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Revision as of 07:28, 16 August 2010
Fédération Anarchiste (Anarchist Federation) is an anarchist federation in France and Belgium. It is a member of the International of Anarchist Federations since its establishment in 1968.
History
The Fédération anarchiste (FA) was founded in Paris on December 2, 1945, and elected George Fontenis as its first secretary the next year. It was composed of a majority of activists from the former FA (which supported Voline's Synthesis) and some members of the former Union anarchiste, which supported the CNT-FAI support to the Republican government during the Spanish Civil War, as well as some young Resistants. A youth organization of the FA (the Jeunesses libertaires) was also created.
The FA participated to the International Anarchist Congress of Puteaux in 1949, which gathered structured organizations as well as autonomous groups and individuals (from Germany, USA, Bolivia, Cuba, Argentina, Peru and elsewhere). The June 1952 Bordeaux Congress of the FA clearly adopted a communist libertarian orientation, leading to a first split in October. The latter regrouped in l'Entente anarchiste, bulletin de relation, d'information, de coordination, et d'étude organisationnelle du mouvement anarchiste, which first issue is dated October 30, 1952.
The FA transformed itself into the Fédération communiste libertaire (FCL) after the 1953 Congress in Paris, while an article in Le Libertaire indicated the end of the cooperation with the surrealists. The FCL regrouped between 130 to 160 activists. The Entente anarchiste dissolved itself and joined the new FCL, forcing Maurice Joyeux to compromise with the individual anarchists of the Entente. The new decision making process was founded on unanimity: each person has a right of veto on the orientations of the federation. The FCL published the same year the Manifeste du communisme libertaire. The FCL published its 'workers’ program' in 1954, which was heavily inspired by the CGT's revendications. The Internationale comuniste libertaire (ICL), which groups the Italian GAAP, the Spanish Ruta and the Mouvement libertaire nord-africain (MLNA, North African Libertarian Movement), was founded to replace the Anarchist International, deemed too reformist. The ICL, however, had only a short life period. The same year, the FCL criticized the "bolchevik" orientation of the federation infiltrated by the secret OPB. The first issue of the monthly Monde libertaire, the news organ of the FA which would be published until 1977, came out in October 1954.
The FCL supported the Algerian people's struggle, making it a target of state repression. Several groups quit the FCL in December 1955, disagreeing with the decision to present "revolutionary candidates" to the legislative elections. The first issue of the monthly Monde libertaire, the news organ of the FA which would be published until 1977, came out in October 1954. On August 15–20, 1954, the Ve intercontinental plenum of the CNT took place. A group of militants who didn´t agree with the FA turning into FCL reorganized a new FA. Several groups quit the FCL in December 1955, disagreeing with the decision to present "revolutionary candidates" to the legislative elections. This scission gave rise to the creation of the GAAR (Groupes anarchistes d'action révolutionnaire) who published until 1970 the Noir et Rouge newspaper. The GAAR in 1961 join the new FA. Famous members of the FA around this time include André Bretón, Albert Camus and later for a brief time Daniel Cohn-Bendit.
In the seventies the FA will evolve into a joining of the principles of both synthesis anarchism and platformism. Today the FA is constituted of about 60 groups. It publishes the weekly Le Monde Libertaire and runs a radio station called Radio libertaire.
See also
References
Enlaces externos
- Fédération anarchiste official webpage
- Radio Libertaire on the internet
- Ici et maintenant, video of the FA