Misplaced Pages

Fragaria chiloensis: Difference between revisions

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Browse history interactively← Previous editNext edit →Content deleted Content addedVisualWikitext
Revision as of 22:06, 31 January 2011 editCydebot (talk | contribs)6,812,251 editsm Robot - Moving category Flora of the West Coast (U.S.) to Flora of the West Coast of the United States per CFD at Misplaced Pages:Categories for discussion/Log/2011 January 21.← Previous edit Revision as of 08:37, 13 February 2011 edit undoCydebot (talk | contribs)6,812,251 editsm Robot - Speedily moving category Flora of Washington (U.S. state) to Flora of Washington (state) per CFDS.Next edit →
Line 64: Line 64:
] ]
] ]
] ]
] ]
] ]

Revision as of 08:37, 13 February 2011

Fragaria chiloensis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Rosales
Family: Rosaceae
Genus: Fragaria
Species: F. chiloensis
Binomial name
Fragaria chiloensis
(L.) Mill.

The beach strawberry, Chilean strawberry, or coastal strawberry (Fragaria chiloensis) is one of two species of strawberry that were hybridized to create the modern garden strawberry (F. × ananassa). It is noted for its large berries. Its natural range is the Pacific Ocean coasts of North and South America, and also Hawaiʻi. Migratory birds are thought to have dispersed F. chiloensis from the Pacific coast of North America to the mountains of Hawaiʻi, Chile, and Argentina.

Fragaria chiliensis fructu maximo (F. chiloensis), illustrated in A-F Frézier's account of his voyage to South America (1716)

It is an evergreen plant growing to 15–30 centimetres (5.9–11.8 in) tall, with glossy green trifoliate leaves, each leaflet around 5 centimetres (2.0 in) long. The flowers are white, produced in spring and early summer. The fruit is edible, red on the surface, white inside.

Its fruit is still sold as a local delicacy in some South American produce markets.

Amédée-François Frézier (1682–1773) was the first to bring back specimens of Fragaria chiloensis to the Old World.

Subspecies

There are a number of subspecies and forms:

  • Fragaria chiloensis subsp. chiloensis forma chiloensis
  • Fragaria chiloensis subsp. chiloensis forma patagonica (Argentina, Chile)
  • Fragaria chiloensis subsp. lucida (E. Vilm. ex Gay) Staudt (coast of British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, California)
  • Fragaria chiloensis subsp. pacifica Staudt (coast of Alaska, British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, California)
  • Fragaria chiloensis subsp. sandwicensis (Decne.) Staudt - ʻŌhelo papa (Hawaiʻi)
Fragria chiloensis subsp. chiloensis forma chiloensis

Genetics

All strawberries have a base haploid count of 7 chromosomes. Fragaria chiloensis is octoploid, having eight sets of these chromosomes for a total of 56. These eight genomes pair as four distinct sets, of two different types, with little or no pairing between sets. The genome composition of the octoploid strawberry species has generally been indicated as AAA'A'BBB'B'. The A-type genomes were likely contributed by diploid ancestors related to Fragaria vesca or similar species, while the B-type genomes seem to descend from a close relative of Fragaria iinumae. The exact process of hybridization and speciation which resulted in the octoploid species is still unknown, but it appears that the genome compositions of both Fragaria chiloensis and Fragaria virginiana (and by extension the cultivated octoploid strawberry as well) are identical.

References

  1. Sauer, Jonathan D. (1993). Historical Geography of Crop Plants: A Select Roster. CRC Press. pp. 128–129. ISBN 0849389011.

External links

Strawberries
Species
Hybrids: F. × ananassa
F. × bringhurstii
F. × vescana
Strawberry cultivars
Breeders
Dishes
Pest and diseases
See also
 Category: Strawberries
Categories: