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'''Pisgat Ze'ev''' ({{lang-he|פסגת זאב}}, lit. ''Ze'ev's Peak''), is an ] and a residential neighborhood with a population of 50,000 located in northern ]. The international community considers Israeli settlements in the ] ], although the Israeli government disputes this.<ref name=bbcGCIV>{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/1682640.stm |title=The Geneva Convention |publisher=] |date=10 December 2009 |accessdate=27 November 2010 }}</ref> It was established on land annexed to ] after the ], as one of the five ]. Construction began in 1982, and the first families moved in three years later. Pisgat Ze'ev is situated east of the Arab neighborhood of ], west of the ] villages of ] and ], and south of ]. '''Pisgat Ze'ev''' ({{lang-he|פסגת זאב}}, lit. ''Ze'ev's Peak''), is an ] and a residential neighborhood with a population of 50,000 located in northern ]. The international community considers Israeli settlements in the ] ], although the Israeli government disputes this.<ref name=bbcGCIV>{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/1682640.stm |title=The Geneva Convention |publisher=] |date=10 December 2009 |accessdate=27 November 2010 }}</ref> Pisgat Ze'ev was established on land annexed to ] after the ], as one of the city's five ]. Pisgat Ze'ev is situated east of ], west of ] and ], and south of ].


==History== ==History==
] ]
] running through Pisgat Ze'ev]] ] running through Pisgat Ze'ev]]
Archeological evidence shows that the region was a major producer of wine and oil for use in the ]. Pisgat Ze'ev was established in 1984 to create a contiguous Jewish link with ], which had been isolated from other Jewish areas. The neighborhood was established on a hill known by the Arabs as Ras a-Tawill, 772 meters above sea level. The original name proposal was "Pisgat Tal," but the final choice was Pisgat Ze'ev, after the ] leader, ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jerusalem.muni.il/jer_sys/picture/atarim/site_form_atar_eng.asp?site_id=2277&pic_cat=4&icon_cat=6&york_cat=9&type_id=197 |title=Jerusalem Neighborhoods: Pisgat Ze'ev |last= |first= |accessdate=2010-03-30 |date=2009-07-13 |publisher=Jerusalem Municipality}}</ref> It is one of Jerusalem's ]. Archeological evidence shows that the region was a major producer of wine and oil for use in the ]. Pisgat Ze'ev was established in 1984 to create a contiguous Jewish link with ], which had been isolated from other Jewish areas. The neighborhood was established on a hill known by the Arabs as Ras a-Tawill, 772 meters above sea level. The original name proposal was "Pisgat Tal," but the final choice was Pisgat Ze'ev, after the ] leader, ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jerusalem.muni.il/jer_sys/picture/atarim/site_form_atar_eng.asp?site_id=2277&pic_cat=4&icon_cat=6&york_cat=9&type_id=197 |title=Jerusalem Neighborhoods: Pisgat Ze'ev |last= |first= |accessdate=2010-03-30 |date=2009-07-13 |publisher=Jerusalem Municipality}}</ref>

==Geography== ==Geography==
] ]
{{Jerusalem First LRT Line}} {{Jerusalem First LRT Line}}
Pisgat Ze'ev consists of five sections: Center (1984), West (1988), East and North (1990), and South (1998). It is linked to downtown Jerusalem by a direct ], ] (referred to by many as "Road 1", its official designation within the Jerusalem Municipality). Pisgat Ze'ev lies in the northern sector of Jerusalem and its location is only referred to as "East Jerusalem" due to the fact it was established east of the ].{{cn|date=October 2011}} Pisgat Ze'ev has five districts: Center (1984), West (1988), East and North (1990), and South (1998). It is linked to downtown Jerusalem by a direct ], ] (referred to by many as "Road 1", its official designation within the Jerusalem Municipality). Pisgat Ze'ev is situated in north Jerusalem but described as part of East Jerusalem due to being east of the ].{{cn|date=October 2011}}
==Demographics== ==Demographics==
The establishment of Pisgat Ze'ev increased the proportion of Jews living in East Jerusalem relative to the number of Arabs. In 1990, there were 150,000 Arabs and 120,000 Jews in East Jerusalem; in 1993, there were 155,000 Arabs and 160,000 Jews.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.icahd.org/eng/articles.asp?menu=6&submenu=2&article=260 |title=The Choice is Now |last=Godfrey-Goldstein |first=Andrea |accessdate=2010-03-30| date=2006-05-22 |publisher=The Israeli Committee Against House Demolitions}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.btselem.org/English/Jerusalem/ |title=East Jerusalem |last= |first= |accessdate=2010-03-30 |date= |publisher=B'Tselem, The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights}}</ref>The construction of the ] in 2004 has increased the number of Palestinians moving into Pisgat Ze'ev.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/world/20060508-120655-8112r.htm |title=Jerusalem barrier prompts Arabs to move across town |last=Mitnick |first=Joshua |accessdate=2010-03-30 |date=2006-05-08 |publisher=]}}</ref>In 2007, 1,300 Arabs were living in Pisgat Zeev.<ref></ref> Since the establishment of Pisgat Ze'ev, the proportion of Jews living in East Jerusalem has risen. In 1990, there were 150,000 Arabs and 120,000 Jews in East Jerusalem; in 1993, there were 155,000 Arabs and 160,000 Jews.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.icahd.org/eng/articles.asp?menu=6&submenu=2&article=260 |title=The Choice is Now |last=Godfrey-Goldstein |first=Andrea |accessdate=2010-03-30| date=2006-05-22 |publisher=The Israeli Committee Against House Demolitions}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.btselem.org/English/Jerusalem/ |title=East Jerusalem |last= |first= |accessdate=2010-03-30 |date= |publisher=B'Tselem, The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights}}</ref>The construction of the ] in 2004 has increased the number of Palestinians moving to Pisgat Ze'ev.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/world/20060508-120655-8112r.htm |title=Jerusalem barrier prompts Arabs to move across town |last=Mitnick |first=Joshua |accessdate=2010-03-30 |date=2006-05-08 |publisher=]}}</ref>In 2007, 1,300 Arabs were living in Pisgat Zeev.<ref></ref>


==Status under international law== ==Status under international law==
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==Jerusalem light rail system== ==Jerusalem light rail system==
The Red Line of Jerusalem's new ] system runs from Pisgat Ze’ev in the northeast, south along Road 1 to ], westward to the ], southwest, crossing the ] to the ] neighborhood, and terminating at ], on the outskirts of the ] neighborhood. The project has aroused anger among Palestinians, who say the route trespasses on their land.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=167717 |title=Palestinians irate over new Jerusalem light rail |last=Selig |first=Abe |accessdate=2010-03-30 |date=2010-03-02 |publisher=]}}</ref> The Red Line of Jerusalem's new ] system runs from Pisgat Ze’ev in the northeast, south along Road 1 to ], westward to the ], southwest, crossing the ] to the ] neighborhood, and terminating at ], on the outskirts of the ] neighborhood. Before it became operational, the project aroused anger among Palestinians, who said the route trespassed on their land.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=167717 |title=Palestinians irate over new Jerusalem light rail |last=Selig |first=Abe |accessdate=2010-03-30 |date=2010-03-02 |publisher=]}}</ref>


==Street names== ==Street names==
] Boulevard, beginning at ] in the south and ending in ] in the north, is named after the famed Israeli Army general. It is Pisgat Ze'ev's major commercial thoroughfare, including many shops, eateries and the ]. Many of the street names in Pisgat Ze'ev commemorate leading Israeli personalities such as ], ], ] and Meir Gershon. In the center of Pisgat Ze'ev, many streets are named for ] units that fought in the country's wars. A memorial for fallen soldiers is located in an archeological park in central Pisgat Ze'ev. ] Boulevard, beginning at ] in the south and ending in ] in the north, is named after the famed Israeli Army general. It is Pisgat Ze'ev's major commercial thoroughfare, including many shops, eateries and the ]. Many of the street names in Pisgat Ze'ev commemorate leading Israeli personalities such as ], ], ] and Meir Gershon. In the center of Pisgat Ze'ev, many streets are named for ] units that fought in the country's wars. A memorial for fallen soldiers is located in an archeological park in central Pisgat Ze'ev.


==Community projects== ==Environmental projects==
With the help of the ] (SPNI), the residents of Pisgat Ze'ev transformed a {{convert|5|acre|m2|adj=on}} site used as an illegal dumping ground into a ] sanctuary with over 55 species of trees and plants.<ref></ref> With the help of the ] (SPNI), the residents of Pisgat Ze'ev transformed a {{convert|5|acre|m2|adj=on}} site used as an illegal dumping ground into a ] sanctuary with over 55 species of trees and plants.<ref></ref>


Revision as of 15:13, 12 January 2012

View of Pisgat Ze'ev Mall (left) and Community Center (right foreground) on Moshe Dayan Boulevard

Pisgat Ze'ev (Template:Lang-he, lit. Ze'ev's Peak), is an Israeli settlement and a residential neighborhood with a population of 50,000 located in northern East Jerusalem. The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law, although the Israeli government disputes this. Pisgat Ze'ev was established on land annexed to Israel after the Six Day War, as one of the city's five ring neighborhoods. Pisgat Ze'ev is situated east of Shuafat, west of Hizma and 'Anata, and south of Neve Yaakov.

History

Pisgat Ze'ev
Jerusalem Light Rail running through Pisgat Ze'ev

Archeological evidence shows that the region was a major producer of wine and oil for use in the Temple in Jerusalem. Pisgat Ze'ev was established in 1984 to create a contiguous Jewish link with Neve Yaakov, which had been isolated from other Jewish areas. The neighborhood was established on a hill known by the Arabs as Ras a-Tawill, 772 meters above sea level. The original name proposal was "Pisgat Tal," but the final choice was Pisgat Ze'ev, after the Revisionist Zionist leader, Ze'ev Jabotinsky.

Geography

Great Synagogue, Pisgat Ze'ev
Jerusalem Light Rail
Red Line
Legend
Neve Yaakov
Yitzhak Tabenkin
Mazal Keshet
Moshe Dayan North
Heil Ha-Avir
Sayeret Dukhifat
Pisgat Ze'ev Center
Yekuti'el Adam
Beit 'Hanina
Shu'afat
Es-Sahl
Depot
Giv'at Ha-Mivtar
Ammunition Hill
Shim'on Ha-Tsadik
Shivtei Israel
Damascus Gate
City Hall
Jaffa Center
Ha-Davidka
Mahane Yehuda
Ha-Turim
Central Bus Station Jerusalem–Yitzhak Navon railway station Jerusalem central bus station
Kiryat Moshe
He-'Halutz
Denia Square
Yefeh Nof
Mount Herzl
Shmaryahu Levin
Kiryat HaYovel West
Mifletzet Park
Henrietta Szold East
Kiryat Menachem
Ora Junction
Medical School
Hadassah Ein Kerem

Pisgat Ze'ev has five districts: Center (1984), West (1988), East and North (1990), and South (1998). It is linked to downtown Jerusalem by a direct freeway, Route 60 (referred to by many as "Road 1", its official designation within the Jerusalem Municipality). Pisgat Ze'ev is situated in north Jerusalem but described as part of East Jerusalem due to being east of the Green Line.

Demographics

Since the establishment of Pisgat Ze'ev, the proportion of Jews living in East Jerusalem has risen. In 1990, there were 150,000 Arabs and 120,000 Jews in East Jerusalem; in 1993, there were 155,000 Arabs and 160,000 Jews.The construction of the Israeli West Bank barrier in 2004 has increased the number of Palestinians moving to Pisgat Ze'ev.In 2007, 1,300 Arabs were living in Pisgat Zeev.

Status under international law

The international community considers Israeli settlements a violation of the Fourth Geneva Convention. Israel disputes that the Fourth Geneva Convention applies to the these territories as they had not been legally held by a sovereign prior to Israel taking control of them. This view has been rejected by the International Court of Justice and the International Committee of the Red Cross.

Schools and public buildings

With 40 percent of the residents under the age of 21, Pisgat Ze'ev has 58 kindergartens, 9 elementary schools, 2 middle schools and 3 high schools. There are also 22 synagogues and 2 libraries.

Jerusalem light rail system

The Red Line of Jerusalem's new light rail system runs from Pisgat Ze’ev in the northeast, south along Road 1 to Jaffa Road, westward to the Jerusalem Central Bus Station, southwest, crossing the Chords Bridge to the Beit Hakerem neighborhood, and terminating at Mount Herzl, on the outskirts of the Bayit Vegan neighborhood. Before it became operational, the project aroused anger among Palestinians, who said the route trespassed on their land.

Street names

Moshe Dayan Boulevard, beginning at Highway 1 (Israel) in the south and ending in Neve Yaakov in the north, is named after the famed Israeli Army general. It is Pisgat Ze'ev's major commercial thoroughfare, including many shops, eateries and the Pisga Mall. Many of the street names in Pisgat Ze'ev commemorate leading Israeli personalities such as Simcha Holtzberg, Moshe Rachmilewitz, Eliyahu Meridor and Meir Gershon. In the center of Pisgat Ze'ev, many streets are named for Israel Defense Force units that fought in the country's wars. A memorial for fallen soldiers is located in an archeological park in central Pisgat Ze'ev.

Environmental projects

With the help of the Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel (SPNI), the residents of Pisgat Ze'ev transformed a 5-acre (20,000 m) site used as an illegal dumping ground into a wildflower sanctuary with over 55 species of trees and plants.

Arab-Israeli conflict

A passenger bus leaving the Pisgat Ze'ev terminus was blown up by a Palestinian suicide bomber in May 2003. Seven people were killed in the attack and dozens were wounded. The police said the bomber boarded the bus disguised as a religious Jew, wearing a kippa and a prayer shawl. One of the victims was a resident of the Shuafat refugee camp, on his way to work at the Hadassah Medical Center in Ein Kerem.

Pisgat Ze'ev East

See also

References

  1. "The Geneva Convention". BBC News. 10 December 2009. Retrieved 27 November 2010.
  2. "Jerusalem Neighborhoods: Pisgat Ze'ev". Jerusalem Municipality. 2009-07-13. Retrieved 2010-03-30.
  3. Godfrey-Goldstein, Andrea (2006-05-22). "The Choice is Now". The Israeli Committee Against House Demolitions. Retrieved 2010-03-30.
  4. "East Jerusalem". B'Tselem, The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights. Retrieved 2010-03-30.
  5. Mitnick, Joshua (2006-05-08). "Jerusalem barrier prompts Arabs to move across town". The Washington Times. Retrieved 2010-03-30.
  6. Holy city twist: Arabs moving into Jewish areas
  7. The settlers' struggle BBC News. 19 December 2003
  8. Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory International Court of Justice, 9 July 2004. pp. 44-45
  9. Opinion of the International Court of Justice B'Tselem
  10. Selig, Abe (2010-03-02). "Palestinians irate over new Jerusalem light rail". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 2010-03-30.
  11. SPNI Jerusalem
  12. Silver, Eric (2003-05-19). "Nightmare images from a Jerusalem commuter bus". The Independent. Retrieved 2010-03-30.
  13. Sedan, Gil (2003-05-23). "Rich, poor, Arab, Jew - Terror kills without prejudice". Jweekly.com. Retrieved 2010-03-30.

External links

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