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| {{genrebox|name=Jungle | |||
| |color=silver | |||
| |bgcolor=black | |||
| |stylistic_origins=], ], ], ], ] | |||
| |cultural_origins=Early ], ] | |||
| |instruments=] - ] - ] - ]) | |||
| |popularity=Low | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| |subgenrelist=List of electronic music genres | |||
| |subgenres=], ], ] | |||
| |fusiongenres= | |||
| |regional_scenes= | |||
| |other_topics=}} | |||
| '''Jungle''' is the name given to an ] style that incorporates influences from genres including; ], ], ] and ]/]/]. | |||
| :Subgenres of jungle include; | |||
| : ], more Jamaican-Ragga influenced styles and lyrics (circa 1992-6), | |||
| :]; instrumental jungle with a more minimal focus (1994-today), | |||
| :]; a more ] sound, focusing on mood, synthesis and production methods (1996-today). | |||
| In the UK, Jungle was also the genre that ] and it's various styles evolved from, although this point is contended by drum&bass fans from the USA. | |||
| The fast tempos (150 to 170 bpm), ]s, other heavily syncopated percussive loops, ] and simple synthesized effects makes up the easily recognisable form of Jungle. Producers create the tell-tale drum patterns, sometimes completely off-beat, by cutting apart ] such as the ]. | |||
| Jungle producers incorporated classic Jamaican/Caribbean ] production-methods. The slower, deep basslines and simple melodies (which are directly descended from dub, reggae and dancehall) accentuated the overall production and hence, gave Jungle it's 'rolling' quality. | |||
| ==History== | |||
| ===The term ''jungle''=== | |||
| Whilst the use of the word to describe what is now known as 'Jungle' (music) is debatable the emergence of the term in musical circles can be roughly traced to Jamaican/Caribbean ], (a pre-cursor to modern ]), circa 1970. References to 'jungle', 'junglists' and 'jungle music' can be found throughout dub, reggae and dancehall genres from that era up until today. | |||
| It has been suggested that the term 'Junglist' was a reference to a person either from a section of ] known as 'The Concrete Jungle' or from a different area, 'The Gardens', which was a leafy area colloquially referred to as 'The Jungle'. | |||
| The first documented, modern use of the term is within a song featuring Jungle producer and lyricist ]. In which a sample was taken from a much older ] tune containing the lyrics "big up all of the Junglists!" | |||
| At one time there was even some confusion and debate as to whether the use of the word "jungle" was a racist referral to its blacker, reggae influenced sound and fans. This seems unlikely as whilst it has been suggested that it was the black youth of Britain who fueled the early jungle and drum&bass scenes, the reality is that it was a racially diverse mix of fans and producers alike. | |||
| Some early proponents preferred to define the "jungle" element as representing the deeper and darker sound of the heavy beats and bass lines whilst others saw a connection with tribal drumming, percussion and simplicity. | |||
| Producers and DJ's of the early 90's, ], ] and ], place the origin of the word in the scene with pioneers like ] and Danny Jungle. | |||
| :"a guy called Danny Jungle - he is the first person I always quote. ... As soon as the breakbeat started he was calling it that." {{ref|BrianBelle-Fortune}} | |||
| ===The emergence of the Jungle sound=== | |||
| In the summer of 1992, a Thursday ] in London called "Rage" was changing in response to the commercialisation of the ] scene (see ]). Resident DJs ] and ], amongst others, began to take the ] sound of to a new level, the speed of the music increased, from 120bpm to 145bpm, whilst more ragga and dancehall elements were brought in and Techno, Disco and House influences removed. | |||
| Eventually the music became too fast and different to be mixed with with more traditional ], creating a division with the other popular electronic genres. When it lost the ] beat, and created percussive elements solely from raw, 'chopped up' breakbeats, the old-school ravers would complain that it had "gone all jungle-techno". | |||
| The club, 'Rage', finally shut its doors in 1993, but the new legion of "]s" had evolved, changing dancing styles for the faster music, enjoying the off-beat rhythms and with less reliance on the chemical stimulation of the rave era. | |||
| ===Jungle's decline=== | |||
| Jungle reached the peak of its popularity between 1994 and 1995. It was toward the end of this period that the genre diversified into ] as most producers started to incorporate new sounds and rhythms into their music. The co-produced "Timeless" by Goldie and Rob Playford (released on Playford's ] record label) is the clearest example of the split between Jungle and drum&bass. Showcasing the new wave of high-tech music production tools being created and computer and audio-software possiblities, 1995 ushered in many of the biggest names in drum&bass today. | |||
| ==Reference tracks== | |||
| * A-Zone - Calling The People (Jungle) | |||
| * Conquering Lion - Code Red (Ragga-Jungle) | |||
| ==Notable artists== | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] (aka Pascal) | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| ==References== | |||
| #{{note|BrianBelle-Fortune}} See ''All Crews: Journeys Through Jungle / Drum and Bass Culture'' by ] (ISBN 0954889703) | |||
Revision as of 20:02, 12 February 2006
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