976, LaRouche campaigned for ] as a U.S. Labor Party candidate, polling 40,043 votes (0.05 percent). It was the first of eight presidential elections he took part in, attracting $5.9 million in federal matching funds, according to ''The Washington Post'', which writes that he has never won more than 80,000 votes in any election cycle.<ref name=Witt2004p3/> | |||
| LaRouche's U.S. Labor party platform predicted financial disaster by 1980 and included a three-step proposal to restore the financial health of the nation that it said had been ruined by "the vicious incompetence of the Rockefeller-Ford regime or the foolish babbling of windbags like Hubert Humphrey": a debt moratorium; nationalization of banks; and government investment in industry especially in the aerospace sector. In addition to financial collapse, the party predicted mass starvation and disease, "possibly rendering the human race itself virtually extinct within about 15 years." It called for the creation of an "International Development Bank" based on agreements between the U.S. and USSR governments to facilitate higher food production.<ref>{{harvnb|Dabilis|1976}}</ref> | |||
| His 1976 campaign included a paid half-hour television address, which allowed LaRouche to air his views before a national audience, something that became a regular feature of his later campaigns. There were protests in 1976 about his television address, and about the involvement of the NCLC in public life generally. Writing in ''The Washington Post'', Stephen Rosenfeld said LaRouche's ideas belonged to the radical right, neo-Nazi fringe, and that his main interests lay in disruption and disinformation. The NCLC had been terrorizing a number of people on the left, he wrote, including ], ], and ], and had attacked SWP members in Detroit with clubs, reportedly including a paraplegic member. "We of the press should be chary of offering them print or air time. There is no reason to be too delicate about it: Every day we decide whose voices to relay. A duplicitous violence-prone group with fascistic proclivities should not be presented to the public," he wrote, "unless there is reason to present it in those terms."<ref name="Rosenfeld1976"/> LaRouche wrote in 1999 that this editorial comment "openly declared... a policy of malicious lying" and was part of "the fraudulent hate-campaign" against him.<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|2000}}</ref> | |||
| A year later, in 1977, LaRouche married again. His new wife, ], was a leading activist in the German branch of the movement. She went on to work closely with LaRouche for the rest of his career, founding the ] in Germany in 1984. | |||
| ===Criticism of the U.S. Labor Party===<!--this section is linked to--> | |||
| {{See|U.S. Labor Party}} | |||
| In 1979, a two-part article by Howard Blum and ] appeared in the ''New York Times'' that accused LaRouche of running a cult.<ref>{{harvnb|Blum|1979}}; {{harvnb|Montgomery|1979}}</ref> Blum wrote that LaRouche had turned the U.S. Labor Party—with 1,000 members listed in 37 offices in North America, and 26 in Europe and Latin America—into an extreme-right, anti-Semitic organization, despite the presence of Jewish members. The ''Times'' alleged that members had taken courses in how to use knives and rifles, and had produced reports for South Africa on anti-apartheid groups in the United States. A farm in upstate New York was allegedly being used for guerrilla training, attended by LaRouche members from Germany and Mexico. Several members also underwent a six-day anti-terrorist training course, at a cost of $200 per person per day, at a camp in ], run by Mitchell L. Werbell, an international arms dealer, who had served as an advisor to several Latin American dictators and who said he was connected to the CIA.<ref name=Blum1979>{{harvnb|Blum|1979}}</ref> | |||
| The ''Times'' reported that U.S. Labor Party members were playing a dominant role in a number of companies in Manhattan: Computron Technologies Corporation, which included Mobil Oil and Citibank among its clients; World Composition Services, which the Times wrote had one of the most advanced typesetting complexes in the city and had the Ford Foundation among its clients; and PMR Associates, a printing shop that produced the party's publications and some high school newspapers (see ]).<ref name=Blum1979/> | |||
| Blum wrote that, from 1976 onwards, party members were transmitting intelligence reports on left-wing members to the FBI and local police. In 1977, he wrote, commercial reports on U.S. anti-apartheid groups were prepared by LaRouche members for the South African government, student dissidents were reported to the Shah of Iran's ] secret police, and the anti-nuclear movement was investigated on behalf of power companies. He also wrote that LaRouche was telling his membership several times a year that he was being targeted for assassination, including by the Queen, "big-time Zionist mobsters," the Council on Foreign Relations, the Justice Department, and the Mossad.<ref name=Blum1979/> | |||
| LaRouche denied the newspaper's charges, and said he had filed a $100 million libel suit. His press secretary said the series was intended to "to set up a credible climate for an assassination hit."<ref>{{harvnb|Kenney|1980}}</ref> | |||
| ===Frankhouser, WerBell, and Carto=== | |||
| ''The New York Times'' also reported that U.S. Labor Party members were exchanging almost daily information with ], who called himself the Grand Dragon of the ] in Pennsylvania, and who had been accused of being a member of the ]. Frankhouser had been convicted in 1975 of conspiring to sell half a ton of dynamite in connection with a school bus bombing that left one man dead, and had marched on Fifth Avenue in New York wearing a ] uniform. LaRouche had organized his defense campaign regarding the dynamite charges. He reportedly called Frankhouser a "high intelligence source," though he later denied this, saying that in fact he had a low opinion of Frankhouser.<ref name=Blum1979/> It became known that Frankhouser had been an informant for the ] and other law enforcement agencies. He said he was working on behalf of the government and was sentenced to five years of probation instead of the decades in prison he could have received.<ref name=Shenon>{{harvnb|Shenon|1986}}; {{harvnb|Sims|1996|p=63}}</ref> | |||
| By the late 1970s, members of the LaRouche movement had begun exchanging almost daily information with Frankhouser, according to ''The New York Times''.<ref name=Blum1979/> He introduced them to ], a noted ] (OSS) and ] (CIA) operative, mercenary, accused drug trafficker, firearms engineer, and arms dealer who said he had an ongoing connection to the CIA.<ref name=Blum1979/> LaRouche developed close ties with WerBell, hiring him as a security consultant for protection against an assassination threat and to train his security staff.<ref>{{harvnb|Donner|Rothenberg|1980}}</ref><ref>LaRouche in ''Dope, Inc.'', 1986, p. 549</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Van Deerlin|1986}}</ref> It was WerBell who arranged for LaRouche movement members to undergo anti-terrorist training. John George and Laird Wilcox say WerBell learned that the way to keep "LaRouche on the hook was to feed his monstrous ego while jerking his paranoia chain".<ref>{{harvnb|George|Wilcox|1996|p=292}}</ref> | |||
| In 1979, Frankhouser was also placed on the payroll as a security consultant, after convincing LaRouche that he was actively connected to U.S. intelligence agencies. A government official later said that Frankhouser was one of the few people who could call LaRouche directly.<ref name=Clark&Weibel>{{harvnb|Clark|Weibel|1987}}</ref> Forrest Lee Fick, an associate of Frankhouser from the KKK, was added as a consultant in 1982.<ref name=Clark&Weibel/> Frankhouser and Fick later testified that, to justify their $700-per-week paychecks, they had invented connections to the CIA, written memos purporting to be from CIA agents, and warned of imaginary assassination plots against the LaRouches.<ref>Mintz, December 18, 1987; Wald 1987.</ref> George and Wilcox called Frankhouser's deception "one of the biggest hoaxes in the annals of political extremism" made possible by what they called LaRouche's obsession with conspiracy theories.<ref>{{harvnb |George|Wilcox|1996|p=289}}</ref> | |||
| ===Allegations of fascism, anti-Semitism=== | |||
| {{See|Views of Lyndon LaRouche#Zionism, Jews, and the Holocaust}} | |||
| From the mid-1970s onwards, the mainstream press and other commentators repeatedly alleged that LaRouche and his movement had fascist, neo-Nazi, and anti-Semitic tendencies.<ref>For example, Rosenfeld 1976; Horowitz 1981; Lerman 1988; Griffin and Feldman 2004, p. 144; Blamires 2006. In 1976, ], later chairman of the ], called the ] a group of "leftwing fascists (Associated Press 1976); also see King 1989, chapters 7, 10, and pp. 27–30.</ref> LaRouche has argued strongly against fascism, and religious or racial hatred. He wrote in 2006, "Religious and racial hatred, such as anti-Semitism, or hatred against Islam, or, hatred of Christians, is, on record of known history, the most evil expression of criminality to be seen on the planet today."<ref>LaRouche, September 17, 2006.</ref> Descriptions of him as a neo-fascist or anti-Semite stem from "the drug lobby or the Soviet operation—which is sometimes the same thing," according to one of his publications.<ref>{{harvnb|Associated Press|1986}}</ref> | |||
| According to Cyprian Blamires, LaRouche has called for a dictatorship led by a "humanist elite," and has shown hostility toward a range of targets, including feminism, homosexuality, environmentalism, and organized labor.<ref>{{harvnb|Blamires|2006}}</ref> Tim Wohlforth and Dennis Tourish write that the parallel between LaRouche's thinking and the classic fascist model is "striking:" | |||
| <blockquote>LaRouche, like Mussolini and Hitler before him, borrowed from Marx yet changed his theories fundamentally. Most important, Marx's internationalist outlook was abandoned in favor of a narrow nation-state perspective. Marx's goal of abolishing capitalism was replaced by the model of a totalitarian state that directs an economy where ownership of the means of production is still largely in private hands. The corporations and their owners remain in place but have to take their orders from LaRouche. Hitler called the schema "]." LaRouche hopes the term "the American System" will be more acceptable.<ref>{{harvnb|Tourish|Wohlforth|2000}}</ref></blockquote> | |||
| ] writes that LaRouche's overriding ideology is that, as LaRouche put it, "History is nothing but conspiracies," and that the main group behind the conspiracies are the Jews, mostly wealthy ones such as the Rothschilds. According to Lerman, LaRouche uses "the British" as a code for Jews to avoid being accused of anti-Semitism. LaRouche refers to this group as the "Zionist-British organism," and sees them as having "evolved through moral depravity and inbreeding into a separate species outside the human race," writes Lerman; the British, led by the Jews, are in control of terrorism and drug networks, and it is the mission of LaRouche's NCLC to wipe them out.<ref>{{harvnb|Lerman|1988|p=213}}</ref> ] argues against Lerman that LaRouche's references to the British really are to the British, though he agrees that an alleged British-Jewish alliance lies at the heart of LaRouche's ].<ref>{{harvnb|Pipes|1997|p=137, 142}}</ref> George Johnson writes in ''The New York Times'' that the allegations fail to take into account that several members of LaRouche's inner circle are themselves Jewish.<ref>{{harvnb|Johnson|1989b}}</ref> | |||
| ==1980s== | |||
| ], a national office of the ] in the 1980s]] | |||
| ===National Democratic Policy Committee=== | |||
| From the autumn of 1979, with the disbanding of the U.S. Labor Party, the LaRouche movement conducted most of its U.S. electoral activities within the framework of the ], a political action committee whose name drew complaints from the ]. Democratic leaders refused to recognize LaRouche as a party member, or to seat the few delegates he received in his seven primary campaigns as a Democrat.<ref>{{harvnb|Bradley|2004}}</ref> | |||
| LaRouche's campaign platforms have included a return to the ], including a gold-based national and world monetary system, fixed exhange rates, and ending the ];<ref name=Ben>Benshoff 1992</ref> the replacement of the ] system, including the U.S. ], with a ];<ref>{{harvnb|Tipton|1986}}</ref> a war on drug trafficking and prosecution of banks involved in money laundering;<ref>''The Boston Globe'', February 26, 1980; {{harvnb|Sherman|1986}}</ref> building a ]; the building of ]s; a crash program to build ]s and ]s, including support for elements of the ] (SDI); opposition to the ] and support for a military buildup to prepare for imminent war; the screening and quarantine of ] patients; and opposition to environmentalism, outcome-based education, and abortion.<ref name="Marxist 1986. pg. 4">Rightist LaRouche started out as a a Marxist; Chicago Sun—Times. Chicago, Ill.: Mar 20, 1986, p. 4; Reeves 1994; Boei 1989.</ref> | |||
| ==="October Surprise"=== | |||
| In the early 1980s, according to a number of journalists—including ] in ''Newsweek'' and ] in ''American Journalism Review''—LaRouche and his followers started the "]" allegation that, in 1980, Ronald Reagan's campaign staff conspired with the Iranian government to delay the release of 52 American hostages, in order to help defeat President ]. The Iranians agreed to this, according to the theory, in exchange for future weapons sales from the Reagan administration. The first publication of the story was in ''Executive Intelligence Review'' on December 2, 1980, followed up in ''New Solidarity'', on September 2, 1983, alleging that Henry Kissinger, one of LaRouche's regular targets, had "held a series of secret meetings during the week of November 12 in Paris with representatives of Ayatollah Beheshti, leader of the fundamentalist clergy in Iran." The story said that, "Top level intelligence sources in Reagan's inner circle confirmed Kissinger's unreported talks with the Iranian mullahs, but stressed that the Kissinger initiative was totally unauthorized by the president-elect." The allegations were attributed to Iranian sources in Paris. Although ultimately discredited, the story was widely discussed in conspiracy circles during the 1980s and 1990s.<ref>{{harvnb|Barry|1991}}, {{harvnb|Emerson|1993}}; also see {{harvnb|Pipes|2003}}.</ref> | |||
| ===1982: Dispute with ''U.S. News''=== | |||
| In 1982, '']'' sued New Solidarity International Press Service and Campaigner Publications for damages, alleging that LaRouche reporters were impersonating its reporters in phone calls. LaRouche and his aide, Jeffrey Steinberg, gave depositions that revealed their policy of pretending to be from non-existent publications, and of infiltrating the campaigns of competing presidential nominees. Without admitting guilt, the LaRouche group agreed not to impersonate ''U.S. News'' reporters in future.<ref>Mintz, January 14, 1985</ref> | |||
| ===Strategic Defense Initiative=== | |||
| In the mid-1980s, the LaRouche campaign was noted for its support of Ronald Reagan's ], known as "SDI" or "Star Wars." General Paul-Albert Scherer, a LaRouche supporter and former head of West German Military Counterintelligence, said in 1992 that LaRouche, whom he described as a "scientific-technological strategic expert," had been the originator of the SDI. Scherer also said LaRouche had been involved in ] communications between the Reagan administration and the Russian embassy, during the year before Reagan's announcement of the policy in March 1983.<ref>{{harvnb|Gallagher|2004}}; {{harvnb|Scherer|1992}}.</ref> | |||
| Physicist ], a principal proponent of SDI and ]s, told reporters in 1984 that he had been courted by LaRouche, but kept his distance. LaRouche began calling his plan the "LaRouche-Teller proposal," though they had never met. In Teller's words, LaRouche was "a poorly informed man with fantastic conceptions."<ref name="Siano 1992">{{harvnb|Siano|1992}}</ref> LaRouche later attributed the collapse of the Soviet Union to its refusal to follow his advice to accept Reagan's offer to share the technology.<ref>LaRouche, February 1, 2003.</ref> | |||
| ===Space colonization=== | |||
| LaRouche's promotion of space colonization included dealings with German scientists and engineers who had worked under the Nazi government in Germany during the ], some of whom had emigrated to the U.S. after the war under ], and had ended up working for ]. They included ] and several other Peenemunde rocket experts, such as ], ], ], and ]. When Rudolph was forced to renounce his U.S. citizenship after an investigation into his past, LaRouche supporters formed a defense fund for him.<ref name="Siano 1992"/> LaRouche also collaborated with Ehricke on ideas about the colonization of the moon and Mars.<ref>{{harvnb|King|1989|location=chapter 10}}</ref> After Ehricke's death, LaRouche sponsored the "Krafft Ehricke Memorial Conference," and in 1988 delivered a national TV broadcast titled "The Woman on Mars."<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche Political Action Committee|1988}}</ref><!--what is the point being made in the next sentence, and is it connected to space colonization? -- LaRouche also had a relationship with Karl-Adolf Zenker, a West German Admiral, and Paul-Albert Scherer, former head of West German Military Intelligence, who both served in the German military in World War II.<ref>{{harvnb|Hunt|1991}}; {{harvnb|King|1989|location=chapter 10}}</ref>--> | |||
| ===1984: Schiller Institute; NSC=== | |||
| {{See|Helga Zepp-LaRouche|Schiller Institute}} | |||
| ] | |||
| In 1984, Helga Zepp-LaRouche founded the Schiller Institute in Germany, with LaRouche, ] and ].<ref>Syracuse Herald, August 13, 1995; {{harvnb|Zepp-LaRouche|2004}}</ref> | |||
| In the same year, LaRouche was able to raise enough money to purchase 14 television spots, at a cost of $330,000 each.<ref>{{harvnb|Lowther|1986}}</ref> In one of them, he called ], the Democratic Party's Presidential candidate, "an agent of influence" of the Soviet intelligence services, triggering over 1,000 complaints about the spot, which CBS was legally obliged to air.<ref>Associated Press, October 25, 1984.</ref> On April 19, 1986, '']'' aired a sketch satirizing the ads, portraying ] and ] as drug dealers. | |||
| There were reports in November 1984 that LaRouche and his aides had been meeting with officials of the ], including several meetings and phone calls with ], then senior director of international economic affairs for the National Security Council (NSC), and with Richard Morris, special assistant to ]<ref name=CIA>''Philadelphia Daily News'', November 1, 1984.</ref> There were also reported contacts with the ], the ], and the CIA.<ref>{{harvnb|Green|1985}}</ref> The LaRouche campaign said the report was full of errors.<ref name=CIA/> According to Bailey, the contacts were broken off when they became public. Bailey praised LaRouche's staff that year as "one of the best private intelligence services in the world," though he said he disagreed with the movement's ideas and tactics.<ref name=Mintz85/><ref>{{harvnb|Hume|1986}}</ref> Three years later, LaRouche blamed his criminal indictment on the NSC because he had been in conflict with ] over LaRouche's opposition to the Nicaraguan ].<ref>St. Petersburg Times, July 9, 1987.</ref> According to a LaRouche-sponsored publication, court-ordered search of North's files produced a May 1986 telex from ] defendant General ], discussing the gathering of information to be used against LaRouche.<ref>{{Cite news|page= A17|author= Associated Press|title = LaRouche Lawyers Seek North's Notebooks|work = ]|date = April 7, 1988|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DE1D8103AF934A35757C0A96E948260}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | title = It's Time for Truth-In-Justice in Virginia: The LaRouche Cases in Virginia| accessdate = October 12, 2008| publisher=] |url = http://web.archive.org/web/20071114022738/http://www.larouchepub.com/exon/exon_add4_virginia.html }}</ref> | |||
| ===Meetings with world leaders=== | |||
| LaRouche met with Argentine President ], Indian Prime Minister ], and Mexican President ] in 1985.<ref name=Mintz85>{{harvnb|Mintz|1985}}</ref> A Mexican official told ''The New York Times'' that LaRouche had arranged the meeting with Portillo by representing himself as an official from the Democratic Party in 1986.<ref>Toner, April 4, 1986</ref> Portillo continued to maintain a relationship with LaRouche, and endorsed his candidacy for the Democratic presidential nomination in 1999, according to the LaRouche movement.<ref>''Executive Intelligence Review'', February 27, 2004</ref> Turkish Prime Minister ] reportedly met with LaRouche in 1987, then severely reprimanded his aides who had mistaken LaRouche for the Democratic Presidential candidate.<ref>{{cite news|title=Turkish Leader Meets LaRouche By Mistake|work=San Francisco Chronicle|date=July 30, 1987|page=13}}</ref> | |||
| ===1984: The NBC lawsuit=== | |||
| ] | |||
| The ] (NBC) aired a news segment and a "First Camera" report on LaRouche in 1984. Produced by Pat Lynch, the reports included interviews with former members of the movement who gave details about their fundraising practices and alleged that LaRouche had spoken about assassinating U.S. President ]. The report said that an investigation by the IRS would lead to an indictment. It quoted Irwin Suall, the ADL's fact-finding director, calling LaRouche a "small-time Hitler." | |||
| LaRouche filed a defamation suit against NBC and the ] (ADL). The LaRouche organization said the NBC programs were the result of a deliberate campaign of defamation against him.<ref>''Executive Intelligence Review,'' undated(b).</ref><ref>''Executive Intelligence Review,'' undated(c).</ref> The judge ruled that NBC need not reveal its sources, and LaRouche lost the case. NBC won a countersuit, the jury awarding the network $3 million in damages, later reduced to $258,459, for misuse of libel law, in what was called one of the more celebrated countersuits by a libel defendant.<ref>{{harvnb|Costantini|Nash|1990}}; Mintz, January 14, 1985; Associated Press, November 16, 1986; Associated Press, February 24, 1985.</ref> | |||
| LaRouche failed to pay the damages, pleading poverty, which Federal District Judge Claude M. Hilton described as "completely lacking in credibility."<ref>Associated Press, February 24, 1985.</ref> LaRouche said that, since 1973, he did not know who paid the rent on the estate, or for his food, lodging, clothing, transportation, bodyguards, and lawyers. The judge fined him for failing to answer.<ref>Associated Press, August 10, 1986.</ref> After the judge signed an order to allow discovery of LaRouche's personal finances, a cashier's check was delivered to the court to end the case.<ref>Associated Press, September 20, 1986.</ref> | |||
| When LaRouche appealed, the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals, in rejecting his arguments, set forth a three-pronged test, later called the "LaRouche test," to decide when anonymous sources must be named in libel cases.<ref>''Executive Intelligence Review,'' undated(a); ; , Electronic Frontier Foundation.</ref> | |||
| In 1986, former security consultant Forrest Lee Fick said in an NBC interview that Paul Goldstein, a member of LaRouche's security team, had suggested killing ]. According to Fick, Goldstein said he had information about Kissinger's schedule and said they should place a bomb under his car.<ref>{{harvnb|Roderick|1986a}}</ref> Goldstein denied the charges, and the LaRouche movement tried to obtain the unedited interview, plus information on any payments given to Fick, to impeach Fick's testimony.<ref> No. 87-2054. United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit. Heard January 5, 1988. Decided March 9, 1988.]</ref> | |||
| ===1986: AIDS, electoral success=== | |||
| In 1986, LaRouche proposed that AIDS be added to California's List of Communicable Diseases. Sponsored by the "Prevent AIDS Now Initiative Committee" (PANIC), it came to be known as the "LaRouche Initiative." The proposal, ], qualified for the California ballot in 1986, with the required signature gatherers mostly paid for by LaRouche's Campaigner Publications.<ref>{{harvnb|Roderick|1986}}</ref> Opponents said the measure could have required universal testing and the ] of infected individuals, while proponents denied this, arguing that it simply allowed for standard public health measures to be taken. It was defeated, reintroduced two years later, and defeated again. AIDS was a leading plank in LaRouche's platform during his 1988 presidential campaign. He vowed to quarantine its "aberrant" victims who are "guilty of bringing this pandemic upon us."<ref>{{harvnb|Roderick|1986}}; ''The Gazette'', June 29, 1987.</ref> | |||
| In March 1986, LaRouche NDPC candidates ] and Mark Fairchild won the Democratic primary for state-wide offices in Illinois, surprising the political establishment and bringing LaRouche national attention.<ref>{{harvnb|Frantz|1986}}</ref> The Democratic gubernatorial candidate, ], temporarily left the Democratic Party rather than run on the same slate as LaRouche movement members. Both he and the LaRouche candidates lost in November.<ref>{{harvnb|Kaufman|1988}}</ref> | |||
| On April 10, 1986, LaRouche held a press conference at the ], attended by up to 200 reporters, during which, according to the Associated Press, he accused the Soviet government, British government, drug dealers, international bankers, and journalists of being involved in a variety of conspiracies.<ref>{{harvnb|McLaughlin|1986}}</ref> Flanked by bodyguards,<ref>{{harvnb|Estill|1986}}</ref> he said that "If Abe Lincoln were alive, he'd probably be standing up here with me today," and that accusations by the ADL that he was anti-Semitic, and other criticism of him, were made on behalf of the drug lobby or a Soviet operation. He said that he had been in danger from Soviet assassins for over 13 years, and had to live in ]s.<ref name=LAT1986/> He refused to answer a question from an NBC reporter, saying "How can I talk with a drug pusher like you?" He called the leadership of the U.S. "idiotic" and "berserk," and its foreign policy "criminal or insane." He warned of the imminent collapse of the banking system and accused banks of laundering drug money, saying, "you have to jail the bankers who do that—like Donald Regan, presently chief of staff of the White House—put them in jail where they belong."<ref name=LAT1986>"LaRouche Calls Critics Insane, Wants Regan Put in Jail," Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles, Calif.: Apr 10, 1986. pg. 6</ref> (The ] issued a statement saying LaRouche's charges against ] were "absolutely groundless and as outrageous as the source they come from."<ref>"The right response/LaRouche links Regan to drug money, but has praise for White," ''Houston Chronicle'', Apr 10, 1986.</ref>) Asked about the movement's finances, he said "I don't know. ... I'm not responsible, I'm not involved in that."<ref name=Eichel>{{harvnb|Eichel|1986}}</ref> | |||
| ===1988: Criminal conviction=== | |||
| {{Main|LaRouche criminal trials}} | |||
| ].]] | |||
| In October 1986, hundreds of state and federal officers raided LaRouche offices in Virginia and Massachusetts. A federal grand jury in Boston, Massachusetts, indicted LaRouche and 12 associates on ] and ]. Roy Frankhouser was tried separately and convicted of obstructing the investigation. The trial of the remaining defendants was repeatedly delayed and ended in mistrial. Following the mistrial, a federal grand jury in Alexandria, Virginia, indicted LaRouche and six associates with conspiring to commit fraud, and soliciting loans they had no intention of repaying. They disputed the charges, and alleged that the trials were politically motivated.<ref name=LATimes1989>''Los Angeles Times,'' January 27, 1989.</ref> | |||
| A number of LaRouche entities, including the Fusion Energy Foundation, were alleged by the government to have defrauded supporters and were shut down with an unusual involuntary bankruptcy proceeding in 1987. | |||
| On December 16, 1988, LaRouche was convicted of conspiracy to commit mail fraud involving more than $30 million in defaulted loans; 11 counts of actual mail fraud involving $294,000 in defaulted loans; and one count of conspiring to defraud the U.S. Internal Revenue Service. He was sentenced to prison for fifteen years. The judge said that the claim of a political vendetta was "arrant (total) nonsense," and that "the idea that this organization is a sufficient threat to anything that would warrant the government bringing a prosecution to silence them just defies human experience."<ref>''The Washington Post,'' July 4, 1989.</ref> | |||
| LaRouche's associates received lesser sentences for mail fraud and conspiracy.<ref name=LATimes1989/> Jury foreman Buster Horton told ''The Washington Post'' that it was the failure of LaRouche's aides to repay loans that swayed the jury in the Virginia case, and that the jury "all agreed was not on trial for his political beliefs. We did not convict him for that. He was convicted for those 13 counts he was on trial for." <ref>''The Washington Post,'' December 17, 1988.</ref> In separate state trials in Virginia and New York, 13 associates received terms ranging from one month to 77 years. The Virginia state trials were described as the highest-profile cases the state Attorney General's office had ever prosecuted.<ref>{{harvnb|Edds|1995}}</ref> Fourteen states issued ]s against LaRouche-related organizations, three of which were forced into bankruptcy after failing to pay ] fines. | |||
| Defense lawyers filed numerous unsuccessful appeals that challenged the conduct of the grand jury, the contempt fines, the execution of the search warrants and various trial procedures. At least ten appeals were heard by the ], and three were appealed to the ]. Former U.S. Attorney General Ramsey Clark joined the defense team for two appeals. Clark wrote that the case involved "a broader range of deliberate and systematic misconduct and abuse of power over a longer period of time in an effort to destroy a political movement and leader, than any other federal prosecution in my time or to my knowledge."<ref name=renoletter /><ref>{{harvnb|Ford|1995}}</ref> | |||
| LaRouche had the ] (BOP) register number 15204-083, and he was released from BOP custody on January 26, 1994.<ref>"." ]. Retrieved on January 8, 2010.</ref> | |||
| ==1990s== | |||
| ===1989: Imprisonment=== | |||
| <!--this section needs to be fleshed out a little-->LaRouche began his jail sentence in 1989 and served it at the ] located in ]. From there he ran for Congress in 1990, seeking to represent the ], but received less than one percent of the vote. He ran for President again in 1992 with ], a civil rights activist who had represented the LaRouche movement in its pursuit of the ], as his running mate.<ref>{{harvnb|Dorr|1992}}</ref> It was only the second campaign for president from prison ever, following the 1920 campaign of perennial ] candidate ].<ref>INSIDE POLITICS; Felons Make Lineup for State's Presidential Primary; Patt Morrison. Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles, Calif.: Jan 5, 2004. pg. B.2</ref> | |||
| During part of his imprisonment he shared a cell with televangelist ]. Bakker later wrote of his astonishment at LaRouche's detailed knowledge of the Bible. According to Bakker, LaRouche received a daily briefing each morning by phone, often in German. Bakker reports that on more than one occasion LaRouche had information days before it was reported on the network news. Bakker also wrote that his cellmate was convinced that their cell was bugged. In Bakker's view, "to say LaRouche was a little paranoid would be like saying that the ''Titanic'' had a little leak."<ref>{{harvnb|Bakker|Abraham|1996|p=250}}</ref> | |||
| ===1994: Release on parole=== | |||
| LaRouche was released on parole in 1994. That year, his followers joined members of the ] to condemn the ] for its alleged crimes against African Americans, reportedly one of several such joint meetings since 1992.<ref>{{harvnb|Goodstein|1994}}</ref> In 1996, LaRouche was invited to speak at a convention organized by the Nation of Islam's ] and ], then of the National African American Leadership Summit. As soon as LaRouche began speaking, he was booed off the stage; one delegate said it was because of his actions against African Americans in the past.<ref>{{harvnb|Quintin|1996}}</ref> | |||
| In the ], LaRouche received enough votes in Louisiana and Virginia to get one delegate from each state. However, before the primaries began the Democratic National Committee chair, ], had determined that LaRouche was not a "bona fide Democrat" because of his "expressed political beliefs ... which are explicitly racist and anti-Semitic," and because of his "past activities including exploitation of and defrauding contributors and voters." Fowler instructed state parties to disregard votes for LaRouche.<ref>Case: court=dc no=967191a</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bligh|2008}}</ref> LaRouche sued in federal court, claiming a violation of the ]. After losing in the district court, the case was appealed to the First District Court of Appeals, which upheld the lower court's decision.<ref>LaRouche v. Fowler, August 28, 1998.</ref> | |||
| In 1999, the '']'' reported that LaRouche had criticized the ], a congressional investigation that accused the Chinese of stealing U.S. nuclear weapons secrets.<ref>'']'', June 4, 1999.</ref> LaRouche called the report "intrinsically fraudulent," and "a reflection of the kind of scientific illiteracy" of its writers.<ref>LaRouche, June 4, 1999.</ref> | |||
| On October 13, 1999 LaRouche, during a press conference to announce plans to run for president, predicted a collapse of the world's financial system, stating, "There's nothing like it in this century.... it is systematic, and therefore, inevitable." He added that the US and other nations had built the "biggest financial bubble in all history" which was close to bankruptcy.<ref>{{cite web | last = '']'' | first = | date = October 25, 1999 | url = | title = LaRouche Vows to Change U.S. Politics if Elected President. | format = ] article | work = | accessdate = January 13, 2009}}</ref> | |||
| ==2000s== | |||
| ===2000: Worldwide LaRouche Youth Movement=== | |||
| ] | |||
| {{See|Worldwide LaRouche Youth Movement}} | |||
| LaRouche founded the Worldwide LaRouche Youth Movement (WLYM) in 2000, saying it had hundreds of members in the U.S. by 2004, and a "lesser number abroad."<ref>{{harvnb|Witt2004}}; {{harvnb|Silva|2006}}.</ref> During the 2000 Democratic primaries, he scored in double digits in multiple states, with his best showing in Arkansas, where he received 22 percent of the vote to Vice President ]'s 78 percent. In the Kentucky primary, he placed third with 11 percent, behind Gore and ]. These showings came after Bradley had ceased contesting the nomination and the race was generally considered settled. | |||
| In 2002, in a speech to the ], he discussed his proposal for a ]<ref>LaRouche, June 2, 2002.</ref> Afterwards, he said that the ] could not have taken place without connivance from someone inside the Bush administration. According to the Anti-Defamation League, he also referred during the question-and-answer session after his speech to "Jewish gangsters," and "]" who were "bought by money, the so-called Zionist money."<ref>{{harvnb|Anti-Defamation League|2003}}</ref> | |||
| ===2003: Death of Jeremiah Duggan=== | |||
| {{Main|Death of Jeremiah Duggan}} | |||
| LaRouche's movement came to international attention in 2003 when ], a Jewish student from the UK attending a conference organized by the Schiller Institute and LaRouche Youth Movement, died in ], Germany, after he ran down a motorway and was hit by several cars. The German authorities declared his death a suicide. A British court ruled out suicide and decided that Duggan had died while "in a state of terror."<ref name=Witt2004p3/> Duggan's mother believes he died in connection with an attempt to recruit him to the LaRouche movement. A spokesman for the German public prosecution service has said the mother simply cannot accept that her son committed suicide.<ref name=Degen>{{harvnb|Degen|2007}}</ref> | |||
| The controversy around Duggan's death has remained in the news; in 2006, LaRouche released a statement describing the media reports as a press "hoax" orchestrated by ], then the Vice-President of the United States, and Cheney's wife.<ref name=LaRoucheNov2006>LaRouche, Lyndon H. , Lyndon LaRouche political action committee, November 8, 2006.</ref> | |||
| Most recently, the High Court in London on May 20, 2010 ordered a new inquest into Duggan's death, based on evidence suggesting that the traffic accident in which he died might have been staged.<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/london/8694448.stm.</ref> | |||
| ===2004–2005: Electoral and lobbying activities=== | |||
| LaRouche again entered the primary elections for the Democratic Party's nomination in 2004, setting a record for the number of consecutive presidential campaigns. LaRouche was present in Boston during the ], but did not attend the convention itself. He held a press conference in which he declared his support for ], and pledged to mobilize his organization to help defeat ] in the ]. | |||
| In 2005, he campaigned against the privatization of ], asserting that this was an issue that could successfully mobilize the population against the policies of the Bush administration.<ref>{{harvnb|Gallagher|undated}}</ref> | |||
| ===Reception in Russia and China=== | |||
| In ], ] characterizes LaRouche as a well-known dissident and founder of "physical economy".<ref>], Centrasia.ru, July 27, 2006 </ref><ref>Maxim Kalashnikov, KM.RU news, July 10, 2009 </ref> Tatania Shishov, writing in '']'', describes LaRouche as "the greatest American economist, a prominent politician, one of the first to struggle with the financial oligarchy and its major institutions - the World Bank and IMF. He has no equal in the field of economic and financial forecasts."<ref>Shishov, Tatania, "Globalization - Greatest Scam of the Twentieth Century," ], June 29, 2008</ref> GG Pirogov of the ] calls him "one of the greatest original thinkers of the twentieth century."<ref>GG Pirogov, conference presentation to the Lebedev Institute of Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FIAN) </ref> Russian economist and LaRouche movement member ] says that LaRouche is among those few economists who look at the root causes, and therefore see what others cannot see.<ref>Menshikov, ''Slovo'', October 17, 2008 <br/> Printed in translation in ''Executive Intelligence Review'', October 24, 2008, pp17-22 </ref> | |||
| LaRouche publications report that he addressed both the Economics Committee of the Russian ] and the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2007; also that year, a paper by LaRouche was presented by Jonathan Tennenbaum, a member of the LaRouche movement, at a conference in Moscow on the Russian plan to build a tunnel under the ].<ref>LaRouche Political Action Committee, April 25, 2007.</ref> On May 15, 2007, he addressed the Russian Academy of Sciences to commemorate the 80th birthday of ], according to LaRouche PAC.<ref>LaRouche Political Action Committee, undated.</ref> In November 2005, an eight-part interview with LaRouche was published in the ] of China, covering his economic forecasts, his battles with the American media, and his assessment of the neoconservatives.<ref>{{harvnb|Tang|2005}}</ref> | |||
| Iqbal Qazwini, writing in the Arabic-language daily ], says that that LaRouche was one of the first who predicted the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1988, and German unification. LaRouche also urged the West to pursue a policy of economic cooperation with the socialist countries like the Marshall Plan after World War II, which rebuilt Germany. Qazwini goes on to say that in recent years there has been a proliferation of the ideas of LaRouche in China and South Asia, calling him the spiritual father of the new Silk Road or Eurasian Landbridge, a massive industrial project which aims to link the continents together through networks of advanced ground transportation accompanied by the creation of industrial and agricultural development zones, and bring development to areas that had been kept isolated and backward.<ref>Qazwini, Iqbal, "Major International Crises Need a Giant Project to Overcome Them," , January 23,</ref> | |||
| ===2007: LaRouche on the financial crisis=== | |||
| Russian economist ], close to the LaRouche Movement, wrote that, in a July 25, 2007 webcast,<ref> July 25, 2007, LaRouche PAC</ref> LaRouche was the first to observe disorder in the mortgage sector and to conclude that the financial system was crumbling.<ref name=Menshikov2008>Menshikov, Stanislav, "The crisis is galloping on the planet,", ''Slovo'', October 17, 2008</ref> LaRouche subsequently proposed legislation, the "Homeowners and Banks Protection Act of 2007",<ref>Text of Bill , published in ''EIR'', February 13, 2009</ref> to halt foreclosures, freeze mortgage rates, and write off speculative debt obligations. Menshikov asserted that the proposal could have prevented the crisis had it been enacted. According to a LaRouche PAC release, over 100 cities and several states passed resolutions in support of the bill.<ref>LaRouche PAC release, "Pass the Homeowners & Bank Protection Act," , undated</ref> | |||
| According to ], the official newspaper of ], LaRouche warned in July 2007 that unless US stopped monopolizing world finances, and united with China, Russia, and India to reorganize the world financial system, a new world wide credit crisis would be unavoidable.<ref>] 2009-07-24</ref> ] Senior Editor Jeffrey Steinberg, writing in ] government newspaper ''Narodnaya Gazeta'', says that LaRouche proposed a new system of international relations, built around the joint work of four leading powers—the United States, Russia, China and India. According to Steinberg, the proposal would create a core group of powerful nations whose activities would be based on respect for national sovereignty and aims to establish a rapid economic development through investment in large infrastructure development projects in Eurasia.<ref></ref> LaRouche repeated the call for economic cooperation between the governments of the US, China, Russia, and India at a November 2007 meeting in Los Angeles of the Forum on US-China Relations and China's Peaceful Reunification.<ref>*{{cite web | last = '']'' | first = | date = November 24, 2007 | url = | title = US economist: US, China should join hands to reform world financial system | format = ] article | work = ] | accessdate = January 13, 2009}}</ref> | |||
| LaRouche was credited by a newspaper and two politicians in Italy as having forecast the ]. On December 17, 2008, Ivo Caizzi of '']'' referred to LaRouche as "the guru politician who, since the nineties, has announced the crash of speculative finances and the need for a New ]." The article said that Italian Economics Minister ] was "an attentive reader" of LaRouche's anti-] and anti-] writings.<ref>Caizzi 2008</ref> In a translation on a LaRouche website, Italian Europarliamentarian ] of the ] was quoted as calling LaRouche, "an heretical economist who had forecast the financial crisis much in advance, and who has long since developed a lucid and deep analysis of the distortions in the world economic system."<ref>'']'', December 18, 2008, p. 12.</ref> Italian Senator ], in a July 2009 speech before the Senate, called LaRouche an expert in the field who had predicted the crisis.<ref> July 21, 2009. Google translation: "Our appeals and those of many other experts in the field, like that of American economist Lyndon LaRouche, have unfortunately remained unanswered, with the result that today we face a crisis that threatens to become a disaster like that of 1929. Today, all call for a new Bretton Woods, including Minister Tremonti."</ref> | |||
| '']'' reports that LaRouche's solution to the crisis includes "fixed currency-exchange rates, massive spending on new nuclear reactors, and a rejection of all global-warming ideas" and that failure to follow his advice will result, according to LaRouche, in "a plunge of the planet into a mass-murderous new dark age."<ref>{{cite news|title=Inside Washington|first=Neil |last=Munro |work=]|location= Washington, D.C. |date=April 5, 2008|volume=40|issue=14|page=1}}</ref> | |||
| ===2007: Death of Kenneth Kronberg===<!--this section is linked to--> | |||
| {{Main|Kenneth Kronberg}} | |||
| ] | |||
| In April 2007, Kenneth Kronberg, a longtime associate of LaRouche and co-founder of the Schiller Institute's '']'' magazine, committed suicide. Kronberg ran a printing service for the LaRouche movement in Sterling, VA, and was in arrears with tax payments, because groups within the movement were late with their payments for his services.<ref>''The Washington Post'', May 1, 2007.</ref> On April 11, Kronberg leapt off a Route 28 overpass in Sterling shortly after seeing the movement's so-called "morning briefing," a daily summary of material members are expected to read, which reflects the outcome of executive committee meetings held at LaRouche's home.<ref>Sources disagree as to whether LaRouche was the author of the briefing. Jana Wagoner writes in the ''Loudoun Times-Mirror'' that LaRouche wrote it; see , August 25, 2009. Avi Klein writes in the ''Washington Monthly'' that a close associate did; see , November 2007.</ref> The briefing attacked "]" like Kronberg, and singled his print shop out for criticism, adding, "The Boomers will be scared into becoming human, because you're in the real world, and they're not. Unless they want to commit suicide."<ref name=Klein2007>{{harvnb|Klein|2007}}</ref> Kronberg's widow filed suit against LaRouche and others in August 2009, charging that they had libeled her by implying that her support for the re-election of George W. Bush drove her husband to suicide, and that she had committed perjury at LaRouche's trial in 1988 to help secure his conviction.<ref name=Wagoner>{{harvnb|Wagoner|2009}}</ref> | |||
| ===2009: LaRouche on Obama===<!--this section is linked to--> | |||
| ], 2009]] | |||
| In 2009, during discussion of U.S. health care reform, LaRouche said he supported a ] policy, as opposed to the plan proposed by President ]. LaRouche compared Obama to ], and the proposed health-insurance reform to Hitler's ] euthanasia program.<ref>LaRouche Political Action Committee, July 22, 2009.</ref> He said Americans must "quickly and suddenly change the behavior of this president ... for no lesser reason than that your sister might not end up in somebody's gas oven."<ref>Overley August 23, 2009.</ref> The movement printed pamphlets showing Obama and Hitler laughing together, and posters of Obama wearing a Hitler-style mustache.<ref>Schultz July 23, 2009.</ref> In Seattle, police were called twice in response to people threatening to tear the posters apart, or to assault the LaRouche supporters holding them.<ref>McNerthney July 14, 2009.</ref> During one widely reported public meeting, Congressman ] referred to the posters as "vile, contemptible nonsense."<ref>CNN, August 19, 2009</ref> | |||
| ==Books by LaRouche== | |||
| {{refbegin|2}} | |||
| *''Dialectical Economics An Introduction to Marxist Political Economy''. Lexington, Mass: Heath, 1975. ISBN 0-669-85308-9 | |||
| *''The Case of Walter Lippmann A Presidential Strategy''. New York: Campaigner Publications, 1977. ISBN 0-918388-06-6 | |||
| *''How to Defeat Liberalism and William F. Buckley 1980 Campaign Policy''. New York: New Benjamin Franklin House Pub. Co, 1979. ISBN 0-933488-03-3 | |||
| *''The Power of Reason A Kind of Autobiography''. New York: New Benjamin Franklin House Pub. House, 1979. ISBN 0-933488-01-7 | |||
| *''Will the Soviets Rule During the 1980<nowiki>'</nowiki>s''. New York: New Benjamin Franklin House Pub. Co, 1979. ISBN 0-933488-02-5 | |||
| *''Basic Economics for Conservative Democrats''. New York: New Benjamin Franklin House Pub. Co, 1980. ISBN 0-933488-04-1 | |||
| *''What Every Conservative Should Know About Communism''. New York: New Benjamin Franklin House Pub. Co, 1980. ISBN 0-933488-06-8 | |||
| *''Why Revival of "SALT" Won't Stop War''. New York: New Benjamin Franklin House Pub. Co, 1980. ISBN 0-933488-08-4 | |||
| *with ]. ''The Ugly Truth About Milton Friedman''. New York: New Benjamin Franklin House, 1980. ISBN 0-933488-09-2 | |||
| *''There Are No Limits to Growth''. New York: New Benjamin Franklin House, 1983. ISBN 0-933488-31-9 | |||
| *''So, You Wish to Learn All About Economics? A Text on Elementary Mathematical Economics''. New York: New Benjamin Franklin House, 1984. ISBN 0-943235-13-8 | |||
| *''Imperialism The Final Stage of Bolshevism''. New York: New Benjamin Franklin House, 1984. ISBN 0-933488-33-5 | |||
| *''The Power of Reason, 1988 An Autobiography''. Washington, D.C.: Executive Intelligence Review, 1987.ISBN 0-943235-00-6 | |||
| *''In Defense of Common Sense''. Washington, D.C.: Schiller Institute, 1989. ISBN 0-9621095-3-3 | |||
| *''The Science of Christian Economy''. Washington, D.C.: Schiller Institute, 1991. ISBN 0-9621095-6-8 | |||
| *with Paul Gallager. ''Cold Fusion: A Challenge to U.S. Science Policy''. Washington, D.C.: Schiller Institute, 1992. ISBN 0-9621095-7-6 | |||
| *''Now, Are You Ready to Learn About Economics?'' Washington, D.C.: EIR News Service, 2000. ISBN 0-943235-18-9 | |||
| *''The Economics of the Nöosphere'' Washington, D.C.: EIR News Service, 2001. ISBN 0-943235-20-0 | |||
| {{refend}} | |||
| ==Notes== | |||
| {{reflist|colwidth=18em}} | |||
| ==References== | |||
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| *{{citation|last=Mintz|first=John|date=Jan 31, 1987|year=1987a|title=Prosecutor Moves to Disarm LaRouche Guards; Lawyer for Security Men Tells Judge They Would Not Resist Law Enforcement Officers|work=The Washington Post|url= http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73794135.html?dids=73794135:73794135&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+31%2C+1987&author=John+Mintz&pub=The+Washington+Post+(pre-1997+Fulltex }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Mintz|first=John|date=May 17, 1987|year=1987b|title=LaRouche Filings: Plots, Spies; Judges Tomorrow to Sift Myriad Motions Filed by Corps of Lawyers|work=The Washington Post|url= http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73821110.html?dids=73821110:73821110&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=May+17%2C+1987&author=John+Mintz&pub=The+Washington+Post+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&edition=&startpage=a.16&desc=LaRouche+Filings%3A+Plots%2C+Spies%3B+Judges+Tomorrow+to+Sift+Myriad+Motions+Filed+by+Corps+of+Lawyers }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Mintz|first=John|date=Sep 22, 1987|year=1987c|title=Jury Selection Begins in LaRouche Fraud Case; Lawyers Say Trial, Which Could Last 3 Months, Promises to Be One of the Strangest|work=The Washington Post|date=September 22, 1987|url= http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73846336.html?dids=73846336:73846336&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Sep+22%2C+1987&author=John+Mintz&pub=The+Washington+Post+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&edition=&startpage=a.14&desc=Jury+Selection+Begins+in+LaRouche+Fraud+Case%3B+Lawyers+Say+Trial%2C+Which+Could+Last+3+Months%2C+Promises+to+Be+One+of+the+Strangest }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Mintz|first=John|date=Oct 20, 1987|year=1987d|title=Trial of LaRouche and 7 Aides May Be Delayed; Case of One Defendant May Be Severed, Heard First in Boston Federal Court|work=The Washington Post|date=October 20, 1987|url= http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73851733.html?dids=73851733:73851733&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Oct+20%2C+1987&author=John+Mintz&pub=The+Washington+Post+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&edition=&startpage=a.06&desc=Trial+of+LaRouche+and+7+Aides+May+Be+Delayed%3B+Case+of+One+Defendant+May+Be+Severed%2C+Heard+First+in+Boston+Federal+Court }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Mintz|first=John|date=Oct 21, 1987|year=1987e|title=Judge Delays Trials of LaRouche, Six Associates; Case of Former Ku Klux Klan Leader Frankhouser Is Severed and Will Be Tried First|work=The Washington Post|date=October 21, 1987|url= http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73851916.html?dids=73851916:73851916&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Oct+21%2C+1987&author=John+Mintz&pub=The+Washington+Post+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&edition=&startpage=a.10&desc=Judge+Delays+Trials+of+LaRouche%2C+Six+Associates%3B+Case+of+Former+Ku+Klux+Klan+Leader+Frankhouser+Is+Severed+and+Will+Be+Tried+First }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Mintz|first=John|date=Dec 18, 1987|year=1987f|title=Defense Calls LaRouche, Followers 'Most Annoying'; Trial Begins for Leesburg Group Accused of Obstructing Probe Into Its Fund-Raising|work=The Washington Post|date=December 18, 1987|url= http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73863058.html?dids=73863058:73863058&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Dec+18%2C+1987&author=John+Mintz&pub=The+Washington+Post+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&edition=&startpage=a.18&desc=Defense+Calls+LaRouche%2C+Followers+%60Most+Annoying%27%3B+Trial+Begins+for+Leesburg+Group+Accused+of+Obstructing+Probe+Into+Its+Fund-Raising }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Montgomery|first=Paul L.|title=How a Radical-Left Group Moved Toward Savagery|work=The New York Times|date=January 20, 1974|url= http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F50E17FB385F107A93C2AB178AD85F408785F9&scp=1&sq=How%20a%20Radical-Left%20Group%20Moved%20Toward%20Savagery&st=cse }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Montgomery|first=Paul L.|title=One Man Leads U.S. Labor Party on His Erratic Path|work=New York Times|date=October 8, 1979|url= http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F1061FF93F5C11728DDDA10894D8415B898BF1D3&scp=1&sq=One%20Man%20Leads%20U.S.%20Labor%20Party%20on%20His%20Erratic%20Path&st=cse }} | |||
| *{{citation|title=INSIDE POLITICS; Felons Make Lineup for State's Presidential Primary|first=Patt |last=Morrison|work=Los Angeles Times|date=Jan 5, 2004|page=B.2}} | |||
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| *{{citation|last=Overley|first=Jeff|date=August 23, 2009|title=LaRouche activists press message; Demonstrators battle health care overhaul by likening ideas to Hitler's policies|work=Orange County Register|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Perlman|first=Jeffrey A.|title=LaRouche Elbowing Into Limelight|work=Los Angeles Times|date=May 27, 1984|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Pipes|first=Daniel|year=2003|chapter=October Surprise|editor1-last=Knight|editor2-first=Peter|title= Conspiracy Theories in American History: An Encyclopedia, Volume 2|publisher= ABC-Clio|pages= 547–50|url= http://www.danielpipes.org/1654/the-october-surprise-theory }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Pipes|first=Daniel|year=1997|title=Conspiracy: How the Paranoid Style Flourishes and Where It Comes From|publisher=Free Press|isbn= 0684831317|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Quinton|first=Robinson|title=Million Man drive dips to hundreds; Gathering backs probe of CIA|work=The Commercial Appeal|date=September 30, 1996|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Ray|first=Linda|title=Breaking the Silence: An Ex-LaRouche Follower Tells Her Story|work=In These Times|date=October 29, 1986|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Rausch|first=John David|year=2003|chapter=Executive Intelligence Review|editor-last=Knight|editor-first=Peter|title=Conspiracy Theories in American History: An Encyclopedia, Volume 2|publisher=ABC-CLIO|page= 245|url= http://books.google.com/books?id=qMIDrggs8TsC}} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Reardon|first=Patrick|last2=Greenbaum|first2=Kurt|title=Larouche element is an extreme case|work=Chicago Tribune|date=March 20, 1986|url= }} | |||
| *{{Citation| title=The right response/LaRouche links Regan to drug money, but has praise for White|work=Houston Chronicle|date=Apr 10, 1986}} | |||
| *{{Citation| page = 4| title = Rightist LaRouche started out as a a Marxist| date=March 20, 1986| work = Chicago Sun - Times}} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Ritchie|first=Murray|title=SNP leadership outsider challenged over 'support' for US extremist|work=The Herald|date=September 6, 2009|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Roderick|first=Kevin|date=1986a|title=Authorities See Pattern of Threats, Plots Dark Side of LaRouche Empire Surfaces|work=Los Angeles Times|date=October 14, 1986|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Roderick|first=Kevin|date=1986b|title=LaRouche Wrote of Using AIDS to Win Presidency|work=Los Angeles Times|date=October 17, 1986|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Rose|first=David|year=2004|title=Defectors tricked us with WMD lies, but we must not be fooled again|work=The Observer|date=January 4, 2009|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Rose|first=Gregory F.|title=The Swarmy Life and Times of the NCLC|work=National Review|date=March 30, 1979|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Rosenfeld|first=Stephen|title=NCLC: A Domestic Political Menace|work=The Washington Post|date=September 24, 1976|url= http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost_historical/access/120029198.html?dids=120029198:120029198&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&date=Sep+24%2C+1976&author=Stephen+S.+Rosenfeld&pub=The+Washington+Post++(1974-Current+file)&edition=&startpage=A15&desc=NCLC%3A+%27A+Domestic+Political+Menace%27 }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Schob|first=David E.|title=The Strange Ascent of Lyndon LaRouche, a native American fascist|work=Houston Chronicle|date=April 30, 1989|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Schultz|first=Erin|title=Obama's plan blasted as Nazi-like: LaRouche demonstrations across the North Fork question health care policy|work=The Suffolk Times|date=July 23, 2009|url= http://www2.timesreview.com/ST/Stories/T071609_Obama_ES }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Seife|first=Charles|year=2008|title=Sun in a bottle|publisher=Penguin Group|isbn= 0670020338|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Shenon|first=Philip|title=LaRouche warns U.S|publisher=to any move to arrest him|work=The New York Times|date=October 8, 1986|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Siano|first=Brian|title=The Skeptical Eye: Big Head's Back|work=The Humanist|date=May 1992|volume=52|issue=3|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Silva|first=Christina|title=Colleges consider stressing danger of pressure groups|work=Boston Globe|date=April 14, 2006|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Sims|first=Patsy|year=1996|title=The Klan|publisher=University Press of Kentucky|isbn= 081310887X|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Tang|first=Yong|title=Global financial crisis is coming; Collapse of the Soviet Union forecasted; American auto industry is going bankruptcy; Wall Street should be put into an insane asylum; If you're a soldier, you don't cry; Walking in a Jungle, You Become Familiar with the Animals; They will create incidents in order to create dictatorship; I'll get to China sometime|work=People's Daily|date=November 22, 2005|url= http://english.people.com.cn/200511/22/eng20051122_223146.html }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Tipton|first=Virgil|title=LaRouchies set sights on Missouri|work=Chicago Tribune|date=March 31, 1986|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|work=The Washington Post|date=May 1, 2007|title=Kenneth L.Kronberg |title=Sterling Businessman|url= http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/04/30/AR2007043001772_pf.html }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Tong|first=Betsy|title=Class acts most likely to ... Notable graduates of Boston area high schools|work=Boston Globe|date=June 12, 1994|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Toner|first=Robin|title=LaRouche Savors Fame That May Ruin Him|work=The New York Times|date=April 4, 1986|url= http://www.nytimes.com/1986/04/04/us/larouche-savors-fame-that-may-ruin-him.html?scp=1&sq=LaRouche%20Savors%20Fame%20That%20May%20Ruin%20Him&st=cse }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Tourish|first=Dennis|last2=Wohlforth|first2=Tim|year=2000|title=On the Edge|publisher=M.E|publisher=Sharpe|isbn= 0765606399|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Wagoner|first=Jane|date=August 25, 2009|title=After suicide, Leesburg widow sues LaRouche|work=Loudoun Times-Mirror|url= http://www.wtopnews.com/?sid=1748160&nid=25 }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Weir|first=David|first2= Noyes|last2=Dan|year=1983|title=Raising Hell: How the Center for Investigative Reporting Gets the Story|work=Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc|isbn= 0201108593|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Witt|date=April|year=2004|title=No Joke|work=The Washington Post|date=October 24, 2004|url= http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A46883-2004Oct20.html }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Van Deerlin|first=Lionel|title=Kooks right out of the Twilight Zone|work=Chicago Tribune|date=March 24, 1986|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Wald|first=Matthew|title=LaRouche Taken In By Aide, Trial Told|work=The New York Times|date=December 10, 1987|url= http://www.nytimes.com/1987/12/10/us/larouche-taken-in-by-aide-trial-told.html }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Wohlforth|first=Tim|title=A '60's Socialist Takes a Hard Right|work=Public Eye|note= undated|accessdate=September 4, 2009|url= http://www.publiceye.org/larouche/Wohlforth.html }} | |||
| ;LaRouche publications | |||
| *{{citation|last=Boynton Robinson|first=Amelia|title=Statement in Honor of Martin Luther King Jr.|work=LaRouche PAC website|date=January 18, 2008|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Clark|first=Ramsey|date=April 26, 1995|title= Open letter to Janet Reno|publisher=Schiller Institute, |accessdate=October 27, 2009|url= http://www.schillerinstitute.org/exon/ramseyclark_ltr_95.html }} | |||
| *{{citation|work=Executive Intelligence Review|date=undated a|title=Have the Mass Media Brainwashed your Neighbor about Lyndon LaRouche?|url= http://www.larouchepub.com/exon/exon_toc.html }} | |||
| *{{citation|work=Executive Intelligence Review|date=undated b|title=Summary of Relevant Evidence on the Record Demonstrating the Innocence of Lyndon LaRouche And Co-Defendents|url= http://www.larouchepub.com/exon/exon2.html }} | |||
| *{{citation|work=Executive Intelligence Review|date=Feb 27, 2004|title=Support LaRouche for President|work=accessed September 6, 2009|url= http://larouchepub.com/other/2004/site_packages/jlp_death/3108jlp_larouche.html }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Freeman|first=Debra Hanania|title=The War Plan for November: LaRouche's Leadership in the Democratic Party|work=Executive Intelligence Review|date=September 24, 2004|url= http://www.larouchepub.com/other/2004/3137war_plan_Novemberhtml }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Gallagher Paul|title=SDI and the Jailing Of Lyndon LaRouche|work=Executive Intelligence Review|date=March 12, 2004|url= http://www.larouchepub.com/other/2004/3110sdi_timeline.html }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Gallagher|first=Paul|date=April 4, 2004|title=Bush's Assault on Social Security|work=LaRouche Political Action Committee|url= http://www.larouchepac.com/pages/writings_files/2004/041228_ss_04.htm }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|title=How The Workers League Decayed|work=NCLC internal document|date=June 27, 1970|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|date=1973a|title=The Case of Ludwig Feuerbach|work=The Campaigner|date=December 1973|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|date=1973b|title=Beyond Psychoanalysis|work=The Campaigner|date=September/October 1973|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|title=The Conceptual History of the Labor Committees|work=The Campaigner|date=October 1974|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|year=1979|title=The Power of Reason: A Kind of Autobiography|publisher=New Benjamin Franklin House|isbn= 9780933488014|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|title=The End of the Age of Aquarius?|work=Executive Intelligence Review|date=January 10, 1986|page= 40|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|year=1987|title=The Power of Reason: An Autobiography|publisher=Executive Intelligence Review|isbn= 9780943235004|url= }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|title=The Tale of the Hippopotamus|work=Executive Intelligence Review|date=February 9, 1998|url= http://www.larouchepub.com/lar/1998/lhl_hippo_tale.html }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|title=A Scientifically Illiterate Hoax|work=Executive Intelligence Review|date=June 4, 1999|url= http://www.larouchepub.com/lar/1999/lar_cox_report_2623.html }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=LaRouche, Lyndon|title='He's a Bad Guy, But We Can't Say Why'|work=Executive Intelligience Review|date=March 10, 2000, accessed August 25, 2009|url= http://www.larouchepub.com/lar/2000/lar_bad_guy_2710.html }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|year=2002|title=The Middle East As A Strategic Crossroad|first=Schiller Institute website|date=June 2, 2002|url= http://www.schillerinstitute.org/lar_related/2002/lar_abu-dhabi.html }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|title=What caused the collapse of the Soviet Union?, Answers From LaRouche, National Cadre School|date=February 1, 2003|url= http://web.archive.org/web/20031011204719/larouchein2004.net/pages/questions/youth/030201penn004.htm }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|title=Cheney Behind Press Campaign, Duggan Hoax Rewarmed Again|publisher=LaRouche political action committee|date=November 8, 2006|url=http://www.larouchepac.com/pages/press_releases_files/2006/1109_duggan.html|accessdate=November 17, 2009}} | |||
| *{{citation|last=LaRouche Political Action Committee|date=Aug 26, 2004|title=Interview with Bob Dobbs of Pacifica-KPFK|url= http://publisher.larouchepac.com/pages/interviews_files/2004/040826_lhl_bobdobbs.htm }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=LaRouche Political Action Committee|date=April 25, 2007|title=Bering Strait Conference in Moscow Hears From LaRouche and Gov|publisher=Hickel On War Avoidance Through Economic Development|url= http://www.larouchepac.com/pages/breaking_news/2007/04/24/conference_moscow.shtml }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=LaRouche Political Action Committee|date=May 5, 2007|title=Russian Academy of Sciences Celebrates 80th Birthday of Prof|publisher=Stanislav Menshikov; LaRouche Is Featured Guest|url= http://www.larouchepac.com/pages/breaking_news/2007/05/17/menshikov_birthday.shtml }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=LaRouche Political Action Committee|year=1988|title=The Woman on Mars|url= http://larouchepac.com/node/7 }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=LaRouche Political Action Committee|date=July 22, 2009|title=LaRouche: "With This Statement From Him, The President Now Deserves Impeachment|url= http://www.larouchepac.com/node/11111 }} | |||
| *{{citation|date=April 16, 1973|title=Operation Mop-Up: The Class Struggle Is for Keeps|work=New Solidarity}} | |||
| *{{citation|date=April 9, 1973|title=Death of the CPUSA|work=New Solidarity}} | |||
| *{{citation| title = III. Political Prisoners in Virginia: It's Time for Truth-In-Justice in Virginia| work = Executive Intelligence Review| accessdate = 2009-11-18| url = http://web.archive.org/web/20071114022738/http://www.larouchepub.com/exon/exon_add4_virginia.html}} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Scherer|first=Paul Albert, General, (ret.)|title=Press conference, National Press Club, Washington, D.C.|date=May 6, 1992|url= http://www.larouchepub.com/tv/tlc_programs_1991-1995.html|publisher=LaRouche Political Action Committee}} | |||
| *{{citation|publisher=Schiller Institute|date=undated|title=Campaigns for Public Office|url= http://www.schillerinstitute.org/biographys/meet_larouche.html#campaigns }} | |||
| *{{citation|last=Steinberg|first=Jeffrey and Steinberg|first=Michelle|year=2004|title=LaRouche Will Lead Democrats to November Landslide Win|work=Executive Intelligence Review|date=August 13, 2004|url= http://www.larouchepub.com/other/2004/3132lar_victory_plan.html }} | |||
| {{refend}} | |||
| ==Further reading== | |||
| <!--========================({{No More Links}})============================ | |||
| | PLEASE BE CAUTIOUS IN ADDING MORE LINKS TO THIS ARTICLE. WIKIPEDIA | | |||
| | IS NOT A COLLECTION OF LINKS NOR SHOULD IT BE USED FOR ADVERTISING. | | |||
| | | | |||
| | Excessive or inappropriate links WILL BE DELETED. | | |||
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| | | | |||
| | If there are already plentiful links, please propose additions or | | |||
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| | to the relevant category at the Open Directory Project (dmoz.org) | | |||
| | and link back to that category using the {{dmoz}} template. | | |||
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| {{refbegin|2}} | |||
| * | |||
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| * | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| * by Nizkor Project | |||
| * {{PDFlink||576 KB}} | |||
| *Beyes-Corleis, Aglaja (1994). ''Verirrt: Mein Leben in einer radikalen Politorganisation''. Herder/Spektrum. ISBN 3-451-04278-9 | |||
| *Bellant, Russ; Berlet, Chip; and King, Dennis (1981). , ''Public Eye'', December 16, 1981. | |||
| *Berlet, Chip (2004). , ''New Internationalist'', October 2004. | |||
| *Berlet, Chip and Lyons, Matthew (2000). ''Right-wing populism in America: too close for comfort'', The Guilford Press. | |||
| *King, Dennis and Radosh, Ronald (1984). "The LaRouche Connection," ''The New Republic'', November 19, 1984, p. 15. | |||
| *King, Dennis (1982). "LaRouche: A Dictatorial Mind at Work", ''New America'', April-May 1982. | |||
| *Kirby, Terry. , ''The Independent'', July 21, 2004. | |||
| *LaRouche, Lyndon. , 1976–2008, ''YouTube'', accessed September 7, 2009. | |||
| * Mintz, John. includes a 1995 series on LaRouche by Mintz and links to other ''Washington Post'' articles on LaRouche. | |||
| *Political Research Associates. , accessed September 6, 2009. | |||
| *Robins, Robert S. and Post, Jerrold M. (1997). ''Political Paranoia: The Psychopolitics of Hatred''. Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-07027-6 | |||
| *Schiller Institute. . | |||
| {{refend}} | |||
| {{LaRouche movement|state=uncollapsed}} | |||
| <!-- Metadata: see ] --> | |||
| {{Persondata | |||
| |NAME=LaRouche, Lyndon Hermyle, Jr. | |||
| |ALTERNATIVE NAMES= | |||
| |SHORT DESCRIPTION=American political activist | |||
| |DATE OF BIRTH=September 8, 1922 | |||
| |PLACE OF BIRTH=] | |||
| |DATE OF DEATH= | |||
| |PLACE OF DEATH= | |||
| }} | |||
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Larouche, Lyndon}} | |||
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Revision as of 20:01, 1 June 2010
This man is a fraud.