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2010 Commonwealth Games
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The 2010 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the XIX Commonwealth Games, were held in Delhi, India, from 3 to 14 October 2010. A total of 6,081 athletes from 71 Commonwealth nations and dependencies competed in 21 sports and 272 events. It was the largest international multi-sport event to be staged in Delhi and India, eclipsing the Asian Games in 1951 and 1982.

The opening and closing ceremonies were held at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, the main stadium of the event. It was the first time that the Commonwealth Games were held in India and the second time it was held in Asia after Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in 1998. The official mascot of the Games was Shera and the official song of the Games, Jiyo Utho Bado Jeeto, was composed by celebrated Indian musician A.R. Rahman.

Initially, several concerns and controversies surfaced before the start of the Games. Despite these concerns, all members of the Commonwealth of Nations participated in the event. A widely-praised opening ceremony helped improve the image of the Games. The dire predictions raised during the buildup to the Games proved largely unfounded as most events progressed smoothly. The final medal tally was led by Australia. The host nation India gave its strongest performance yet to emerge second, while England placed third. The games closed on 14th October in an appreciated closing ceremony, where the Commonwealth Games flag was handed over to representatives of Glasgow, Scotland, which will host the XX Commonwealth Games in 2014. At the closing ceremony, the president of the Commonwealth Games Federation declared that Delhi had hosted a "truly exceptional Games".

Bidding

The two principal bids for the 2010 Commonwealth Games were from Delhi, India and Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. A ballot of members was held in November 2003 at the Commonwealth Games Federation General Assembly in Montego Bay, Jamaica. Delhi bid won by a margin of 46 votes to 22, confirming India's first successful bid for the Games. The bid was Canada's attempt to hold the games for the fifth time. India's bid motto was New Frontiers and Friendships.

India shifted the balance in its favour in the second round of voting with a promise that it would provide US$100,000 to each participating country, along with air tickets, boarding, lodging and transport. The successful 2003 Afro-Asian Games held in Hyderabad was also seen as having showed India has the resources, infrastructure and technical know-how to stage a big sporting event. India also thanked Latif Butt, former vice president of the Olympic Council of Asia, for his support in the winning bid, by saying, "You played a vital role in the Commonwealth Games 2010 being allotted to India. Such actions are worthy of emulation by all concerned in Pakistan and India. I have no doubt that if both sides continue to live by such ideals, one day, sooner than later our generations to come will reap the benefits of and be grateful to those making such contributions. You would certainly be such person." The Indian government stated that it would underwrite the total cost of the Games.

Organisation

This article needs to be updated. Please help update this section to reflect recent events or newly available information. (October 2010)

Organising committee

The organisation was beset by delays: in January 2010, the Indian Olympic Association vice-chairman Raja Randhir Singh expressed concern that Delhi was not up to speed in forming and organising its games committee and, following a 2009 Indian Government report showing two thirds of venues were behind schedule, Commonwealth Games Federation president Mike Fennell stated that the slow progress of preparations represented a serious risk to the event. Singh called for a revamp of the games' organising committees: Jarnail Singh, a former Secretary of the Government of India, was appointed as the Chief Executive Officer and Indian Olympic Association president Suresh Kalmadi was appointed as head of the committee. In spite of delays and the corruption cases levied on the organisors, commentators stated that they were confident that India will successfully host the games and do so on time.

At the launch of the Queen’s Baton Relay in October 2009, the Business Club of India (BCI) was formed through the partnership of the organising committee, the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) and the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI). The BCI was formed to both market the Games and promote Indian business interests internationally.

Costs

The initial total budget estimated by Indian Olympic Association in 2003 for hosting the Games was ₹ 16.2 billion (US$364.5 million) but escalated official total budget estimation in 2010 became ₹ 115 bn ($2.6 B), which excludes non-sports-related infrastructure development in the city such as airports, city beautification and roads. Business Today magazine estimated that the Games cost ₹ 300 bn ($6.8 bn). The 2010 Commonwealth Games are the most expensive Commonwealth Games ever.

Transport

Delhi proposed a four-lane, 2.2 km underground stretch from Lodhi Road to trans-Yamuna, linking the Games Village to the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium and reducing travelling time between the village and the Stadium to six minutes.

In response to concerns over the large number of trains that pass by the Delhi metropolitan region daily, construction of road under-bridges and over-bridges along railway lines has been started. To expand road infrastructure, flyovers, cloverleaf flyovers, and bridges have been planned to improve links for the Games and city in general. Road-widening projects have begun with an emphasis being placed on expanding national highways. To improve traffic flow on existing roads, plans are underway to make both the inner and outer Ring roads signal free.

To support its commitment to mass transport, nine corridors have been identified and are being constructed as High Capacity Bus Systems (for example, one from Ambedkar Nagar to Red Fort). Six of these corridors are expected to be operational in 2010. Additionally, The Delhi Metro will be expanded to accommodate more people and boost the use of public transport during the 2010 games. The metro will extend to Gurgaon and the Noida area. For this large increase in the size of the network, Delhi Metro will deploy 14 tunnel boring machines.

Indira Gandhi International Airport is being modernised, expanded, and upgraded. Costing nearly $1.95 billion, Terminal 3 has improved airport passenger capacity to more than 37 million passengers a year by 2010. A new runway has been constructed, allowing for more than 75 flights an hour. At more than 4400 metres long, it will be one of Asia's longest.

The airport will be connected to the city via a six-lane expressway (Delhi–Gurgaon Expressway) and the $580 million Delhi Airport Metro Express line.

Green Games

The organisers signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the United Nations Environment Programme to show the intention to host a "sustainable games" and to take the environment into consideration when constructing and renovating venues. Thyagaraj Stadium is intended to be a key example of environmentally considered construction.

In opposition to this intention, a number of environmental controversies arose and the adverse ecological impact of various aspects of the games have been protested by city residents. City residents filed a public interest petition to the Supreme Court of India against the felling of 'heritage' trees in the Siri Fort area to make way for Games facilities. The court appointed architect Charles Correa to assess the impact and he severely criticised the designs on ecological grounds. In spite of this, in April 2009 the Supreme Court allowed the construction on the grounds that "much time had been lost" and "the damage already caused to the environment could not be undone".

The Commonwealth Games village, located on the flood plains of the Yamuna, has also been the subject of controversies about the flouting of ecological norms. After a prolonged legal battle between city residents and the state, construction was permitted to continue on the basis of an order of the Supreme Court of India in July 2009, which held that the government had satisfied the requirements of "due process of the law" by issuing public notice of its intention to begin construction work in September 1999 (a date four years prior to the acceptance of Delhi's bid for the games).

Other preparation

In preparation for an influx of English-speaking tourists for the Games, the Delhi government is implementing a program to teach English, and the necessary skills for serving tourists, to key workers—such as cab drivers, security workers, waiters, porters, and service staff. In the two years prior to the Games 2,000 drivers were taught English. The program aims to teach 1,000 people English per month in the hope of reaching all key workers by March 2010. In addition to Delhi, the Indian Government plans to expand the program to teach people in local tourist destinations in other parts of India.

To prepare for the energy-usage spike during the Games and to end chronic power cuts in Delhi, the government is undertaking a large power-production initiative to increase power production to 7,000 MW (from the current 4,500 MW). To achieve this goal, the government plans to streamline the power distribution process, direct additional energy to Delhi, and construct new power plants. In fact, the government has promised that by the end of 2010, Delhi will have a surplus of power.

In addition to physical preparation, India will offer free accommodation for all athletes at the Games Village, as well as free transport and other benefits, such as a free trip to the famed Taj Mahal and a reserved lane for participants on selected highways. The Games Village will house over 8,000 athletes and officials for the Games. Indian states will train state police forces to handle tourist-related issues and deploy them prior to the Games. A large-scale construction and "beautification" project has resulted in the demolition of hundreds of homes and the displacement of city dwellers—at least 100,000 of New Delhi’s 160,000 homeless people have removed from shelters, some of which have been demolished. Bamboo screens have been erected around city slums to separate visitors from the sights of the slums, a practice which human rights campaigners have deemed dishonest and immoral.

The Delhi High Court is set to implement a series of "mobile courts" to be dispatched throughout Delhi to relocate migrant beggars from Delhi streets. The mobile courts would consider each beggar on a case-by-case basis to determine whether the beggar should be sent back to his/her state of residence, or be permitted to remain in government-shelters.

Symbols

Mascot

It has been suggested that Shera (mascot) be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since September 2010.

The official mascot for the 2010 Commonwealth Games is Shera, an anthropomorphised tiger. His name comes from "Sher", a hindi word meaning tiger (Hindi "Bagh" means tiger. However, Sher is colloquially used for both lion and tiger). The logo and the look for the games were designed by Idiom Design and Consulting.There is one song for Shera also composed by the popular composer of INDIA the song contains initiative "Shera Shera"

The mascot Shera is visiting many schools across Delhi to create enthusiasm and interest for the Commonwealth Games being held .

Official song

The official song of the 2010 Commonwealth Games Jiyo Utho Bado Jeeto was composed and performed by the Indian musician A. R. Rahman. The song's title is based on the slogan of the games, "Come out and play". The song is penned by Mehboob in Hindi with a sprinkling of English words. It was released on 28 August 2010. The music video, directed by Bharath Bala was released on 23 September and featured a shorter version of the song. A. R. Rahman also gave a live concert for the theme song in Gurgaon , Haryana which was previewed on various news channels . The official video of the song has been released on youtube .

Queen's Baton relay

The Queen's Baton Relay began when the baton, which contains Queen Elizabeth II's message to the athletes, left Buckingham Palace on 29 October 2009. The baton arrived at the 2010 Games opening ceremony on 3 October 2010, after visiting the other 54 nations of the Commonwealth and travelling throughout India, reaching millions of people to join in the celebrations for the Games.The baton arrived in India on 25 June 2010 through the Wagah Border crossing from Pakistan.

The baton was designed by Michael Foley, a graduate of the National Institute of Design. It is a triangular section of aluminium twisted into a helix shape and then coated with coloured soils collected from all the regions of India. The coloured soils are a first for the styling of a Queen's Baton. A jewel-encrusted box was used to house the Queen's message, which was laser-engraved onto a miniature 18 carat gold leaf—representative of the ancient Indian 'patras. The Queen's baton is ergonomically contoured for ease of use. It is 664 millimetres (26.1 in) high, 34 millimetres (1.3 in) wide at the base, and 86 millimetres (3.4 in) wide at the top and weighs 1,900 grams (67 oz).

The Queen's baton has a number of technological features including:

• The ability to capture images and sound
• Global positioning system (GPS) technology so the baton's location can be tracked
• Embedded light emitting diodes (LEDs) which will change into the colours of a country’s flag whilst in that country
• A text messaging capability so that people can send messages of congratulations and encouragement to the baton bearers throughout the relay

Calendar

Template:2010 Commonwealth Games calendar

Opening ceremony

The opening ceremony of the 2010 Commonwealth Games was held at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, the main stadium of the event, in New Delhi, India. It began at 7:00 PM (IST) on 3 October 2010 ending at 11:00 PM (IST) displaying India's varied culture in a plethora of cultural showcases. It was watched live by a global audience of around three billion.

Prince Charles, Prince of Wales (representing Queen Elizabeth II as Head of the Commonwealth) and President of India Pratibha Patil officially declared the Games open. Prime Minister Manmohan Singh of the host nation, India, attended the opening ceremony as well.

A total of three heads of state from outside India attended the opening ceremony; two from Commonwealth nations and one from a non-Commonwealth nation. The three head of states are Mohamed Nasheed, President of the Maldives, Marcus Stephen, President of Nauru and a multiple Commonwealth gold medallist, and Prince Albert II of Monaco, whose country Monaco is not a member of the Commonwealth. As well, Sir Anand Satyanand, the Governor General of New Zealand (the first of Indian descent), attended the ceremony.

Sports

There are 17 sports planned for the 2010 Commonwealth Games.

Kabaddi is a demonstration sport at the Games.

Triathlon was excluded from the games as there was no suitable location for the swimming stage. The organisers have also removed basketball, but included archery, tennis and wrestling. Cricket, although in strong demand, did not make a come-back as the Board of Control for Cricket in India were not keen on a Twenty20 tournament, and the organisers did not want a one day tournament.

Medal table

Only the top ten nations by medal rank are shown in this medal table. Nations are ranked first by count of gold medals, then silver medals, then bronze medals. For the full medal table, see the main article.

The ranking in this table is consistent with International Olympic Committee convention in its published medal tables. By default, the table is ordered by the number of gold medals the athletes from a nation have won (in this context, a "nation" is an entity represented by an NOC). The number of silver medals is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze medals. If nations are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically by IOC country code.

In Boxing two bronze medals were awarded in each weight class. Additionally there was a tie of three athletes for the third place in the women's pole vault in athletics meant that three bronze medals were awarded. Therefore, the total number of bronze medals is greater than the total number of gold or silver medals.

  *   Host nation (India)

Rank	CGA	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Australia	74	55	48	177
2	India*	38	27	36	101
3	England	37	60	45	142
4	Canada	26	17	32	75
5	Kenya	12	11	10	33
	South Africa	12	11	10	33
7	Malaysia	12	10	13	35
8	Singapore	11	11	9	31
9	Nigeria	11	10	14	35
10	Scotland	9	10	7	26
11–36	Remaining	30	53	57	140
Totals (36 entries)		272	275	281	828

Closing ceremony

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (October 2010)

Participating nations

There are 71 nations participating at the 2010 Commonwealth Games. As Fiji is suspended from the Commonwealth, it has been banned from participating in the Games. Rwanda is fielding a team for the games for the first time after becoming a Commonwealth member in 2009. Numbers of athletes are shown in brackets. Tokelau was initially expected to compete, but did not do so.

Template:Multicol

•  Anguilla (12)
•  Antigua and Barbuda (17)
•  Australia (377)
•  Bahamas (25)
•  Bangladesh (70)
•  Barbados (39)
•  Belize (9)
•  Bermuda (14)
•  Botswana (49)
•  British Virgin Islands (2)
•  Brunei (12)
•  Cameroon (20)
•  Canada (251)
•  Cayman Islands (17)
•  Cook Islands (31)
•  Cyprus (56)
•  Dominica (15)
•  England (365)

Template:Multicol-break

•  Falkland Islands (15)
•  Gambia (17)
•  Ghana (64)
•  Gibraltar (15)
•  Grenada (10)
•  Guernsey (43)
•  Guyana (34)
•  India (495)
•  Isle of Man (33)
•  Jamaica (48)
•  Jersey (33)
•  Kenya (136)
•  Kiribati(17)
•  Lesotho (10)
•  Malawi (43)
•  Malaysia (203)
•  Maldives (28)
•  Malta (22)

Template:Multicol-break

•  Mauritius (60)
•  Montserrat (5)
•  Mozambique (10)
•  Namibia (30)
•  Nauru (6)
•  New Zealand (192)
•  Nigeria (101)
•  Niue (24)
•  Norfolk Island (22)
•  Northern Ireland (80)
•  Pakistan (54)
•  Papua New Guinea (79)
•  Rwanda (22)
•  Saint Helena (4)
•  Saint Kitts and Nevis (7)
•  Saint Lucia (13)
•  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines(14)
•  Samoa (53)

Template:Multicol-break

•  Scotland (191)
•  Seychelles (26)
•  Sierra Leone (31)
•  Singapore (68)
•  Solomon Islands (12)
•  South Africa (113)
•  Sri Lanka (93)
•  Swaziland (11)
•  Tanzania (40)
•  Tonga (22)
•  Trinidad and Tobago (82)
•  Turks and Caicos Islands (8)
•  Tuvalu (3)
•  Uganda (65)
•  Vanuatu (14)
•  Wales (175)
•  Zambia (22)

Template:Multicol-end

Venues

Events are taking place at twelve competition venues (see main article). A total of 20 training venues are being used in the Games. Of these 20, one is used for archery; three for aquatics; two for lawn bowls; two for netball; eight for rugby sevens, including seven venues within Delhi University; two for shooting; one for squash; two for table tennis; one for weightlifting, three for wrestling and two for tennis.

The Commonwealth Games Village will provide accommodation and training for athletes of the Games, and will be open from 23 September to 18 October 2010. It is located along the east bank of the River Yamuna, in proximity to competition and training venues as well as city landmarks, and is spread over an area of 63.5 hectares (157 acres). Comprising five main zones—the Residential Zone, the International Zone, the Training Area, the Main Dining and the Operational Zone—the Games Village, which is a non-smoking zone, is universally accessible particularly to accommodate para-sport athletes.

There are three main non-competition venues in the Games, besides the Commonwealth Games Village (see above); namely the Delhi 2010 Commonwealth Games Organising Committee Headquarters (OC CWG Delhi 2010), the Main Media Centre, and the Games Family Hotel, Hotel Ashok.

Concerns and controversies

Several concerns were raised over the preparations of the Games and these included excessive budget overruns, likelihood of floods in Delhi due to heavy monsoon rains, infrastructural compromise, poor living conditions at the Commonwealth Games Village, delays in construction of the main Games' venues, the withdrawal of prominent athletes, widespread corruption by officials of the Games' Organising Committee and possibility of a terrorist attack by militants..

The 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi was criticized by several prominent Indian politicians and social activists. One of the outspoken critics of the Games is Mani Shankar Aiyar, former Indian Minister for Youth Affairs and Sports. In April 2007, Aiyar commented that the Games are "irrelevant to the common man" and criticized the Indian government for sanctioning billions of dollars for the Games even though India requires massive investment in social development programs. In July 2010, he remarked that he would be "unhappy if the Commonwealth Games are successful". Miloon Kothari, leading Indian expert on socio-economic development, questioned the justification of spending billions of dollars on a 12-day sports event "when 46% of India's children and 55% of women are malnourished" .

Concerns raised by Aiyar were echoed by several others in India. Initial concerns about the 2010 Commonwealth Games included delays in completion of projects, poor construction standards, corruption by Games' Organising Committee officials and possibility of a terrorist attack. The Indian media also alleged that Games' Organising Committee officials were involved in serious corruption and these allegations included acceptance of bribe during the process of awarding construction contracts for the Games' venues. The Commonwealth Games Organising Committee on 5 August 2010 suspended T S Darbari (joint director in the organising committee) and Sanjay Mahendroo (deputy director general in the organising committee) following the report of the three-member panel which was probing the financial irregularities related to the Queen's Baton Relay. Organising Committee treasurer Anil Khanna resigned from the post in the wake of allegations that his son's firm had secured a contract for laying synthetic courts at a tennis stadium. On September 23, The Daily Telegraph UK showed photographs taken of child labour working on the Games sites. There was also multiple cases of items being rented for the 45 days for more money than it would cost to actually buy the item. e.g., 72 golf carts were hired for ₹4.23 lakh (US$4,950.40) each, when they could have been purchased for ₹1.84 lakh (US$2,153.40) each.

Central Vigilance Commission (CVC), an apex Government of India investigative agency, released a report highlighting financial irregularities in up to fourteen Games projects. As per CVC report, in total 129 works in 71 organisations have been inspected. The preliminary findings include — complete lack of involvement of the city and the community at large, award of work contracts at higher prices, poor quality assurance and management, and award of work contracts to ineligible agencies.

Weeks before the start of the Games, Indian media outlets highlighted the poor construction standards at several of the main Games venues. In late September 2010, the president of the Commonwealth Games Federation remarked that the Games Village were far from completion and needed a "deep clean" and New Zealand's chef de mission even claimed that the Games might not take place given the amount of work to be done. The concerns came to media attention in late September 2010 after media outlets began reporting on "filthy and unlivable conditions" and taking photos of paan stains and excrement in living quarters at the games village. Just a day after these remarks, a footbridge under construction near the Nehru Stadium collapsed, injuring 27 and seriously injuring five. On 22 September 2010, some tiles at the wrestling stadium's false ceiling caved in; however, there were no reported injuries. After the start of the games, a large scoreboard at the rugby stadium toppled over. Security concerns were highlighted by an Australian TV crew from the Seven Network who claimed to have walked past security with a suitcase containing a dummy bomb and its detonator on 15 September, although the veracity of the claim has since been challenged. Concerns of a terrorist attack were also raised following a gun attack that took place outside the Jama Masjid on 19th September 2010. However, the Indian authorities stated that the shooting was a "one-off incident".

In the opening ceremony, the chairman of Organising Committee, Suresh Kalmadi, faced further embarrassment when he was booed by the Indian spectators at the start of his welcome speech. The crowd atmosphere otherwise was fine, especially when they offered a warm applause to the neighboring Pakistan squad despite the tense relations between India and Pakistan.

More than dozens of athletes from Australia and England, mainly swimmers, have reportedly fallen ill. Initially, concerns were raised over the quality of water in the swimming pools of the SPM Complex, but other competing teams, including South Africa, reported no such illness. Additionally, the Australian team's chief doctor, Peter Harcourt, ruled that the "chances of the pool being the cause of the problem is very remote" and praised the hygiene and food quality in the Delhi Games Village. He suggested that the Australians swimmers could have contracted the stomach virus during their training camp in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.. It was also speculated that it could be a case of Traveler's diarrhea, which is often called Delhi belly by foreign tourists to India.

In another incident, three Ugandan officials were injured when the car they were travelling in hit a security wheel stopper at the Games village. The chairman of the Games' Organising Committee, Suresh Kalmadi, apologized to the Ugandan High Commissioner to India for the freak car accident.

The negative pre-event publicity and heavy security presence played in part in low spectator attendance during the initial events. However the numbers picked up as the Games progressed. Most events featuring Indian players saw full houses by the end of the Games.

See also

• List of 2010 Commonwealth Games broadcasters

References

This article has an unclear citation style. The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of citation and footnoting. (September 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

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• Commonwealth Games 2010 Delhi – official site
• 2010 Commonwealth Games – Commonwealth Games Federation official site

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