| Revision as of 14:27, 17 October 2012 editClueBot NG (talk | contribs)Bots, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers6,439,670 editsm Reverting possible vandalism by 49.249.114.20 to version by Imarapaholic. False positive? Report it. Thanks, ClueBot NG. (1278649) (Bot)← Previous edit | Revision as of 02:40, 18 October 2012 edit undoLerlet (talk | contribs)3 editsmNo edit summaryTag: blankingNext edit → | ||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| {{Redirect|2012 Olympics|the Winter Youth Olympics|2012 Winter Youth Olympics|the Paralympic Games|2012 Summer Paralympics}} | |||
| {{Redirect|London 2012|the video game|London 2012 (video game)}} | |||
| {{multiple issues| | |||
| {{copy edit|date=October 2012}} | |||
| {{globalize/UK|date=October 2012}} | |||
| {{prose|date=October 2012}} | |||
| {{very long|date=October 2012}} | |||
| }} | |||
| {{pp-move|small=yes}}{{pp-vandalism|small=yes}} | |||
| {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2012}} | |||
| {{Use British English|date=August 2012}} | |||
| {{Infobox Olympic games|2012|Summer | |||
| | Logo = London Olympics 2012 logo.svg<!-- Please do not replace. This issue has been discussed. --> | |||
| | Size = 200 | |||
| | Name = Official Logo of the consolidated 2012 Olympic Games | |||
| | Optional caption = <small>This is the clear version of the official logo.<br />There are four official base colours, and another version for the<br />].<br />For more details, see section "]" below.</small> | |||
| | Motto = Inspire a Generation | |||
| | Nations participating = 204 | |||
| | Athletes participating = 10,820 | |||
| | Officially opened by = ] | |||
| | Athlete's Oath = ] | |||
| | Judge's Oath = Mik Basi | |||
| | Coach's Oath = Eric Farrell | |||
| | Olympic Torch = {{Plainlist| | |||
| * Callum Airlie | |||
| * Jordan Duckitt | |||
| * Desiree Henry | |||
| * Katie Kirk | |||
| * Cameron MacRitchie | |||
| * Aidan Reynolds | |||
| * Adelle Tracey | |||
| * Austin Playfoot (relight) | |||
| }} | |||
| <ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.london2012.com/news/articles/cauldron-moved-into-position-olympic-stadium.html |title=Cauldron moved into position in Olympic Stadium |publisher=London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Organizing Committee|date=30 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| |SpreviousS = ] | |||
| |SnextS = ] | |||
| }} | |||
| {{2012 Summer Olympics}} | |||
| The '''2012 Summer Olympics''', officially the '''Games of the XXX Olympiad''',<ref>The IOC numbers the Olympiads by ].</ref> and also more generally known as '''London 2012''', was a major international ], celebrated in the tradition of the ], as governed by the ] (IOC), that took place in ], ], from 27 July to 12 August 2012. The first event, the ]s in ], began two days earlier, on 25 July.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.olympic.org/uk/games/london/index_uk.asp |publisher = International Olympic Committee |title=London 2012 |accessdate=3 August 2008 |archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20080801100305/http://www.olympic.org/uk/games/london/index_uk.asp |archivedate=1 August 2008|deadurl=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/olympics/2012/schedule-results/list/football/20120725 |title=Olympics schedule and results – Wednesday 25 July |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> More than 10,000 athletes from 204 ]s (NOCs) participated.<ref name=athletecount/> | |||
| == Richelet Etienne == | |||
| '''He was born on November 23, 1983, in Jérémie, Haiti. He attended CFCD high school, Port-au-Prince, Haiti, and then furtheredhis education at LincolnTechnical Institute, Columbia, Maryland, as a master auto mechanic. Not only is the author a poet, he is also skilled in expressing his thoughts as a songwriter. | |||
| ''' | |||
| Following a bid headed by former Olympic champion ] and then-] ], London was selected as the host city on 6 July 2005 during the ] ] in Singapore, defeating bids from Moscow, New York City, Madrid and Paris.<ref name="Election">{{cite web |url= http://www.olympic.org/en/content/Olympic-Games/All-Future-Olympic-Games/Summer/London-2012 |title=London 2012: Election |publisher=International Olympic Committee |accessdate=2 October 2009 |archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20091004234329/http://www.olympic.org/en/content/Olympic-Games/All-Future-Olympic-Games/Summer/London-2012 |archivedate=4 October 2009|deadurl=no}}</ref> London was the first city to officially host the modern Olympic Games ],<ref>{{Cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/other_sports/olympics_2012/4654821.stm |title= Coe promises Olympics to remember |work=BBC Sport |date=6 July 2005 |accessdate=3 August 2008}}</ref><ref>] has also hosted three ]-organised events, in ], ] and the ] in ]. However, the 1906 Games are no longer officially recognised by the IOC, as they do not fit with the quadrennial pattern of the modern Olympics.</ref> having previously done so in ] and in ].<ref>{{Cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics/7361921.stm |title=London's first Olympics |work=BBC Sport |date=26 April 2008 |accessdate=3 August 2008 |first=Mark |last=Barden}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/modern/olympics_1948_gallery.shtml|title=The 1948 London Olympics Gallery |publisher=BBC History |accessdate=3 August 2008 |archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20080718202435/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/modern/olympics_1948_gallery.shtml |archivedate=18 July 2008|deadurl=no}}</ref> | |||
| == House of Love is a book of poetry which touches upon a potpourri of themes. The author paints colorful pictures with words as he speaks of things he holds dearest to his heart: love, peace, courage, nature, hope, happiness, faith, respect, reality, and dreams. Through his word art, he reveals his wishes, beliefs, spirituality, and shares his experiences. He draws upon his rich experiences buried deep within his soul to portray life in two cultures, his native Haiti and the U.S. == | |||
| Construction in preparation for the Games involved considerable redevelopment, particularly themed towards ].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.london2012.com/plans/sustainability/getting-ready/index.php |title=Building a sustainable Games |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=2 October 2009 |archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20091018073244/http://www.london2012.com/plans/sustainability/getting-ready/index.php |archivedate=18 October 2009|deadurl=no}}</ref> The main focus was a new {{convert|200|ha|acre|adj=on}} ], constructed on a former industrial site at ].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.newham.gov.uk/2012Games/AboutThe2012Games/TheOlympicPark.htm |title=Newham London: The Olympic Park |publisher=London Borough of Newham |accessdate=1 April 2012}}</ref> The Games also made use of ] which were already in place before the bid.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.london2012.com/mm%5CDocument%5CPublications%5CCandidateFile%5C01%5C24%5C07%5C59%5Cquestionnaire-response-english.pdf |title=Response to the questionnaire for cities applying to become Candidate cities to host the Games of the XXX Olympiad and the Paralympic Games in 2012 |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=29 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| http://ritchoutoujours.wordpress.com | |||
| The Games received widespread acclaim for their organisation, with the volunteers, the British military, and public enthusiasm praised particularly highly.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-19233495 |work=BBC News |title=London 2012: IOC chief Jaques Rogge 'very happy' with Games |date=12 August 2012 |accessdate=14 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/london-2012-olympics-blog/2012/aug/12/has-olympics-changed-london-2012 |title=Has the Olympics changed London? |work=The Guardian (Olympics blog) |date=12 August 2012 |accessdate=14 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Scanlan, Wayne |date=10 August 2012 |url= http://www.calgaryherald.com/sports/2012-summer-games/Buoyed+record+medal+haul+suprisingly+sunny/7072134/story.html |title=Buoyed by a record medal haul – and suprisingly sunny skies – the British have embraced the Olympics, turning out to live sites in droves to cheer on Team GB |newspaper=Calgary Hherald |accessdate=14 August 2012}}</ref> The ], directed by ], also received near-universal acclaim.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/9434563/London-2012-the-experts-view-of-the-Olympic-opening-ceremony.html |title=London 2012: the experts' view of the Olympic opening ceremony |newspaper=The Sunday Telegraph |date=29 July 2012 |location =London |accessdate=14 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2012/jul/27/olympics-opening-ceremony-view-from-abroad |title= Olympics opening ceremony: the view from abroad |newspaper=The Guardian |author=Topping, Alexandra |date=28 July 2012 |page=2 |location =London |accessdate=14 August 2012}}</ref> During the Games, ] became the most decorated Olympic athlete of all time, winning his 22nd medal.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2012/jul/31/london-2012-michael-phelps-olympian |title=Michael Phelps becomes the greatest Olympian |accessdate=11 August 2012 |newspaper=The Guardian |author=McCrae, Donald |location =London |date= 1 August 2012 |page=1}}</ref> ] achieved its highest tally of gold medals since 1908, finishing third in the medal table. ], ] and ] entered female athletes for the first time, meaning every currently eligible country has sent a female competitor to at least one Olympic Games.<ref>{{cite news |last=Magnay |first=Jacquelin |authorlink=Jacquelin Magnay |title=London 2012 Olympics diary: three countries have failed to send any female athletes |url= http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/9468113/London-2012-Olympics-diary-three-countries-have-failed-to-send-any-female-athletes.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |location =London |date=11 August 2012|accessdate=14 August 2012}}</ref> With women's boxing included, the Games became the first at which every sport had female competitors.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/olympics/19096530 |title=London 2012 international digest — Day Six |date=2 August 2012 |work= BBC Sport |accessdate=11 August 2012}}</ref> | |||
| ==Bidding process== | |||
| {{Main|Bids for the 2012 Summer Olympics}} | |||
| By July 15th 2003, the deadline for interested cities to submit bids to the ] (IOC), nine cities had submitted bids to host the 2012 Summer Olympics. These cities were ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] and ].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/other_sports/3068323.stm |title=Olympic bids: The rivals|publisher=BBC Sport|date=15 July 2003|accessdate=3 August 2008}}</ref> | |||
| Since the United Kingdom hosted the ] in London, three bids had been made for a British city to host the Summer Olympics – ] for the 1992 Games and ] for the 1996 and ]. Preliminary planning for a possible London bid for the 2012 Olympics began in 1997.<ref>{{Cite news|title=London 2012 Olympics|url=http://www.politics.co.uk/reference/london-2012-olympics|work=politics.co.uk|accessdate=20 July 2012}}</ref> The United Kingdom had successfully hosted the ] and the ] which regenerated a large part of east Manchester. Both events satisfied the IOC, that the United Kingdom as a whole could host large sporting events and generated impetus for the country to host ].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Can Britain stage the Olympics?|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/commonwealthgames2002/hi/sports_talk/newsid_2173000/2173240.stm|work=BBC News|date=5 August 2002|accessdate=20 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| ] in London]] | |||
| Then-], ], said his primary motivation for initiating and lobbying for the city's bid was to develop the ], neglected for over thirty years.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.metro.co.uk/news/144415-mayor-ken-in-olympics-bid-revelation|title= Mayor Ken in Olympics bid revelation|newspaper=Metro|location=London|date=14 October 2011 |accessdate=8 June 2012}}</ref> On 18 May 2004, the IOC, as a result of a scored technical evaluation, reduced the number of cities to five: London, Madrid, Moscow, New York and Paris.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/other_sports/olympics_2012/3725157.stm|title=London bid team delighted|publisher=BBC Sport|date=18 May 2004|accessdate=3 August 2008}}</ref> | |||
| All five cities submitted their candidate files by 19 November 2004, and were visited by the IOC inspection team during February and March 2005. The Paris bid suffered two setbacks during the IOC inspection visit: a number of strikes and demonstrations coinciding with the visits, and a report that a key member of the bid team, ], would face charges over alleged corrupt party political finances.<ref name="wrongb">{{Cite news |publisher=GamesBids |accessdate=9 March 2005 |url=http://www.gamesbids.com/cgi-bin/news/viewnews.cgi?category=1&id=1110389129 |title=Day One Of Paris 2012 Inspection By IOC}}</ref> | |||
| On 6 June 2005, the IOC released its evaluation reports for the five candidate cities. Although these reports did not contain any scores or rankings, the evaluation report for Paris was considered the most positive, followed closely by London, which had narrowed most of the gap observed by the initial evaluation in 2004 regarding Paris. New York and Madrid also received very positive evaluation reports.<ref name="wrongc">{{Cite news |publisher=GamesBids |accessdate=6 June 2005 |url=http://www.gamesbids.com/cgi-bin/news/viewnews.cgi?category=1&id=1118060827 |title=Paris, London and New York Get Glowing IOC Reports}}</ref> | |||
| ] – the head of the London 2012 bid]] | |||
| Throughout the process, Paris was widely seen as the favorite to win the nomination, particularly as this was its third bid in recent history. Originally, London seemed second to Paris by a considerable margin; however, the situation began to improve with the appointment of ] as new head of London 2012 on 19 May 2004.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bsr.london.edu/lbs-article/673/index.html|title=How London really won the games|accessdate=24 June 2012|last=Payne|first=Michael|publisher=London Business School}}</ref> | |||
| In late August 2004, reports predicted a London and Paris tie in the 2012 bid.<ref name="wrongd">{{Cite news |publisher=GamesBids|accessdate=31 August 2004|url=http://www.gamesbids.com/cgi-bin/news/viewnews.cgi?category=1&id=1093970849|title=London And Paris Tie In 2012 Bid}}</ref> In the final run-up to the 117th IOC Session, London and Paris appeared to be increasingly in a neck-and-neck race. On 1 July 2005, ], when asked who the winner would be, told the assembled press: "I cannot predict it since I don't know how the IOC members will vote. But my gut feeling tells me that it will be very close. Perhaps it will come down to a difference of say ten votes, or maybe less".<ref name="Rogge quote">{{cite web |publisher=] |accessdate=6 March 2007 |url=http://www.sailing.org/news/12257.php |title=Rogge Arrives in Singapore |date=1 July 2005}}</ref> | |||
| On 6 July 2005, the final selection was announced at the 117th IOC Session in ]. Moscow was the first city to be eliminated, followed by New York and Madrid. The final two cities left in contention were London and Paris. At the end of the fourth round of voting, London won the right to host the 2012 Games with 54 votes, defeating Paris's 50.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/front_page/4655555.stm |work=BBC News |title=London beats Paris to 2012 Games |date=6 July 2005}}</ref> The celebrations in London were short-lived, being overshadowed by ] less than 24 hours after the announcement.<ref>{{Cite news |url= http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2005/sep/02/london.Olympics2012 |title=The party that never was: capital marks the games at last—Eight weeks after Olympic celebrations were cut short by bombings, London puts on a low-key spectacle to show it means business |work=The Guardian |location=London |date=6 July 2005 |accessdate=22 August 2008 |first=Andrew |last=Culf |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20081002091306/http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2005/sep/02/london.Olympics2012 |archivedate=2 October 2008 |deadurl=no}}</ref> | |||
| {| class="wikitable" | |||
| |- | |||
| ! colspan="7"|2012 Summer Olympics bidding results | |||
| |- | |||
| ! City | |||
| ! ] | |||
| | style="background:silver;"|'''Round 1''' | |||
| | style="background:silver;"|'''Round 2''' | |||
| | style="background:silver;"|'''Round 3''' | |||
| | style="background:silver;"|'''Round 4''' | |||
| |- | |||
| ||]||{{GBR}}|| style="text-align:center;"|'''22'''|| style="text-align:center;"|27|| style="text-align:center;"|'''39'''|| style="text-align:center;"|'''54''' | |||
| |- | |||
| ||]||{{FRA}}|| style="text-align:center;"|21|| style="text-align:center;"|25|| style="text-align:center;"|33|| style="text-align:center;"|50 | |||
| |- | |||
| ||]||{{ESP}}|| style="text-align:center;"|20|| style="text-align:center;"|'''32'''|| style="text-align:center;"|31|| style="text-align:center;"|— | |||
| |- | |||
| ||]||{{USA}}|| style="text-align:center;"|19|| style="text-align:center;"|16|| style="text-align:center;"|—|| style="text-align:center;"|— | |||
| |- | |||
| ||]||{{RUS}}|| style="text-align:center;"|15|| style="text-align:center;"|—|| style="text-align:center;"|—|| style="text-align:center;"|— | |||
| |} | |||
| ==Development and preparation== | |||
| {{Main|2012 Summer Olympic development}} | |||
| The ] (LOCOG) was created to oversee the staging of the Games after the success of the bid, and held its first board meeting on 3 October 2005.<ref name="temp board">{{cite press release |url= http://www.lda.gov.uk/news-and-events/media-centre/press-releases/2005/locog-formally-established-at-first-meeting-of-london-2012-transition-board.aspx |title=LOCOG formally established at first meeting of London 2012 Transition Board |publisher= London Development Agency |accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> The committee, chaired by ], was in charge of implementing and staging the Games, while the ] (ODA) was in charge of the construction of the venues and infrastructure.<ref name="temp board"/> The latter was established in April 2006.<ref>{{cite press release |url= http://www.london2012.com/news/2006/07/lemley-chairs-first-oda-board-meeting.php |title=Lemley chairs first ODA board meeting |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> | |||
| The ] (GOE), a unit within the ] (DCMS), was the lead government body for coordinating the London 2012 Olympics. It focused on oversight of the Games, cross-programme programme management and the ] before and after the Games that would benefit London and the United Kingdom. The organisation was also responsible for the supervision of the £9.3 billion of public sector funding.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.culture.gov.uk/what_we_do/2012_olympic_games_and_paralympic_games/default.aspx |title= 2012 Olympic Games & Paralympic Games |publisher=Department for Culture, Media and Sport |accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> | |||
| In August 2011, security concerns arose surrounding the hosting of the Olympic Games in London<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/10/sports/london-rioting-prompts-fears-over-soccer-matches-and-the-olympics.html|title=London Rioting Prompts Fears Over Soccer and Olympics|date=9 August 2011|accessdate=11 August 2011|work=The New York Times|first1=Juliet |last1=Macur|first2=Eric|last2=Pfanner}}</ref> due to the ], with a few countries expressing fear over the safety of the Games,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/crime/8690809/London-riots-China-raises-questions-over-safety-of-2012-Olympic-Games.html|title=London riots: China raises questions over safety of 2012 Olympic Games|date=9 August 2011|accessdate=11 August 2011|work=The Daily Telegraph|location=London|first=Peter|last=Foster}}</ref> in spite of the ]'s assurance that the riots would not affect the Games.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2011/aug/09/london-riots-2012-olympics|title=London riots will not affect 2012 Olympic security, says IOC|date=9 August 2011|accessdate=11 August 2011|work=The Guardian|location=London|first=Jamie|last=Jackson}}</ref> | |||
| The IOC's Coordination Commission for the 2012 Games completed its tenth and final visit to London in March 2012. Its members concluded that "London is ready to host the world this summer".<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.olympic.org/news?articlenewsgroup=-1&articleid=159094 |title=London is ready to host the Olympic Games as excitement builds |publisher=Olympic.org |accessdate=13 April 2012}}</ref> | |||
| ===Venues=== | |||
| {{Main|Venues of the 2012 Summer Olympics and Paralympics}} | |||
| ] on the ] in Dorset hosted the ] events]] | |||
| The 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games used a mixture of new venues, existing and historic facilities, and temporary facilities, some of them in well-known locations such as ] and ]. After the Games, some of the new facilities will be reused in their Olympic form, while others will be resized or relocated.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.excel-london.co.uk/mediacentre/pressoffice/london2012 |title=London 2012 |publisher=Excel London |date=6 July 2005 |accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> | |||
| The majority of venues have been divided into three zones within ]: the Olympic Zone, the River Zone and the Central Zone. In addition there are a few venues that, by necessity, are outside the boundaries of Greater London, such as the ] some 125 miles (200 km) southwest of London, which hosted the ] events. The football tournament was staged at several grounds around the UK.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympic_games/7758646.stm|title=Olympics 2012 venue guide|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=15 October 2011|date=3 December 2008}}</ref> Work began on the Park in December 2006, when a sports hall in ] was pulled down.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/other_sports/olympics_2012/6179069.stm|title=Work begins on 2012 Olympic Park|publisher=BBC News|date=14 December 2006|accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> The athletes' village in Portland was completed in September 2011.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-dorset-14896476|title=Osprey Quay Olympic village topping out ceremony|publisher=BBC News|date=13 September 2011|accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> | |||
| In November 2004, the 200-hectare (500-acre) Olympic Park plans were revealed.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/other_sports/olympics_2012/3990319.stm|title=London reveals Olympic Park plans|publisher=BBC Sport|date=8 November 2004|accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> The plans for the site were approved in September 2004 by Tower Hamlets, Newham, Hackney and Waltham Forest.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/3639130.stm|title=2012 Olympic Park gets go ahead|publisher=BBC News|date=9 September 2004|accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> The redevelopment of the area to build the Olympic Park required ] orders of property. The London Development Agency was in dispute with ] about the orders in November 2005. By May 2006, 86% of the land had been bought as businesses fought eviction.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/4753045.stm|title=Probe into Olympic land evictions|publisher=BBC News|date=9 May 2006|accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> Residents who opposed the eviction tried to find ways to stop it by setting up campaigns, but they had to leave as 94% of land was bought and the other 6% bought as a £9 billion regeneration project started.<ref>{{cite news|author=Assistant Producer, Building the Olympic Dream|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympic_games/7937133.stm|title=Stratford's last stand|publisher=BBC Sport|date=11 March 2009|accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> | |||
| {{clear}} | |||
| {{Wide image|Olympic Park, London, 16 April 2012 (2).jpg|800px|Aerial view of the ] in April 2012}} | |||
| There were some issues with the original venues not being challenging enough or being financially unviable. Both the Olympic road races and the mountain bike event were initially considered to be too easy, so they were eventually scheduled on new locations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.london2012.com/games/olympic-sports/cycling-road.php|title=Road cycling|publisher=London2012 |accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics/london_2012/7554020.stm|title=Essex venue to host 2012 biking|publisher=BBC Sport|date=11 August 2008|accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> The ], which was set to finish in the Olympic stadium, was moved to The Mall, since closing Tower Bridge was deemed to cause traffic problems in central London.<ref>{{cite news|author=Gibson, Owen|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2010/oct/04/london-2012-marathon-mall|title=London 2012 marathon to finish at The Mall despite East End protests|work=The Guardian|location=London |accessdate=15 October 2011|date=4 October 2010}}</ref> ] was scrapped in a cost-cutting exercise, ] being used for badminton and rhythmic gymnastics events instead.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/london/content/articles/2008/10/17/greenwich_o2_wembley_feature.shtml|title=Greenwich or Wembley?|publisher=BBC News|date=17 October 2008|accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Henson|first=Mike|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympic_games/8101822.stm|title=Boxing chiefs voice 2012 concerns|publisher=BBC Sport |date=15 June 2009|accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympic_games/8015377.stm|title=Wembley may stage Olympic boxing|publisher=BBC Sport|date=23 April 2009|accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.morethanthegames.co.uk/summer-sports/2610926-badminton-and-rhythmic-gymnastics-agree-london-2012-wembley-move|title=Badminton and rhythmic gymnastics agree to London 2012 Wembley move|publisher=More than the Games|date=26 May 2010|accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> | |||
| Test events were held throughout 2011 and 2012, either through an existing championship such as ] or as a specially created event held under the banner of '']''.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympic_games/london_2012/9397066.stm|work=BBC News|title=London 2012 test events unveiled|date=24 February 2011}}</ref> | |||
| ===Public transport=== | |||
| ] service ran between ] and ], via ]]] | |||
| London's public transport scored poorly in the IOC's initial evaluation; however, it felt that, if the improvements were delivered in time for the Games, London would cope.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.olympic.org/Documents/Host_city_elections/2012_OG-Report_of_the_Evaluation_Commission.pdf |title=Report of the IOC Evaluation Commission for the Games of the XXX Olympiad in 2012 |publisher=Olympic.org |accessdate=23 June 2012}}</ref> ] (TfL) carried out numerous improvements in preparation for 2012, including the expansion of the ]'s ], upgrades to the ] and the ],<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.railway-technology.com/projects/london-olympics/ |title=London Olympics Transport Upgrade |work=Railway Technology |date=15 June 2011|accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> and the introduction of a new "]" high-speed rail service.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/kent/3957867.stm |work=BBC News |title=High-speed rail links confirmed|date=27 October 2004}}</ref> According to Network Rail, an additional 4,000 train services operated during the Games, and train operators ran longer trains during the day.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-13534021 |work=BBC News |title=Extra trains planned for visitors to London 2012 venues|date=25 May 2011}}</ref> During the Games, ] was not served by any international services,<ref name=bbc-stratford-int>{{cite news |title= Eurostar 'will not stop' at Stratford International |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10154343 |accessdate=24 July 2012 |work=BBC News |date=25 May 2010}}</ref> westbound trains did not stop at ],<ref name=tfl-hackney>{{cite web|title=Hackney Wick |url= http://www.getaheadofthegames.com/travelinaffectedareas/city/transport/publictransportoverlay/hackneywick.html |work=Get Ahead of the Games|publisher=Transport for London|accessdate=24 July 2012}}</ref> and ] closed entirely during the Games.<ref name=tfl-pudding>{{cite web|title=Pudding Mill Lane |url= http://www.getaheadofthegames.com/travelinaffectedareas/city/transport/publictransportoverlay/439.html |work=Get Ahead of the Games|publisher=Transport for London|accessdate=24 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| ] crosses the ] between ] and the ]]] | |||
| TfL also built a £25 million ] across the ], called the ], to link 2012 Olympics venues.<ref name="CableBBC">{{Cite news |title=Thames cable car to link 2012 Olympic Games venues |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/10501313.stm |publisher=BBC News|accessdate=4 July 2010 |date=4 July 2010 |archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20100707085230/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/10501313.stm |archivedate=7 July 2010|deadurl=no}}</ref> It was inaugurated in June 2012, and crosses the Thames between ] and the ], carrying up to 2,500 passengers an hour, cutting journey times between the ] and the ] and providing a crossing every 30 seconds.<ref name="tfl-announcement">{{Cite press release |title=Plans unveiled for a new Thames crossing with London's first cable car system |url= http://www.tfl.gov.uk/corporate/media/newscentre/archive/16125.aspx |accessdate=5 July 2010 |publisher=Transport for London|date=4 July 2010}}</ref> | |||
| The plan was to have 80% of athletes travel less than 20 minutes to their event,<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200506/cmselect/cmtran/588/588i.pdf |title=Going for Gold: Transport for London's 2012 Olympic Games |publisher=House of Commons Transport Committee |date=8 March 2006|accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> and 93% of them within 30 minutes of their event.<ref name="transport">{{cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics/london_2012/4025027.stm |work=BBC Sport|title=London plan at-a-glance |date=6 July 2005}}</ref> The Olympic Park would be served by ten separate railway lines with a combined capacity of 240,000 passengers per hour.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/3866209.stm |work=BBC News |title=Free travel plan for Olympic bid |date=5 July 2004}}</ref> In addition, LOCOG planned for 90% of the venues to be served by three or more types of public transport.<ref name="transport"/> Two park-and-ride sites off the ] with a combined capacity of 12,000 cars were 25 minutes away from the Olympic Park. Another park-and-ride site was planned in ] with a capacity for 9,000 cars where spectators could board a 10-minute shuttle bus.<ref name="transport"/> To get spectators to ], four park-and-ride schemes were set up.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-berkshire-14911974 |title=Olympics 2012: Park and ride schemes for Dorney Lake events |work=BBC News |date=14 September 2011 |accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> | |||
| ] | |||
| TfL defined a network of roads leading between venues as the ]; roads connecting between all of the Olympic venues located within London. Many of these roads also contained special "Olympic lanes" marked with the Olympic rings{{emdash}}reserved for the use of Olympic athletes, officials, and other VIPs during the Games. Members of the public driving in an Olympic lane were subject to a fine of £130. Additionally, London buses would not include roads with Olympic lanes on their routes.<ref>, TfL</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.standard.co.uk/olympics/olympic-news/revealed-the-road-signs-that-will-ban-drivers-from-olympic-lanes-6368234.html |author=Beard, Matthew |title= Revealed: the road signs that will ban drivers from Olympic lanes |newspaper=London Evening Standard |date=15 November 2011}}</ref><ref name=guardian-cycling/> The painting of Olympic lane indicators in mid-July led to confusion from commuters, who wrongly believed that the Olympic lane restrictions had already taken effect (they were to take effect on 27 July). The ] experienced traffic jams due to drivers avoiding the Olympic lane, and likewise on a section of ], where the only lanes available in one direction were the Olympic lane and the bus lane.<ref name=dm-farce>{{cite news |last=Bond |first=Anthony |title=The road to nowhere: The most ridiculous example yet of how Olympics lanes are making a farce of driving in London |url= http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2174441/London-Olympics-2012-The-ridiculous-example-Olympics-lanes-making-farce-driving-London.html |newspaper=Daily Mail |location=London |date=16 July 2012 |accessdate=14 August 2012}}</ref> | |||
| Concerns were expressed at the logistics of spectators travelling to the events outside London. In particular, the ]s at ] had no direct motorway connections, and local roads are heavily congested by tourist traffic in the summer.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.panamericanchauffeurs.com/london_olympics_2012_airport_transfers.html |title=2012 London Olympic Games | London Chauffeur Limo Service |publisher= Panamerican Chauffeurs |date=6 July 2005 |accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> However, a £77 million relief road connecting Weymouth to Dorchester was built and opened in 2011.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/dorset/6529709.stm |work=BBC News |title=Go-ahead won for £77m relief road |date=5 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-dorset-12769307 |work=BBC News |title=Weymouth Olympic relief road is opened |date=17 March 2011}}</ref> Some £16 million was put aside for the rest of the improvements.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/dorset/8323724.stm |work=BBC News |title=Olympics road plans put on show |date=24 October 2009}}</ref> | |||
| TfL created a promotional campaign and website, ''Get Ahead of the Games'', to help provide information related to transport during the Olympics and Paralympics. Through the campaign, TfL also encouraged the use of cycling as a mode of transport during the Games.<ref name=les-cycling>{{cite news |title=The Olympic commute... Get ahead of the Games by bike |url= http://www.standard.co.uk/lifestyle/london-life/the-olympic-commute-get-ahead-of-the-games-by-bike-7978591.html |newspaper =London Evening Standard |date=26 July 2012 |author=Gardner, Jasmine |accessdate=14 August 2012}}</ref> However, despite this encouragement to use bicycles, members of the public protested that riding bikes on London roads would be more dangerous due to the blocked Olympic lanes, and also protested against a decision to close the ] during the Olympics and Paralympics due to security concerns.<ref name=guardian-cycling>{{cite news |last=Tuffrey |first=Laurie |title=Olympics regulations force cyclists to dismount |url= http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/bike-blog/2012/jul/10/olympics-regulations-cyclists |work=The Guardian |accessdate=24 July 2012 |location=London |date=10 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| ===Financing=== | |||
| The costs of mounting the Games are separate from those for building the venues and infrastructure, and redeveloping the land for the Olympic Park. While the Games are privately funded, the venues and Park costs are met largely by public money. | |||
| The original budget for the Games was £2.4 billion, but this was increased almost fourfold to about £9.3 billion ($14.46 billion) in 2007.<ref>{{cite news|last=Pearman|first=Hugh|title=These Knock-Down, Shrinkable Games|url=http://professional.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303754904577532921054250902.html?mod=ITP_personaljournal_3&mg=reno64-wsj|accessdate=25 July 2012|newspaper=]|date=25 July 2012|page=D6}}</ref> The revised figures were announced to the ] on 15 March 2007 by ]. Along with East End regeneration costs, the breakdown was: | |||
| *Building the venues and infrastructure — £5.3 billion | |||
| *Elite sport and Paralympic funding — £400 million. | |||
| *Security and policing — £600 million | |||
| *Regeneration of the Lower Lea Valley — £1.7 billion | |||
| *Contingency fund — £2.7 billion | |||
| *VAT — £800 million. | |||
| ===Volunteers=== | |||
| Unpaid volunteers known as Games Makers performed a variety of tasks before and during the Games.<ref>{{cite web|title=Volunteering – Making the Games happen|url=http://www.london2012.com/volunteer |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=15 April 2012}}</ref> A target of 70,000 volunteers was set as early as 2004.<ref>{{cite news |last=Shifrin |first=Tash |title= Olympic appeal as volunteer target hit |url= http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2004/feb/10/volunteering |accessdate=15 April 2012 |newspaper=The Guardian |location=London |date=10 February 2004}}</ref> When recruitment took place in 2010, over 240,000 applications were received.<ref>{{cite web |title=10 Games Maker facts |url=http://www.london2012.com/get-involved/volunteer/london-2012-games-makers/10-games-maker-facts.php |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=15 April 2012}}</ref> Sebastian Coe said in February 2012, "Our Games Makers will contribute a total of around eight million volunteer hours during the Games and the Games simply wouldn't happen without them".<ref>{{cite news |title= Volunteers training day at Wembley Stadium as they prepare for Games |url= http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/9061305/London-2012-Olympics-volunteers-training-day-at-Wembley-Stadium-as-they-prepare-for-Games.html |accessdate=15 April 2012 |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |date=4 February 2012}}</ref> The volunteers wore Olympic style clothing which includes purple and red shirts, jackets and fleeces. They also have to wear beige socks and trousers with beige-brown shoes. Volunteers also wore photo accreditation badges which were also worn by officials, athletes, family members and media which gain them access to specific venues and buildings around the site. | |||
| ===Ticketing=== | |||
| Organisers estimated that some 8 million tickets would be available for the Olympic Games,<ref name=Justtheticket>{{cite web|title=Just the ticket|url=http://www.london2012.org/en/ourvision/Ticketing.htm|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20070202155136/http://www.london2012.org/en/ourvision/Ticketing.htm|archivedate=2 February 2007|work=London 2012|accessdate=20 July 2012}}</ref> and 1.5 million tickets for the Paralympic Games.<ref name="Justtheticket" /><ref name=DMPara>{{cite news|title=Hot ticket! Paralympic sales outshine expectations with many sessions sold out|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/olympics/article-2042556/London-2012-Olympics-Paralympic-ticket-sales-outshine-expectations.html|work=Daily Mail|accessdate=20 July 2012}}</ref> LOCOG aimed to raise £375–£400 million in ticket sales. There were also free events such as marathon, triathlon and road cycling,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://abcnews.go.com/Travel/wireStory?id=10171244|title=London Opens Ticket Process for 2012 Olympics|publisher=ABC News |accessdate=20 May 2010}}</ref> although, for the first time in Olympic history, the sailing events were ticketed.<ref>{{cite web|author=ISAF|url=http://www.sailing.org/london2012/news/36364.php|title=ISAF: London 2012 Olympic Games Sailing Competition: What Is The Weymouth And Portland International Regatta?|publisher=Sailing.org|date=28 July 2011|accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> Eventually, more than 7,000,000 tickets were sold.<ref name="washingtonpost1">{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/olympics/at-london-olympics-empty-seats-have-organizers-scrambling-giving-away-tickets-to-children-and-soldiers/2012/07/29/gJQA6YVBJX_story.html | work=The Washington Post | first=Karla | last=Adam | title=At London Olympics, empty seats have organizers scrambling, giving away tickets to children and soldiers | date=30 July 2012}}</ref> Following IOC rules, people applied for tickets from the NOC of their country of residence. European Union residents were able to apply for tickets in any EU country.<ref>{{cite news |last=Lynn |first=Guy |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-18161743 |publisher=BBC News |title= Ukrainian Olympic official 'willing to sell tickets to black market' |date=22 May 2012 |accessdate=8 June 2012}}</ref> | |||
| In Great Britain, ticket prices ranged from £20 for many events to £2,012 for the most expensive seats at the opening ceremony. Free tickets were given to military personnel,<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-13758141 |work=BBC News |title=Olympic tickets offered to UK Armed Forces members |date=14 June 2011}}</ref> as well as to survivors and families of those who died during ].<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-13302220 |work=BBC News |title=2012 Olympic tickets for 7/7 bomb attack victims |date=6 May 2011}}</ref> Initially, people were able to apply for tickets via a website from 15 March until 26 April 2011. There was a huge demand for tickets, with a demand of over three times the number of tickets available. The process was widely criticised as more than 50% of the sessions went to a random ballot,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics/london_2012/13209306.stm |work=BBC News |title=Olympic ticket demand passes 20m |date=27 April 2011}}</ref> and over half the people who applied got no tickets.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-14008482 |work=BBC News |title=750,000 Olympics tickets sold in 'second chance' round |date=3 July 2011}}</ref> On 11 May 2012 a round of nearly one million "second chance" tickets went on sale over a 10-day period between 23 June and 3 July 2011.<ref>{{cite news |title=Olympic tickets on sale in 'second chance' phase |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-14066068 |publisher=BBC News |accessdate=17 August 2011 |date=11 July 2011 |archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20110718201248/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-14066068 |archivedate=18 July 2011 |deadurl=no}}</ref> About 1.7 million tickets available for football and 600,000 for other sports (including archery, hockey, football, judo, boxing and volleyball). Although technical difficulties were encountered, ten sports had sold out by 8 am of the first day.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-13918958 |work=BBC News |title=2012 Hopefuls miss out on tickets |date=26 June 2011}}</ref> | |||
| ===Countdown=== | |||
| ]]] | |||
| During the ], the ] was formally handed over from the ] to the ]. This was followed by a section highlighting London,<ref>{{cite web |author=<!--lead container name-->Eight minute wonder |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/london/content/articles/2008/06/17/adrian_eight_minutes_feature.shtml |title=The BBC |publisher=The BBC |date=17 June 2008 |accessdate=20 May 2010}}</ref> One month later, the Olympic and ]s were raised outside the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://legacy.london.gov.uk/view_press_release.jsp?releaseid=18998 |title=1948 Olympians and 2012 hopefuls join Beijing heroes as Olympic and Paralympic flags raised at City Hall |publisher=Legacy.london.gov.uk |date=26 September 2008 |accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> | |||
| A countdown clock in ] was unveiled, 500 days before the Games.<ref>{{Cite news |title=London 2012 countdown clock stops in Trafalgar Square |publisher=BBC News |accessdate=15 March 2011 |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-12749912 |date=15 March 2011 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20110318075539/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-12749912 |archivedate=18 March 2011 <!--DASHBot--> |deadurl=no}}</ref> The clock broke down the following day.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/london-2012-olympics-blog/2011/jul/27/london-2012-year-to-go|location=London |work=The Guardian|first1=Scott|last1=Murray|first2=Katy|last2=Murrells |title=London 2012: The 'One Year To Go' Celebrations – as they happened |date=27 July 2011}}</ref> | |||
| The countdown to the start of the Olympics began with a ceremony for the lighting of the Olympic flame in ].<ref>{{cite news|title=Olympic flame lit for London Games|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/tournaments/london-olympics/Olympic-flame-lit-for-London-Games/articleshow/13079554.cms|accessdate=10 May 2012 | work=The Times Of India}}</ref> | |||
| ===Security=== | |||
| {{main|Security for the 2012 Summer Olympics}} | |||
| The security operation was led by the police, with 10,000 officers available, supported by 13,500 members of the ]. ] and ] assets, including ships situated in the ], ] jets and surface-to-air missiles, were deployed as part of the security operation; the biggest security operation Britain had faced for decades. The cost of security increased from £282 million to £553 million, and the figure of 13,500 armed forces personnel was more than Britain currently had deployed in Afghanistan.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-16195861 |title= London 2012: 13,500 troops to provide Olympic security |date=15 December 2011 |publisher= BBC News}}</ref> The Metropolitan Police and the Royal Marines carried out security exercises in preparation for the Olympics on 19 January 2012, with 50 marine police officers in rigid inflatables and fast response boats, joined by up to 100 military personnel and a Lynx Navy helicopter.<ref>Seida, Jim (19 January 2012). . MSNBC.</ref> | |||
| The ] distributed leaflets to residents of the Lexington building in ], announcing that a missile system was to be stationed on top of the water tower.<ref name=guardian-olympic-missiles>{{cite news | |||
| |url= http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2012/apr/29/london-rooftops-missiles-olympic-games | |||
| |title= London rooftops to carry missiles during Olympic Games |last=Booth |first=Robert | |||
| |newspaper=The Guardian |date=29 April 2012 |location =London |accessdate=29 April 2012}}</ref><ref name=telegraph-olympic-missiles>{{cite news | |||
| |url= http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/news/9234544/London-Olympics-2012-MoD-rooftop-missile-base-plan-alarms-local-residents.html |title=London Olympics 2012: MoD rooftop missile base plan alarms local residents |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |location =London |date=29 April 2012 |accessdate=29 April 2012 |deadurl=yes}} {{Dead link|date=August 2012|bot=RjwilmsiBot}}</ref> This caused concern to some residents.<ref name=guardian-olympic-missiles/><ref name=telegraph-olympic-missiles/> The Ministry said it probably would use ] missiles and that site evaluations had taken place, but that no final decision had taken place.<ref name=guardian-olympic-missiles/><ref name=telegraph-olympic-missiles/> | |||
| It emerged in July 2012 that ], the firm responsible for supplying security staff for the Olympics, had been unable to recruit enough, so the shortfall would have to be made up by 3,500 UK military servicepeople. There were also media reports that G4S had failed to respond to people applying for jobs as security staff, that recruits were inadequately trained, that some were teenagers, and some were not fully conversant in English. | |||
| ===Medals=== | |||
| Approximately 4,700<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.royalmint.com/Corporate/media/London-2012-Olympic-games-victory-medals.aspx |title=London 2012 Olympic Games victory medals to be made by the Royal Mint |publisher=Royalmint.com |accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> ] have been produced by the ] at ].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-11989437 |work=BBC News |title=London 2012 medals deal struck for Royal Mint in Llantrisant |date=14 December 2010}}</ref> They were designed by ] (Olympics) and Lin Cheung (Paralympics).<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-15475942 |work=BBC News |title=London 2012: Olympic medals go into production in Wales |date= 27 October 2011 |accessdate=4 July 2012}}</ref> 99% of the gold, silver and copper was donated by Rio Tinto from a mine in ] in the U.S.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ksl.com/?nid=148&sid=20827055 |title=Kennecott donating $7.3 million in gold, silver, bronze for Olympics |publisher=KSL.com |accessdate=25 July 2012}}</ref> The remaining 1% came from a ]n mine.<ref>http://sg.news.yahoo.com/mongolia-goes-gold-london-medals-192955303--finance.html</ref> Each medal weighs {{convert|375|–|400|g|oz|abbr=on}}, has a diameter of {{convert|85|mm|in|abbr=on}} and is {{convert|7|mm|in|abbr=on}} thick, with the sport and discipline engraved on the rim.<ref name=storage>{{cite news |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-18677289 |work=BBC News |title=London 2012: Olympic medals locked in Tower |date=2 July 2012|accessdate=4 July 2012}}</ref> The obverse, as is traditional, features ], the Greek goddess of victory, stepping from the ] that hosted the first modern Olympic Games in 1896, with Parthenon in the background; the reverse features the Games logo, the ] and a series of lines representing "the energy of athletes and a sense of pulling together".<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-14291544 |work=BBC News |title=London 2012: Olympic medals timeline |date=26 July 2011}}</ref> The medals were transferred to the Tower of London vaults on 2 July 2012 for storage.<ref name=storage /> | |||
| Each gold medal is made up of 92.5 percent silver and 1.34 percent gold, with the remainder copper. The silver medal (which represents second place) is made up of 92.5 percent silver, with the remainder copper. The bronze medal is made up of 97 percent copper, 2.5 percent zinc and 0.5 percent tin.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.forbes.com/sites/anthonydemarco/2012/07/26/a-closer-look-at-the-olympic-gold-medal/|work=Forbes|title=London's Olympic Gold Medal Worth The Most In The History Of The Games|date=26 July 2012|accessdate=30 July 2012|first=Anthony|last=DeMarco}}</ref> The value of the materials in the gold medal is about $644, the silver about $330, and the bronze about $4.71 on the current market.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://olympics.yardbarker.com/blog/olympics/article/how_much_is_a_medal_actually_worth_not_as_much_as_youd_think/11334214|work=Yardbarker.com |title=How much is a medal actually worth? Not as much as you'd think |date=30 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| ===Torch relay=== | |||
| {{main|2012 Summer Olympics torch relay}} | |||
| ] in ]]] | |||
| The Olympics torch relay ran from 19 May to 27 July 2012, before the Games. Plans for the relay were developed in 2010–11, with the torch-bearer selection process announced on 18 May 2011.<ref name="Torch relay">{{cite news|date=17 May 2011 |title=London 2012 torch relay should focus on youth|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/othersports/olympics/8518637/London-2012-Olympics-torch-relay-should-focus-on-youth-says-Locog.html|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|location=London|accessdate=17 May 2011|first=Jacquelin|last=Magnay}}</ref> | |||
| The ] arrived on flight BA2012 on 18 May 2012 from Greece.<ref name="Olympic Torch Dates">{{cite web|date=18 May 2011|title=The Olympic Torch Relay|url=http://www.london2012.com/olympic-torch-relay|publisher=]|accessdate=18 May 2011|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20110608061845/http://www.london2012.com/olympic-torch-relay|archivedate=8 June 2011|deadurl=no}}</ref> The relay lasted 70 days, with 66 evening celebrations and six island visits, and involved about 8,000 people carrying the torch a distance of about 8,000 miles (12,800 km), starting from ] in Cornwall.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-13426353|work=BBC News|title=London 2012 Olympic torch relay route revealed|date=18 May 2011|accessdate=18 May 2011|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20110518081518/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-13426353|archivedate=18 May 2011|deadurl=no}}</ref> The torch had one day outside of the United Kingdom when it visited ] on 6 June.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/breaking/2011/1208/breaking40.html|work=Irish Times|location=Dublin|title=Dublin to host Olympic Torch'|date=8 December 2011}}</ref> The relay was focusing on National Heritage Sites, locations and venues with sporting significance, key sporting events, schools registered with the Get Set School Network, green spaces and biodiversity, Live Sites (city locations with large screens), festivals and other events.<ref>{{cite web|title=London Culture and 2012 Open Meeting|url=http://www.london.gov.uk/sites/default/files/lcsg/docs/openmeetings/20091102/presentation3.pdf|publisher= london.gov.uk|accessdate=19 May 2011}}</ref> | |||
| ===Environmental policy=== | |||
| The ] was planned to incorporate 45 hectares of wildlife habitat, with a total of 525 bird boxes, and 150 bat boxes. Local waterways and riverbanks were enhanced as part of the process.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.london2012.com/news/archive/2009-02/new-biodiversity-plan-sets-out-future-for-olympic-park-wildlife.php |title=New biodiversity plan sets out future for Olympic Park wildlife |work=London 2012 |accessdate=5 March 2009 |date=27 February 2009 |archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20090309051828/http://www.london2012.com/news/archive/2009-02/new-biodiversity-plan-sets-out-future-for-olympic-park-wildlife.php|archivedate=9 March 2009 <!--DASHBot--> |deadurl=no}}</ref> Renewable energy also features at the Olympics. It was originally planned to provide 20% of the energy for the Olympic Park and Village from renewable technologies; however, this may now be as little as 9%.<ref>{{Cite news |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-13034546 |title=London 2012 Olympics 'to miss renewable energy target' |work=BBC News |accessdate=7 June 2011 |date=11 April 2011}}</ref> Proposals to meet the original target included large-scale on-site wind turbines and ] in the River Thames. These plans were scrapped for safety reasons.<ref>{{Cite news |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10234665 |title= Olympic Games site wind turbine scrapped |work=BBC News |accessdate=7 June 2011 |date=4 June 2010 |archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20110519213657/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10234665 |archivedate=19 May 2011 <!--DASHBot-->|deadurl=no}}</ref> The focus has since moved to installing solar panels on some buildings, and providing the opportunity to recover energy from waste. Food packaging at the Olympics is made from compostable materials – like starch and cellulose-based ] – where it cannot be re-used or recycled. This includes fast food wrappers, sandwich boxes and drink cartons. After they have been used, many of these materials would be suitable for ] (AD), allowing them to be made into renewable energy.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.nnfcc.co.uk/news/compostable-bioplastics-set-for-big-win-at-london-olympics |title=Compostable bioplastics set for big win at London Olympics |work=NNFCC |accessdate=31 May 2011 |date=31 May 2011}}</ref> | |||
| Buildings like the ] will be relocated elsewhere. Building Parts like Roofing Covers and membranes of different temporary venues will be recycled via ]. This allows to meet the standards of the ], concerning environmental protection. Through this recycling process, the Olympic Games PVC Policy is fulfilled. It says that | |||
| :Where London 2012 procures PVC for temporary usage or where permanent usage is not assured, London 2012 is required to ensure that there is a take-back scheme that offers a closed loop reuse system or mechanical recycling system for post-consumer waste. | |||
| London 2012 are the first Olympic Games whose guidelines include the recycling of PVC.<ref>{{cite web|title=London 2012 seeks sustainable solutions for temporary venues|url=http://www.london2012.com/news/articles/2009/5/london-2012-seeks-sustainable-solutions-for-temporary-ve-1243087.html|publisher=ODA|accessdate=20 August 2012}}</ref> | |||
| ===Cultural Olympiad=== | |||
| {{Main|2012 Cultural Olympiad}} | |||
| The ], the set of rules and guidelines for the organization of the Olympic Games and for governing the Olympic Movement, states that <blockquote>"LOCOG shall organise a programme of cultural events which must cover at least the entire period during which the ] is open."<ref>{{cite web |title=Olympic Charter |url= http://www.olympic.org/Documents/Olympic%20Charter/Charter_en_2010.pdf |publisher=International Olympic Committee |accessdate=6 May 2011 |page=80 |date=11 February 2010}}</ref></blockquote> | |||
| The Cultural Olympiad comprises many programmes, with over 500 events spread over four years across the whole of the United Kingdom, and culminating in the ].<ref>{{cite web|title= Cultural Olympiad | url=http://www.london2012.com/cultural-olympiad | publisher=London 2012 | accessdate=27 March 2012}}</ref><ref name="boat project">{{cite news |title= Cultural Olympiad 2012 reaches the critical masses |author= Brown, Mark |date=12 March 2012 |url= http://www.guardian.co.uk/culture/2012/mar/12/cultural-olympiad-2012-critical-masses |accessdate=27 March 2012 | location=London | work=The Guardian}}</ref> | |||
| ===Opening ceremony=== | |||
| {{main|2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony|2012 Summer Olympics Parade of Nations}} | |||
| The opening ceremony of the 2012 Summer Olympics was held on 27 July and called "Isles of Wonder".<ref>{{cite web|url= http://blog.oup.com/2012/08/isles-of-wonder-bermuda-avalon-london-2012/ |title=London 2012 Olympics opening ceremony called 'The Isles of Wonder' |date=27 January 2012 |publisher=Olympics Medal Tally}}</ref> Oscar-winning director ] was its artistic director, with the music directors being the electronic music duo Rick Smith and Karl Hyde of ].<ref>{{cite web |title= Underworld announced as Music Directors for the opening ceremony of the 2012 London Olympic Games |url= http://www.underworldlive.com/news/underworld-announced-as-music-directors-for-the-opening-ceremony-of-the-2012-london-olympic-games |date=No date |publisher=Underworld}}</ref> | |||
| The Games were officially opened by ], accompanied by ].<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-19008471 |title=Young athletes light London 2012 Olympic flame |work=BBC News |date=28 July 2012}}</ref> It was the second Games the Queen had opened personally, the first being the ] in ]. All successive Olympics held in Canada or Australia have been opened by their respective ]. | |||
| A short comic film starring ] as secret agent ] and the Queen as herself was screened during the ceremony.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2012/apr/02/london-2012-daniel-craig-olympics-bond |date=2 April 2012 |title=London 2012: Daniel Craig to open Olympics as James Bond |work=The Guardian |location =London |accessdate=2 April 2012 |author=Child, Ben}}</ref> | |||
| Live musical performers included ], ], ] (accompanied by ]), ], ] and ], who performed the song "]" at the end of the ceremony.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2012/jun/06/paul-mccartney-london-olympics-ceremony |date=6 June 2012 |title=Paul McCartney to close London Olympics opening ceremony |accessdate=12 June 2012 |newspaper=The Guardian |location =London |author=Martin, Dan}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first1=Michael |last1=Hirst |first2=Jenny |last2=Minard |first3=Christine |last3=Jeavans |title=London Olympic Games opening ceremony |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/olympics/18906710 |work=BBC Sport |date=27 July 2012 |accessdate=27 July 2012 }}</ref> | |||
| The official ] ratings give the opening ceremony a rating of 24.24 million viewers, the highest audience for any British television broadcast since 1996.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.barb.co.uk/report/weekly-top-programmes-overview |title= Weekly Top 30 Programmes w/e 29 Jul 2012 |work=BARB |date=10 August 2012}}</ref> | |||
| ===Closing ceremony=== | |||
| {{main|2012 Summer Olympics closing ceremony|2012 Summer Olympics closing ceremony flag bearers}} | |||
| The closing ceremony of the London 2012 Summer Olympics was held on 12 August 2012. In addition to protocol, the ceremony featured a flashback fiesta to ] with ] finishing out the performance. The ceremony also included a handover of the ] by ], ], to ], ], the host city of the ].<ref name=Closing>{{cite web|title=Closing Ceremony|url=http://www.london2012.com/spectators/ceremonies/closing-ceremony/|publisher=London 2012|accessdate=20 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| ==The Games== | |||
| ===Participants=== | |||
| <!-- PLEASE READ: If you change any of the athlete numbers below without citing a source or without an explanatory edit summary, your changes will be reverted. Please take care, as the current information is all well-cited to the London 2012 website. --> | |||
| [[File:2012 Summer olympics team numbers.svg|thumb|300px|Team sizes<br /> | |||
| {| | |||
| |{{legend|#540000|300+}} | |||
| |{{legend|#F90000|100+}} | |||
| |{{legend|#F7931D|30+}} | |||
| |{{legend|#FFE600|10+}} | |||
| |{{legend|#00BB05|4+}} | |||
| |{{legend|#0093F7|1+}} | |||
| |}]] | |||
| Around 10,500 athletes from 204 ]s (NOCs) took part,<ref name=athletecount>{{Cite news |title=Olympics – Countries |quote=From the 27th of July 2012 – 204 countries will send more than 10,000 athletes to compete in 300 events |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/olympics/2012/countries |work=BBC Sport |accessdate=19 July 2012}}</ref> surpassing the ] in London and the ] in Manchester as the largest multi-sport event ever to be held in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{Cite news |title=City of Manchester Stadium: The Wembley rescuers |last=Hubbard |first=Alan |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/city-of-manchester-stadium-the-wembley-rescuers-1132001.html |newspaper=The Independent |date=12 December 1999 |accessdate=13 July 2012 |location=London}}</ref> | |||
| Three athletes from the ], which had its membership withdrawn by the IOC Executive Committee at the ], and one athlete from ], which has no recognized NOC, ] under the Olympic flag.<ref name="AHO">{{cite web |title=Curtain comes down on 123rd IOC Session |url=http://www.olympic.org/ioc?articlenewsgroup=-1&articleid=133159 |publisher=IOC |accessdate=11 July 2011}}</ref> | |||
| {{clear}} | |||
| <div class="center" > | |||
| {| class="wikitable collapsible" style="width:100%;" | |||
| |- | |||
| ! Participating ] | |||
| |- | |||
| | | |||
| {{multicol}} | |||
| * {{flagIOC|AFG|2012 Summer|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=afghanistan/index.htmx |title=Afghanistan – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|ALB|2012 Summer|12}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/olympics/2012/athletes?country=albania&sports=&gender=&filter=Filter&isOneToWatch=0&isMedallist=0 |title=BBC Sport – London 2012 – Athletes |publisher=BBC |accessdate=28 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|ALG|2012 Summer|42}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/olympics/2012/athletes?gender=&isOneToWatch=0&country=algeria&sports=&isMedallist=0&indexLetter=&page=1#pagination |title=BBC Sport – London 2012 – Athletes |publisher=BBC |accessdate=28 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|ASA|2012 Summer|5}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=american-samoa/index.htmx |title=American Samoa – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|AND|2012 Summer|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=andorra/index.htmx |title=Andorra – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|ANG|2012 Summer|34}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=angola/index.htmx |title=Angola – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|ANT|2012 Summer|5}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=antigua-and-barbuda/index.htmx |title=Antigua and Barbuda – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|ARG|2012 Summer|137}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=argentina/index.htmx |title=Argentina – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|ARM|2012 Summer|25}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=armenia/index.htmx |title=Armenia – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|ARU|2012 Summer|4}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=aruba/index.htmx |title=Aruba – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|AUS|2012 Summer|410}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=australia/index.htmx |title=Australia – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|AUT|2012 Summer|70}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=austria/index.htmx |title=Austria – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|AZE|2012 Summer|53}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=azerbaijan/index.htmx |title=Azerbaijan – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|BAH|2012 Summer|24}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=bahamas/index.htmx |title=Bahamas – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|BRN|2012 Summer|12}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=bahrain/index.htmx |title=Bahrain – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|BAN|2012 Summer|5}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=bangladesh/index.htmx |title=Bangladesh – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|BAR|2012 Summer|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=barbados/index.htmx |title=Barbados – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|BLR|2012 Summer|165}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=belarus/index.htmx |title=Belarus – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|BEL|2012 Summer|115}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=belgium/index.htmx |title=Belgium – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|BIZ|2012 Summer|3}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=belize/index.htmx |title=Belize – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|BEN|2012 Summer|5}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=benin/index.htmx |title=Benin – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|BER|2012 Summer|8}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=bermuda/index.htmx |title=Bermuda – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|BHU|2012 Summer|2}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=bhutan/index.htmx |title=Buthan – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|BOL|2012 Summer|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=bolivia/index.htmx |title=Bolivia – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|BIH|2012 Summer|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=bosnia-and-herzegovina/index.htmx |title=Bosnia and Herzegovina – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|BOT|2012 Summer|4}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=botswana/index.htmx |title=Botswana – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|BRA|2012 Summer|258}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=brazil/index.htmx |title=Brazil – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|IVB|2012 Summer|2}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=british-virgin-islands/index.htmx |title=Virgin Islands, British – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|BRU|2012 Summer|3}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=brunei/index.htmx |title=Brunei Darussalam – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|BUL|2012 Summer|63}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=bulgaria/index.htmx |title=Bulgaria – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|BUR|2012 Summer|5}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=burkina-faso/index.htmx |title=Burkina Faso – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|BDI|2012 Summer|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=burundi/index.htmx |title= Burundi – 2012 Olympic Athletes |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|CAM|2012 Summer|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=cambodia/index.htmx |title=Cambodia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|CMR|2012 Summer|33}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=cameroon/index.htmx |title=Cameroon – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|CAN|2012 Summer|277}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=canada/index.htmx |title=Canada – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|CPV|2012 Summer|3}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=cape-verde/index.htmx |title=Cape Verde – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|CAY|2012 Summer|5}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=cayman-islands/index.htmx |title=Cayman Islands – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|CAF|2012 Summer|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=central-african-republic/index.htmx |title=Central African Republic – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|CHA|2012 Summer|3}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=chad/index.htmx |title=Chad – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|CHI|2012 Summer|35}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=chile/index.htmx |title=Chile – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|CHN|2012 Summer|396}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=china/index.htmx |title=People's Republic of China – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|COL|2012 Summer|104}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=colombia/index.htmx |title=Colombia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|COM|2012 Summer|3}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=comoros/index.htmx |title=Comoros – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|CGO|2012 Summer|7}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=congo/index.htmx |title=Congo – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|COD|2012 Summer|4}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=dr-congo/index.htmx |title=Democratic Republic of the Congo – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|COK|2012 Summer|8}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=cook-islands/index.htmx |title=Cook Islands – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|CRC|2012 Summer|11}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=costa-rica/index.htmx |title=Costa Rica – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|CIV|2012 Summer|10}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=cote-divoire/index.htmx |title=Ivory Coast – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|CRO|2012 Summer|108}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=croatia/index.htmx |title=Croatia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|CUB|2012 Summer|110}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=cuba/index.htmx |title=Cuba – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|CYP|2012 Summer|13}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=cyprus/index.htmx |title=Cyprus – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|CZE|2012 Summer|133}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=czech-republic/index.htmx |title=Czech Republic – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| {{Col-break}} | |||
| * {{flagIOC|DEN|2012 Summer|113}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=denmark/index.htmx |title=Denmark – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|DJI|2012 Summer|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=djibouti/index.htmx |title=Djibouti – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|DMA|2012 Summer|2}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=dominica/index.htmx |title=Dominica – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|DOM|2012 Summer|35}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=dominican-republic/index.htmx |title=Dominican Republic – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|ECU|2012 Summer|36}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=ecuador/index.htmx |title=Ecuador – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|EGY|2012 Summer|113}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=egypt/index.htmx |title=Egypt – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|ESA|2012 Summer|10}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=el-salvador/index.htmx |title=El Salvador – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|GEQ|2012 Summer|2}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=equatorial-guinea/index.htmx |title=Equatorial Guinea – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|ERI|2012 Summer|12}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=eritrea/index.htmx |title=Eritrea – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|EST|2012 Summer|33}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=estonia/index.htmx |title=Estonia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|ETH|2012 Summer|35}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=ethiopia/index.htmx |title=Ethiopia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|FIJ|2012 Summer|9}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=fiji/index.htmx |title=Fiji – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|FIN|2012 Summer|55}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=finland/index.htmx |title=Finland – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|FRA|2012 Summer|330}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=france/index.htmx |title=France – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|GAB|2012 Summer|24}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=gabon/index.htmx |title=Gabon – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|GAM|2012 Summer|2}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=gambia/index.htmx |title=Gambia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|GEO|2012 Summer|35}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=georgia/index.htmx |title=Georgia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|GER|2012 Summer|392}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=germany/index.htmx |title=Germany – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|GHA|2012 Summer|9}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=ghana/index.htmx |title=Ghana – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|GBR|2012 Summer|541}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=great-britain/index.htmx |title=Great Britain – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> '''(host)''' | |||
| * {{flagIOC|GRE|2012 Summer|104}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=greece/index.htmx |title=Greece – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|GRN|2012 Summer|10}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=grenada/index.htmx |title=Grenada – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|GUM|2012 Summer|8}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=guam/index.htmx |title=Guam – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|GUA|2012 Summer|19}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=guatemala/index.htmx |title=Guatemala – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|GUI|2012 Summer|4}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=guinea/index.htmx |title=Guinea – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|GBS|2012 Summer|4}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=guinea-bissau/index.htmx |title=Guinea-Bissau – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|GUY|2012 Summer|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=guyana/index.htmx |title=Guyana – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|HAI|2012 Summer|5}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=haiti/index.htmx |title=Haiti – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|HON|2012 Summer|27}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=honduras/index.htmx |title=Honduras – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|HKG|2012 Summer|42}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=hong-kong/index.htmx |title=Hong Kong, China – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|HUN|2012 Summer|157}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=hungary/index.htmx |title=Hungary – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|ISL|2012 Summer|27}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=iceland/index.htmx |title=Iceland – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|IOA|2012 Summer|4}}<ref name="IOA">{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=independent-olympic-athletes/index.htmx |title=Independent Olympic Athletes – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.olympic.org/news/ioc-executive-board-meets-ahead-of-london-games/168640|title=IOC Executive Board meets ahead of London Games| publisher=Olympic.org |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|IND|2012 Summer|83}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=india/index.htmx |title=India – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|INA|2012 Summer|22}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=indonesia/index.htmx |title=Indonesia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|IRI|2012 Summer|53}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=iran/index.htmx |title=Islamic Republic of Iran – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|IRQ|2012 Summer|8}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=iraq/index.htmx |title=Iraq – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|IRL|2012 Summer|66}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=ireland/index.htmx |title=Ireland – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|ISR|2012 Summer|37}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=israel/index.htmx |title=Israel – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref><ref>Originally Israel had 38 participating athletes but it reduced after swimmer ] which qualified for the Olympics had to cancel his participation after removal of his appendix two weeks before the Olympics.</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|ITA|2012 Summer|285}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=italy/index.htmx |title=Italy – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|JAM|2012 Summer|50}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=jamaica/index.htmx |title=Jamaica – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|JPN|2012 Summer|293}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=japan/index.htmx |title=Japan – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|JOR|2012 Summer|9}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=jordan/index.htmx |title=Jordan – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|KAZ|2012 Summer|114}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=kazakhstan/index.htmx |title=Kazakhstan – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|KEN|2012 Summer|47}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=kenya/index.htmx |title=Kenya – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|KIR|2012 Summer|3}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=kiribati/index.htmx |title=Kiribati – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|PRK|2012 Summer|51}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=north-korea/index.htmx |title=Democratic People's Republic of Korea – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|KOR|2012 Summer|248}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=south-korea/index.htmx |title=Republic of Korea – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|KUW|2012 Summer|11}}<ref name="KuwaitMercury">{{cite web |url=http://www.mercurynews.com/sports-headlines/ci_21080868/ioc-kuwait-compete-under-own-flag-at-olympics |title=IOC: Kuwait to compete under own flag at Olympics |date= 15 July 2012 |accessdate=23 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|KGZ|2012 Summer|14}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=kyrgyzstan/index.htmx |title=Kyrgyzstan – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|LAO|2012 Summer|3}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=laos/index.htmx |title=Lao People's Democratic Republic – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|LAT|2012 Summer|46}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=latvia/index.htmx |title=Latvia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| {{Col-break}} | |||
| * {{flagIOC|LIB|2012 Summer|10}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=lebanon/index.htmx |title=Lebanon – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|LES|2012 Summer|4}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=lesotho/index.htmx |title=Lesotho – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|LBR|2012 Summer|4}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=liberia/index.htmx |title=Liberia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|LBA|2012 Summer|5}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=libya/index.htmx |title=Libya – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|LIE|2012 Summer|3}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=liechtenstein/index.htmx |title=Liechtenstein – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|LTU|2012 Summer|62}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=lithuania/index.htmx |title=Lithuania – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|LUX|2012 Summer|9}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=luxembourg/index.htmx |title=Luxembourg – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|MKD|2012 Summer|4}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=fmr-rep-of-macedonia/index.htmx |title=Former Rep. of Macedonia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|MAD|2012 Summer|7}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=madagascar/index.htmx |title=Madagascar – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|MAW|2012 Summer|3}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=malawi/index.htmx |title=Malawi – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|MAS|2012 Summer|30}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=malaysia/index.htmx |title=Malaysia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|MDV|2012 Summer|5}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=maldives/index.htmx |title=Maldives – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|MLI|2012 Summer|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=mali/index.htmx |title=Mali – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|MLT|2012 Summer|5}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=malta/index.htmx |title=Malta – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|MHL|2012 Summer|4}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=marshall-islands/index.htmx |title=Marshall Islands – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|MTN|2012 Summer|2}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=mauritania/index.htmx |title=Mauritania – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|MRI|2012 Summer|11}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=mauritius/index.htmx |title=Mauritius – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|MEX|2012 Summer|102}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=mexico/index.htmx |title=Mexico – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|FSM|2012 Summer|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=micronesia/index.htmx |title=Federated States of Micronesia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|MDA|2012 Summer|22}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=moldova/index.htmx |title=Republic of Moldova – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|MON|2012 Summer|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=monaco/index.htmx |title=Monaco – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|MGL|2012 Summer|29}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=mongolia/index.htmx |title=Mongolia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|MNE|2012 Summer|33}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=montenegro/index.htmx |title=Montenegro – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|MAR|2012 Summer|67}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=morocco/index.htmx |title=Morocco – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|MOZ|2012 Summer|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=mozambique/index.htmx |title=Mozambique – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|MYA|2012 Summer|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=myanmar/index.htmx |title=Myanmar – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|NAM|2012 Summer|9}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=namibia/index.htmx |title=Namibia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|NRU|2012 Summer|2}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=nauru/index.htmx |title=Nauru – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|NEP|2012 Summer|5}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=nepal/index.htmx |title=Nepal – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|NED|2012 Summer|188}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=netherlands/index.htmx |title=Netherlands – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|NZL|2012 Summer|184}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=new-zealand/index.htmx |title=New Zealand – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|NCA|2012 Summer|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=nicaragua/index.htmx |title=Nicaragua – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|NIG|2012 Summer|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=niger/index.htmx |title=Niger – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|NGR|2012 Summer|55}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=nigeria/index.htmx |title=Nigeria – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|NOR|2012 Summer|64}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=norway/index.htmx |title=Norway – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|OMA|2012 Summer|4}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=oman/index.htmx |title=Oman – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|PAK|2012 Summer|21}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=pakistan/index.htmx |title=Pakistan – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|PLW|2012 Summer|5}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=palau/index.htmx |title=Palau – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|PLE|2012 Summer|5}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=palestine/index.htmx |title=Palestine – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|PAN|2012 Summer|7}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=panama/index.htmx |title=Panama – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|PNG|2012 Summer|8}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=papua-new-guinea/index.htmx |title=Papua New Guinea – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|PAR|2012 Summer|8}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=paraguay/index.htmx |title=Paraguay – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|PER|2012 Summer|16}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=peru/index.htmx |title=Peru – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|PHI|2012 Summer|11}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=philippines/index.htmx |title=Philippines – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|POL|2012 Summer|218}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=poland/index.htmx |title=Poland – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|POR|2012 Summer|77}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=portugal/index.htmx |title=Portugal – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|PUR|2012 Summer|25}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=puerto-rico/index.htmx |title=Puerto Rico – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|QAT|2012 Summer|12}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=qatar/index.htmx |title=Qatar – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|ROU|2012 Summer|103}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=romania/index.htmx |title=Romania – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|RUS|2012 Summer|436}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=russia/index.htmx |title=Russian Federation – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|RWA|2012 Summer|7}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=rwanda/index.htmx |title=Rwanda – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| {{Col-break}} | |||
| * {{flagIOC|SKN|2012 Summer|7}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=saint-kitts-and-nevis/index.htmx |title=Saint Kitts and Nevis – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|LCA|2012 Summer|4}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=saint-lucia/index.htmx |title=Saint Lucia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|VIN|2012 Summer|3}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=stv-and-grenadines/index.htmx |title=Saint Vincent and the Grenadines – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|SAM|2012 Summer|8}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=samoa/index.htmx |title=Samoa – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|SMR|2012 Summer|4}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=san-marino/index.htmx |title=San Marino – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|STP|2012 Summer|2}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=sao-tome-and-principe/index.htmx |title=Sao Tome and Principe – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|KSA|2012 Summer|19}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=saudi-arabia/index.htmx |title=Saudi Arabia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|SEN|2012 Summer|31}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=senegal/index.htmx |title=Senegal – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|SRB|2012 Summer|115}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=serbia/index.htmx |title=Serbia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|SEY|2012 Summer|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=seychelles/index.htmx |title=Seychelles – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|SLE|2012 Summer|2}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=sierra-leone/index.htmx |title=Sierra Leone – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|SIN|2012 Summer|23}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=singapore/index.htmx |title=Singapore – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|SVK|2012 Summer|47}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=slovakia/index.htmx |title=Slovakia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|SLO|2012 Summer|65}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=slovenia/index.htmx |title=Slovenia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|SOL|2012 Summer|4}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=solomon-islands/index.htmx |title=Solomon Islands – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|SOM|2012 Summer|2}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=somalia/index.htmx |title=Somalia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|RSA|2012 Summer|125}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=south-africa/index.htmx |title=South Africa – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|ESP|2012 Summer|282}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=spain/index.htmx |title=Spain – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|SRI|2012 Summer|7}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=sri-lanka/index.htmx |title=Sri Lanka – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|SUD|2012 Summer|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=sudan/index.htmx |title=Sudan – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|SUR|2012 Summer|5}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=suriname/index.htmx |title=Suriname – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|SWZ|2012 Summer|3}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=swaziland/index.htmx |title=Swaziland – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|SWE|2012 Summer|134}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=sweden/index.htmx |title=Sweden – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|SUI|2012 Summer|102}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=switzerland/index.htmx |title=Switzerland – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|SYR|2012 Summer|10}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=syria/index.htmx |title=Syrian Arab Republic – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|TPE|2012 Summer|44}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=chinese-taipei/index.htmx |title=Chinese Taipei – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|TJK|2012 Summer|16}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=tajikistan/index.htmx |title=Tajikistan – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|TAN|2012 Summer|7}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=tanzania/index.htmx |title=United Republic of Tanzania – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|THA|2012 Summer|37}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=thailand/index.htmx |title=Thailand – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|TLS|2012 Summer|2}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=timor-leste/index.htmx |title=Democratic Republic of Timor Leste – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|TOG|2012 Summer|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=togo/index.htmx |title=Togo – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|TGA|2012 Summer|3}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=tonga/index.htmx |title=Tonga – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|TRI|2012 Summer|30}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=trinidad-and-tobago/index.htmx |title=Trinidad and Tobago – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|TUN|2012 Summer|83}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=tunisia/index.htmx |title=Tunisia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|TUR|2012 Summer|114}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=turkey/index.htmx |title=Turkey – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|TKM|2012 Summer|10}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=turkmenistan/index.htmx |title=Turkmenistan – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|TUV|2012 Summer|3}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=tuvalu/index.htmx |title=Tuvalu – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|UGA|2012 Summer|16}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=uganda/index.htmx |title=Uganda – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|UKR|2012 Summer|237}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=ukraine/index.htmx |title=Ukraine – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|UAE|2012 Summer|26}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=united-arab-emirates/index.htmx |title=United Arab Emirates – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|USA|2012 Summer|530}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=united-states/index.htmx |title=United States of America – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|URU|2012 Summer|29}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=uruguay/index.htmx |title=Uruguay – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|UZB|2012 Summer|54}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=uzbekistan/index.htmx |title=Uzbekistan – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|VAN|2012 Summer|5}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=vanuatu/index.htmx |title=Vanuatu – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|VEN|2012 Summer|70}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=venezuela/index.htmx |title=Venezuela – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|VIE|2012 Summer|18}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=vietnam/index.htmx |title=Vietnam – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|ISV|2012 Summer|7}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=virgin-islands/index.htmx |title=Virgin Islands, US – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|YEM|2012 Summer|4}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=yemen/index.htmx |title=Yemen – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|ZAM|2012 Summer|7}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=zambia/index.htmx |title=Zambia – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| * {{flagIOC|ZIM|2012 Summer|7}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletes/country=zimbabwe/index.htmx |title=Zimbabwe – 2012 Olympic Athletes|publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| {{Col-end}} | |||
| |} | |||
| </div> | |||
| ====Sorted by number of athletes==== | |||
| {| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed sortable" | |||
| |- style="font-size:larger" | |||
| !class="unsortable"| !!Country !! Athletes | |||
| |- | |||
| | GBR || {{flagIOC|GBR|2012 Summer}} || 541 | |||
| |- | |||
| | USA || {{flagIOC|USA|2012 Summer}} || 530 | |||
| |- | |||
| | RUS || {{flagIOC|RUS|2012 Summer}} || 436 | |||
| |- | |||
| | AUS || {{flagIOC|AUS|2012 Summer}} || 410 | |||
| |- | |||
| | CHN || {{flagIOC|CHN|2012 Summer}} || 396 | |||
| |- | |||
| | GER || {{flagIOC|GER|2012 Summer}} || 392 | |||
| |- | |||
| | FRA || {{flagIOC|FRA|2012 Summer}} || 330 | |||
| |- | |||
| | JPN || {{flagIOC|JPN|2012 Summer}} || 293 | |||
| |- | |||
| | ITA || {{flagIOC|ITA|2012 Summer}} || 284 | |||
| |- | |||
| | ESP || {{flagIOC|ESP|2012 Summer}} || 282 | |||
| |- | |||
| | CAN || {{flagIOC|CAN|2012 Summer}} || 277 | |||
| |- | |||
| | BRA || {{flagIOC|BRA|2012 Summer}} || 258 | |||
| |- | |||
| | KOR || {{flagIOC|KOR|2012 Summer}} || 245 | |||
| |- | |||
| | UKR || {{flagIOC|UKR|2012 Summer}} || 237 | |||
| |- | |||
| | POL || {{flagIOC|POL|2012 Summer}} || 218 | |||
| |- | |||
| | NZL || {{flagIOC|NZL|2012 Summer}} || 184 | |||
| |- | |||
| | NED || {{flagIOC|NED|2012 Summer}} || 178 | |||
| |- | |||
| | BLR || {{flagIOC|BLR|2012 Summer}} || 165 | |||
| |- | |||
| | HUN || {{flagIOC|HUN|2012 Summer}} || 157 | |||
| |- | |||
| | ARG || {{flagIOC|ARG|2012 Summer}} || 137 | |||
| |- | |||
| | SWE || {{flagIOC|SWE|2012 Summer}} || 134 | |||
| |- | |||
| | CZE || {{flagIOC|CZE|2012 Summer}} || 133 | |||
| |- | |||
| | RSA || {{flagIOC|RSA|2012 Summer}} || 125 | |||
| |- | |||
| | BEL || {{flagIOC|BEL|2012 Summer}} || 115 | |||
| |- | |||
| | SRB || {{flagIOC|SRB|2012 Summer}} || 115 | |||
| |- | |||
| | KAZ || {{flagIOC|KAZ|2012 Summer}} || 114 | |||
| |- | |||
| | TUR || {{flagIOC|TUR|2012 Summer}} || 114 | |||
| |- | |||
| | DEN || {{flagIOC|DEN|2012 Summer}} || 113 | |||
| |- | |||
| | EGY || {{flagIOC|EGY|2012 Summer}} || 113 | |||
| |- | |||
| | CUB || {{flagIOC|CUB|2012 Summer}} || 110 | |||
| |- | |||
| | CRO || {{flagIOC|CRO|2012 Summer}} || 108 | |||
| |- | |||
| | COL || {{flagIOC|COL|2012 Summer}} || 104 | |||
| |- | |||
| | GRE || {{flagIOC|GRE|2012 Summer}} || 104 | |||
| |- | |||
| | ROU || {{flagIOC|ROU|2012 Summer}} || 103 | |||
| |- | |||
| | MEX || {{flagIOC|MEX|2012 Summer}} || 102 | |||
| |- | |||
| | SUI || {{flagIOC|SUI|2012 Summer}} || 102 | |||
| |- | |||
| | IND || {{flagIOC|IND|2012 Summer}} || 83 | |||
| |- | |||
| | TUN || {{flagIOC|TUN|2012 Summer}} || 83 | |||
| |- | |||
| | POR || {{flagIOC|POR|2012 Summer}} || 77 | |||
| |- | |||
| | AUT || {{flagIOC|AUT|2012 Summer}} || 70 | |||
| |- | |||
| | VEN || {{flagIOC|VEN|2012 Summer}} || 70 | |||
| |- | |||
| | MAR || {{flagIOC|MAR|2012 Summer}} || 67 | |||
| |- | |||
| | IRL || {{flagIOC|IRL|2012 Summer}} || 66 | |||
| |- | |||
| | SLO || {{flagIOC|SLO|2012 Summer}} || 65 | |||
| |- | |||
| | NOR || {{flagIOC|NOR|2012 Summer}} || 64 | |||
| |- | |||
| | BUL || {{flagIOC|BUL|2012 Summer}} || 63 | |||
| |- | |||
| | LTU || {{flagIOC|LTU|2012 Summer}} || 62 | |||
| |- | |||
| | FIN || {{flagIOC|FIN|2012 Summer}} || 55 | |||
| |- | |||
| | NGR || {{flagIOC|NGR|2012 Summer}} || 55 | |||
| |- | |||
| | UZB || {{flagIOC|UZB|2012 Summer}} || 54 | |||
| |- | |||
| | AZE || {{flagIOC|AZE|2012 Summer}} || 53 | |||
| |- | |||
| | IRI || {{flagIOC|IRI|2012 Summer}} || 53 | |||
| |- | |||
| | PRK || {{flagIOC|PRK|2012 Summer}} || 51 | |||
| |- | |||
| | JAM || {{flagIOC|JAM|2012 Summer}} || 50 | |||
| |- | |||
| | KEN || {{flagIOC|KEN|2012 Summer}} || 47 | |||
| |- | |||
| | SVK || {{flagIOC|SVK|2012 Summer}} || 47 | |||
| |- | |||
| | LAT || {{flagIOC|LAT|2012 Summer}} || 46 | |||
| |- | |||
| | TPE || {{flagIOC|TPE|2012 Summer}} || 44 | |||
| |- | |||
| | ALG || {{flagIOC|ALG|2012 Summer}} || 42 | |||
| |- | |||
| | HKG || {{flagIOC|HKG|2012 Summer}} || 42 | |||
| |- | |||
| | ISR || {{flagIOC|ISR|2012 Summer}} || 37 | |||
| |- | |||
| | THA || {{flagIOC|THA|2012 Summer}} || 37 | |||
| |- | |||
| | ECU || {{flagIOC|ECU|2012 Summer}} || 36 | |||
| |- | |||
| | CHI || {{flagIOC|CHI|2012 Summer}} || 35 | |||
| |- | |||
| | DOM || {{flagIOC|DOM|2012 Summer}} || 35 | |||
| |- | |||
| | ETH || {{flagIOC|ETH|2012 Summer}} || 35 | |||
| |- | |||
| | GEO || {{flagIOC|GEO|2012 Summer}} || 35 | |||
| |- | |||
| | ANG || {{flagIOC|ANG|2012 Summer}} || 34 | |||
| |- | |||
| | CMR || {{flagIOC|CMR|2012 Summer}} || 33 | |||
| |- | |||
| | EST || {{flagIOC|EST|2012 Summer}} || 33 | |||
| |- | |||
| | MNE || {{flagIOC|MNE|2012 Summer}} || 33 | |||
| |- | |||
| | SEN || {{flagIOC|SEN|2012 Summer}} || 31 | |||
| |- | |||
| | MAS || {{flagIOC|MAS|2012 Summer}} || 30 | |||
| |- | |||
| | TRI || {{flagIOC|TRI|2012 Summer}} || 30 | |||
| |- | |||
| | MGL || {{flagIOC|MGL|2012 Summer}} || 29 | |||
| |- | |||
| | URU || {{flagIOC|URU|2012 Summer}} || 29 | |||
| |- | |||
| | HON || {{flagIOC|HON|2012 Summer}} || 27 | |||
| |- | |||
| | ISL || {{flagIOC|ISL|2012 Summer}} || 27 | |||
| |- | |||
| | UAE || {{flagIOC|UAE|2012 Summer}} || 26 | |||
| |- | |||
| | ARM || {{flagIOC|ARM|2012 Summer}} || 25 | |||
| |- | |||
| | PUR || {{flagIOC|PUR|2012 Summer}} || 25 | |||
| |- | |||
| | BAH || {{flagIOC|BAH|2012 Summer}} || 24 | |||
| |- | |||
| | GAB || {{flagIOC|GAB|2012 Summer}} || 24 | |||
| |- | |||
| | SIN || {{flagIOC|SIN|2012 Summer}} || 23 | |||
| |- | |||
| | INA || {{flagIOC|INA|2012 Summer}} || 22 | |||
| |- | |||
| | MDA || {{flagIOC|MDA|2012 Summer}} || 22 | |||
| |- | |||
| | PAK || {{flagIOC|PAK|2012 Summer}} || 21 | |||
| |- | |||
| | GUA || {{flagIOC|GUA|2012 Summer}} || 19 | |||
| |- | |||
| | KSA || {{flagIOC|KSA|2012 Summer}} || 19 | |||
| |- | |||
| | VIE || {{flagIOC|VIE|2012 Summer}} || 18 | |||
| |- | |||
| | PER || {{flagIOC|PER|2012 Summer}} || 16 | |||
| |- | |||
| | TJK || {{flagIOC|TJK|2012 Summer}} || 16 | |||
| |- | |||
| | UGA || {{flagIOC|UGA|2012 Summer}} || 16 | |||
| |- | |||
| | KGZ || {{flagIOC|KGZ|2012 Summer}} || 14 | |||
| |- | |||
| | CYP || {{flagIOC|CYP|2012 Summer}} || 13 | |||
| |- | |||
| | ALB || {{flagIOC|ALB|2012 Summer}} || 12 | |||
| |- | |||
| | BRN || {{flagIOC|BRN|2012 Summer}} || 12 | |||
| |- | |||
| | ERI || {{flagIOC|ERI|2012 Summer}} || 12 | |||
| |- | |||
| | QAT || {{flagIOC|QAT|2012 Summer}} || 12 | |||
| |- | |||
| | CRC || {{flagIOC|CRC|2012 Summer}} || 11 | |||
| |- | |||
| | KUW || {{flagIOC|KUW|2012 Summer}} || 11 | |||
| |- | |||
| | MRI || {{flagIOC|MRI|2012 Summer}} || 11 | |||
| |- | |||
| | PHI || {{flagIOC|PHI|2012 Summer}} || 11 | |||
| |- | |||
| | CIV || {{flagIOC|CIV|2012 Summer}} || 10 | |||
| |- | |||
| | ESA || {{flagIOC|ESA|2012 Summer}} || 10 | |||
| |- | |||
| | GRN || {{flagIOC|GRN|2012 Summer}} || 10 | |||
| |- | |||
| | LIB || {{flagIOC|LIB|2012 Summer}} || 10 | |||
| |- | |||
| | SYR || {{flagIOC|SYR|2012 Summer}} || 10 | |||
| |- | |||
| | TKM || {{flagIOC|TKM|2012 Summer}} || 10 | |||
| |- | |||
| | FIJ || {{flagIOC|FIJ|2012 Summer}} || 9 | |||
| |- | |||
| | GHA || {{flagIOC|GHA|2012 Summer}} || 9 | |||
| |- | |||
| | JOR || {{flagIOC|JOR|2012 Summer}} || 9 | |||
| |- | |||
| | LUX || {{flagIOC|LUX|2012 Summer}} || 9 | |||
| |- | |||
| | NAM || {{flagIOC|NAM|2012 Summer}} || 9 | |||
| |- | |||
| | BER || {{flagIOC|BER|2012 Summer}} || 8 | |||
| |- | |||
| | COK || {{flagIOC|COK|2012 Summer}} || 8 | |||
| |- | |||
| | GUM || {{flagIOC|GUM|2012 Summer}} || 8 | |||
| |- | |||
| | IRQ || {{flagIOC|IRQ|2012 Summer}} || 8 | |||
| |- | |||
| | PAR || {{flagIOC|PAR|2012 Summer}} || 8 | |||
| |- | |||
| | PNG || {{flagIOC|PNG|2012 Summer}} || 8 | |||
| |- | |||
| | SAM || {{flagIOC|SAM|2012 Summer}} || 8 | |||
| |- | |||
| | CGO || {{flagIOC|CGO|2012 Summer}} || 7 | |||
| |- | |||
| | ISV || {{flagIOC|ISV|2012 Summer}} || 7 | |||
| |- | |||
| | MAD || {{flagIOC|MAD|2012 Summer}} || 7 | |||
| |- | |||
| | PAN || {{flagIOC|PAN|2012 Summer}} || 7 | |||
| |- | |||
| | RWA || {{flagIOC|RWA|2012 Summer}} || 7 | |||
| |- | |||
| | SKN || {{flagIOC|SKN|2012 Summer}} || 7 | |||
| |- | |||
| | SRI || {{flagIOC|SRI|2012 Summer}} || 7 | |||
| |- | |||
| | TAN || {{flagIOC|TAN|2012 Summer}} || 7 | |||
| |- | |||
| | ZAM || {{flagIOC|ZAM|2012 Summer}} || 7 | |||
| |- | |||
| | ZIM || {{flagIOC|ZIM|2012 Summer}} || 7 | |||
| |- | |||
| | AFG || {{flagIOC|AFG|2012 Summer}} || 6 | |||
| |- | |||
| | AND || {{flagIOC|AND|2012 Summer}} || 6 | |||
| |- | |||
| | BAR || {{flagIOC|BAR|2012 Summer}} || 6 | |||
| |- | |||
| | BDI || {{flagIOC|BDI|2012 Summer}} || 6 | |||
| |- | |||
| | BIH || {{flagIOC|BIH|2012 Summer}} || 6 | |||
| |- | |||
| | BOL || {{flagIOC|BOL|2012 Summer}} || 6 | |||
| |- | |||
| | CAF || {{flagIOC|CAF|2012 Summer}} || 6 | |||
| |- | |||
| | CAM || {{flagIOC|CAM|2012 Summer}} || 6 | |||
| |- | |||
| | DJI || {{flagIOC|DJI|2012 Summer}} || 6 | |||
| |- | |||
| | FSM || {{flagIOC|FSM|2012 Summer}} || 6 | |||
| |- | |||
| | GUY || {{flagIOC|GUY|2012 Summer}} || 6 | |||
| |- | |||
| | MLI || {{flagIOC|MLI|2012 Summer}} || 6 | |||
| |- | |||
| | MON || {{flagIOC|MON|2012 Summer}} || 6 | |||
| |- | |||
| | MOZ || {{flagIOC|MOZ|2012 Summer}} || 6 | |||
| |- | |||
| | MYA || {{flagIOC|MYA|2012 Summer}} || 6 | |||
| |- | |||
| | NCA || {{flagIOC|NCA|2012 Summer}} || 6 | |||
| |- | |||
| | NIG || {{flagIOC|NIG|2012 Summer}} || 6 | |||
| |- | |||
| | SEY || {{flagIOC|SEY|2012 Summer}} || 6 | |||
| |- | |||
| | SUD || {{flagIOC|SUD|2012 Summer}} || 6 | |||
| |- | |||
| | TOG || {{flagIOC|TOG|2012 Summer}} || 6 | |||
| |- | |||
| | ANT || {{flagIOC|ANT|2012 Summer}} || 5 | |||
| |- | |||
| | ASA || {{flagIOC|ASA|2012 Summer}} || 5 | |||
| |- | |||
| | BAN || {{flagIOC|BAN|2012 Summer}} || 5 | |||
| |- | |||
| | BEN || {{flagIOC|BEN|2012 Summer}} || 5 | |||
| |- | |||
| | BUR || {{flagIOC|BUR|2012 Summer}} || 5 | |||
| |- | |||
| | CAY || {{flagIOC|CAY|2012 Summer}} || 5 | |||
| |- | |||
| | HAI || {{flagIOC|HAI|2012 Summer}} || 5 | |||
| |- | |||
| | LBA || {{flagIOC|LBA|2012 Summer}} || 5 | |||
| |- | |||
| | MDV || {{flagIOC|MDV|2012 Summer}} || 5 | |||
| |- | |||
| | MLT || {{flagIOC|MLT|2012 Summer}} || 5 | |||
| |- | |||
| | NEP || {{flagIOC|NEP|2012 Summer}} || 5 | |||
| |- | |||
| | PLE || {{flagIOC|PLE|2012 Summer}} || 5 | |||
| |- | |||
| | PLW || {{flagIOC|PLW|2012 Summer}} || 5 | |||
| |- | |||
| | SUR || {{flagIOC|SUR|2012 Summer}} || 5 | |||
| |- | |||
| | VAN || {{flagIOC|VAN|2012 Summer}} || 5 | |||
| |- | |||
| | ARU || {{flagIOC|ARU|2012 Summer}} || 4 | |||
| |- | |||
| | BOT || {{flagIOC|BOT|2012 Summer}} || 4 | |||
| |- | |||
| | COD || {{flagIOC|COD|2012 Summer}} || 4 | |||
| |- | |||
| | GBS || {{flagIOC|GBS|2012 Summer}} || 4 | |||
| |- | |||
| | GUI || {{flagIOC|GUI|2012 Summer}} || 4 | |||
| |- | |||
| | IOA || {{flagIOC|IOA|2012 Summer}} || 4 | |||
| |- | |||
| | LBR || {{flagIOC|LBR|2012 Summer}} || 4 | |||
| |- | |||
| | LCA || {{flagIOC|LCA|2012 Summer}} || 4 | |||
| |- | |||
| | LES || {{flagIOC|LES|2012 Summer}} || 4 | |||
| |- | |||
| | MHL || {{flagIOC|MHL|2012 Summer}} || 4 | |||
| |- | |||
| | MKD || {{flagIOC|MKD|2012 Summer}} || 4 | |||
| |- | |||
| | OMA || {{flagIOC|OMA|2012 Summer}} || 4 | |||
| |- | |||
| | SMR || {{flagIOC|SMR|2012 Summer}} || 4 | |||
| |- | |||
| | SOL || {{flagIOC|SOL|2012 Summer}} || 4 | |||
| |- | |||
| | YEM || {{flagIOC|YEM|2012 Summer}} || 4 | |||
| |- | |||
| | BIZ || {{flagIOC|BIZ|2012 Summer}} || 3 | |||
| |- | |||
| | BRU || {{flagIOC|BRU|2012 Summer}} || 3 | |||
| |- | |||
| | CHA || {{flagIOC|CHA|2012 Summer}} || 3 | |||
| |- | |||
| | COM || {{flagIOC|COM|2012 Summer}} || 3 | |||
| |- | |||
| | CPV || {{flagIOC|CPV|2012 Summer}} || 3 | |||
| |- | |||
| | KIR || {{flagIOC|KIR|2012 Summer}} || 3 | |||
| |- | |||
| | LAO || {{flagIOC|LAO|2012 Summer}} || 3 | |||
| |- | |||
| | LIE || {{flagIOC|LIE|2012 Summer}} || 3 | |||
| |- | |||
| | MAW || {{flagIOC|MAW|2012 Summer}} || 3 | |||
| |- | |||
| | SWZ || {{flagIOC|SWZ|2012 Summer}} || 3 | |||
| |- | |||
| | TGA || {{flagIOC|TGA|2012 Summer}} || 3 | |||
| |- | |||
| | TUV || {{flagIOC|TUV|2012 Summer}} || 3 | |||
| |- | |||
| | VIN || {{flagIOC|VIN|2012 Summer}} || 3 | |||
| |- | |||
| | BHU || {{flagIOC|BHU|2012 Summer}} || 2 | |||
| |- | |||
| | DMA || {{flagIOC|DMA|2012 Summer}} || 2 | |||
| |- | |||
| | GAM || {{flagIOC|GAM|2012 Summer}} || 2 | |||
| |- | |||
| | GEQ || {{flagIOC|GEQ|2012 Summer}} || 2 | |||
| |- | |||
| | IVB || {{flagIOC|IVB|2012 Summer}} || 2 | |||
| |- | |||
| | MTN || {{flagIOC|MTN|2012 Summer}} || 2 | |||
| |- | |||
| | NRU || {{flagIOC|NRU|2012 Summer}} || 2 | |||
| |- | |||
| | SLE || {{flagIOC|SLE|2012 Summer}} || 2 | |||
| |- | |||
| | SOM || {{flagIOC|SOM|2012 Summer}} || 2 | |||
| |- | |||
| | STP || {{flagIOC|STP|2012 Summer}} || 2 | |||
| |- | |||
| | TLS || {{flagIOC|TLS|2012 Summer}} || 2 | |||
| |} | |||
| ===Sports=== | |||
| The 2012 Summer Olympic programme featured 26 sports and a total of 39 disciplines: | |||
| <small>The number of events in each sport is noted in parens</small> | |||
| {{Col-begin}} | |||
| {{Col-1-of-4}} | |||
| * Aquatics | |||
| ** {{OlympicEvent|Diving|2012 Summer|number=8}} | |||
| ** {{OlympicEvent|Swimming|2012 Summer|number=34}} | |||
| ** {{OlympicEvent|Synchronized swimming|2012 Summer|number=2}} | |||
| ** {{OlympicEvent|Water polo|2012 Summer|number=2}} | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Archery|2012 Summer|number=4}} | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Athletics|2012 Summer|number=47}} | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Badminton|2012 Summer|number=5}} | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Basketball|2012 Summer|number=2}} | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Boxing|2012 Summer|number=13}} | |||
| {{Col-2-of-4}} | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Canoeing|2012 Summer}} | |||
| ** Sprint (12) | |||
| ** Slalom (4) | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Cycling|2012 Summer}} | |||
| ** BMX (2) | |||
| ** Mountain biking (2) | |||
| ** Road (4) | |||
| ** Track (10) | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Equestrian|2012 Summer}} | |||
| ** Dressage (2) | |||
| ** Eventing (2) | |||
| ** Jumping (2) | |||
| {{Col-2-of-4}} | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Fencing|2012 Summer|number=10}} | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Field hockey|2012 Summer|number=2}} | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Football|2012 Summer|number=2}} | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Gymnastics|2012 Summer}} | |||
| ** Artistic (14) | |||
| ** Rhythmic (2) | |||
| ** Trampoline (2) | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Handball|2012 Summer|number=2}} | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Judo|2012 Summer|number=14}} | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Modern pentathlon|2012 Summer|number=2}} | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Rowing|2012 Summer|number=14}} | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Sailing|2012 Summer|number=10}} | |||
| {{Col-3-of-4}} | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Shooting|2012 Summer|number=15}} | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Table tennis|2012 Summer|number=4}} | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Taekwondo|2012 Summer|number=8}} | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Tennis|2012 Summer|number=5}} | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Triathlon|2012 Summer|number=2}} | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Volleyball|2012 Summer}} | |||
| ** Volleyball (2) | |||
| ** Beach volleyball (2) | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Weightlifting|2012 Summer|number=15}} | |||
| * {{OlympicEvent|Wrestling|2012 Summer}} | |||
| ** Freestyle (11) | |||
| ** Greco-Roman (7) | |||
| {{col-end}} | |||
| For the first time, women's boxing was included in the programme, with 36 athletes competing in three different weight classes. There was a ] to allow the various shooting events to go ahead, which would otherwise be illegal under ].<ref>{{cite news|last=Fraser|first=Andrew|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/olympics_2012/4162498.stm|title=Shooters seek handgun law change|date=19 August 2005|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=30 July 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Associated Press|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/wire?section=oly&id=3478179|title=British government relaxes gun laws on sport ahead of 2012 Olympics|date=8 July 2008|publisher=]|accessdate=30 July 2012}}</ref> In Tennis, mixed doubles returns to the Olympic programme for the first time since 1924.<ref> NBCOlympics</ref> | |||
| London's bid featured 28 sports, in line with other recent Summer Olympics, but the IOC voted to drop ] and ] from the 2012 Games two days after it selected London as the host city. The IOC reinforced its decision to drop both sports during the ], after they lost votes for reconsideration, and were last scheduled for Games at the ].<ref name=SportsDropped>{{Cite news |url= http://www.usatoday.com/sports/olympics/2005-07-08-baseball-softball-dropped_x.htm |title=Baseball, softball bumped from Olympics |first=Vicki |last=Michaelis |accessdate=17 August 2008 |date=8 July 2005 |work=USA Today }}</ref> Following the decision to drop the two sports, the IOC held a vote on whether or not to replace them. The sports considered were ], ], ], ] and ]. Karate and squash were the two final nominees, but neither received enough votes to reach the required two-thirds majority.<ref name=SportsDropped/> | |||
| Although formal ]s were eliminated following the 1992 Summer Olympics,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.olympic.org/uk/games/past/innovations_uk.asp?OLGT=1&OLGY=1996 |title=International Olympic Committee – Olympic Games |publisher=Olympic.org |accessdate=12 October 2008 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20080912061938/http://www.olympic.org/uk/games/past/innovations_uk.asp?OLGT=1&OLGY=1996 |archivedate=12 September 2008 <!--DASHBot--> |deadurl=no}}</ref> special tournaments for non-Olympic sports can be run during the Games, such as the ] at the 2008 Summer Olympics.<ref name="islondon">{{cite web |url=http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/world-news/london-legislator-heads-for-beijing-wants-cricket-in-2012-olympics_10080420.html |title=London legislator heads for Beijing, wants cricket in 2012 Olympics |publisher=Thaindian News |author=Dipankar De Sarkar |accessdate=20 August 2008 |date=6 August 2008 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20080815225429/http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/world-news/london-legislator-heads-for-beijing-wants-cricket-in-2012-olympics_10080420.html |archivedate=15 August 2008 <!--DASHBot--> |deadurl=no}}</ref> There were attempts to run ],<ref name="islondon"/> and ]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.express.co.uk/posts/view/35597/Gordon-Brown-backs-Olympic-netball |title=Gordon Brown backs Olympic netball |work=Daily Express|location=UK |accessdate=10 September 2008 |date=20 February 2008 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20080928201036/http://www.express.co.uk/posts/view/35597/Gordon-Brown-backs-Olympic-netball |archivedate=28 September 2008 <!--DASHBot--> |deadurl=no}}</ref> tournaments parallel with the 2012 Games, but neither campaign was successful. | |||
| ===Calendar=== | |||
| {{see also|Chronological summary of the 2012 Summer Olympics}} | |||
| The final official schedule was released on 15 February 2011.<ref>{{cite news |title=London 2012 Olympic Games schedule released |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympic_games/london_2012/9397378.stm |accessdate=25 May 2011 |date=15 February 2011 |work=BBC News |archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20110527023300/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympic_games/london_2012/9397378.stm |archivedate=27 May 2011 <!--DASHBot--> |deadurl=no}}</ref> | |||
| {{2012 Summer Olympics calendar}} | |||
| ===World records=== | |||
| The Olympic Games featured 32 world records in 8 sports as listed below. The largest number of records were set in swimming (8). Most of the records were set by China (5), Great Britain (5) and United States (5). | |||
| <!--Table format used to avoid list format--> | |||
| {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;" | |||
| |- | |||
| ! Date !! Event !! Athlete !! Nation !! class="unsortable"|Record description !! class="unsortable"|Ref | |||
| |- | |||
| | 27 July 2012 || ] || ] || {{flagIOC|KOR}} || Scored a world record of '''699''' in the ranking round || <ref name="olympicsmedaltally1">{{cite web |url= http://olympicsmedaltally.com/im-dong-hyun-posts-first-world-record-of-london-2012-olympics.html |title=Im Dong Hyun posts first world record of London 2012 Olympics |work=Olympics Metal Tally |accessdate=27 July 2012 |date=27 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| |- | |||
| | 27 July 2012 || ] || ]<br />]<br />] || {{flagIOC|KOR}} || Scored a world record of '''2087''' in the ranking round || <ref name="olympicsmedaltally1"/> | |||
| |- | |||
| | 28 July 2012 || ] || ]<br />] || {{flagIOC|NZL}} || Set a world record time of '''6:08.50''' in the heats || <ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/new-zealand-pair-hamish-bond-eric-murray-set-world-best-time-at-olympic-rowing-regatta/2012/07/28/gJQAMqGnFX_story.html |title=New Zealand pair Hamish Bond, Eric Murray set world best time at Olympic rowing regatta |work= The Washington Post |accessdate=28 July 2012 |agency=Associated Press |date=28 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| |- | |||
| | 28 July 2012 || ] || ] || {{flagIOC|CHN}} || Set a world record time of '''4:28.43''' in the final || <ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.newsday.com/sports/ye-shiwen-of-china-sets-world-record-to-win-olympic-gold-in-women-s-400-im-1.3866999 |title=Ye Shiwen of China sets world record to win Olympic gold in women's 400 IM |work=Newsday |location =New York |accessdate=28 July 2012 |date=28 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| |- | |||
| | 29 July 2012 || ] || ] || {{flagIOC|KAZ}} || Set a world record at clean and jerk of '''131 kg''' || <ref>{{cite news |title=Women's 53kg Results |url= http://www.london2012.com/weightlifting/event/women-53kg/index.html?v=20120729-152516477 |publisher= London 2012 |date=29 July 2012 |accessdate=29 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| |- | |||
| | 29 July 2012 || ] || ] || {{flagIOC|USA}} || Set a world record time of '''55.98''' || <ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.newsday.com/sports/olympics/dana-vollmer-sets-world-record-in-100-fly-1.3868509 |title= Dana Vollmer sets world record in 100 fly |work=Newsday |location =New York |accessdate=29 July 2012 |date=29 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| |- | |||
| | 29 July 2012 || ] || ] || {{flagIOC|RSA}} || Set a world record time of '''58.46''' ||<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.sabc.co.za/news/a/10d41a804c296bda9dcdbd6995218ba3/Sascoc-hails-van-der-Burgh-on-Olympic-win-20123007 |title=Sascoc hails van der Burgh on Olympic win |work=SABC |date=30 July 2012 |location =Johannesburg |accessdate=30 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| |- | |||
| | 30 July 2012 || ] || ] || {{flagIOC|PRK}} || Set a world record at total of '''327 kg''' || <ref>{{cite news |title=Records tumble as Kim takes gold |url= http://www.london2012.com/news/articles/records-tumble-kim-takes-gold.html |publisher=London 2012 |date=30 July 2012 |accessdate=30 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| |- | |||
| | 1 August 2012 || ] || ] || {{flagIOC|HUN}} || Set a world record time of '''2:07.28''' || <ref name="day5">{{cite news |title=Day 5 Review: Adrian, Gyurta celebrate gold success |url= http://www.london2012.com/news/articles/day-review-adrian-gyurta-celebrate-gold-success.html |publisher=London 2012 |date=1 August 2012 |accessdate=2 August 2012}}</ref> | |||
| |- | |||
| | 1 August 2012 || ] || ] || {{flagIOC|CHN}} || Set world record at snatch of '''175 kg'''<br />Set world record at total of '''379 kg''' || <ref>{{cite news |title=Lu lifts into record books |url= http://www.london2012.com/news/articles/lifts-into-record-books.html |publisher=London 2012 |date=1 August 2012 |accessdate=2 August 2012}}</ref> | |||
| |- | |||
| | 1 August 2012<br /> 2 August 2012 || ] || ] || {{flagIOC|USA}} || Set a world record time of '''2:20.00''' in the semi-final.<br />Set a world record time of '''2:19.59''' in the final. || <ref name="day5" /><br /><ref>{{cite news |title=Soni smashes world record to claim gold |url=http://www.london2012.com/news/articles/soni-smashes-world-record-for-gold.html |publisher=London 2012 |date=2 August 2012 |accessdate=2 August 2012}}</ref> | |||
| |- | |||
| | 2 August 2012 || ] || ]<br />] || {{flagIOC|GBR}} || Set a world record time of '''32.526''' in the qualification. || | |||
| |- | |||
| | 2 August 2012 || ] || ]<br />] || {{flagIOC|CHN}} || Set a world record time of '''32.447''' in the qualification.<br />Set a world record time of '''32.422''' in the first round. || <ref>{{cite news |title=Olympics-Cycling-China set world record, Britain out |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/08/02/oly-cycl-ctwspr-record-day-idUSL6E8J2MQS20120802 |work=Reuters |date=2 August 2012 |accessdate=2 August 2012 |first=Julien |last=Pretot}}</ref> | |||
| |- | |||
| | 2 August 2012 || ] || ]<br />]<br />]<br />] || {{flagIOC|GBR}} || Set a world record time of '''3:52.499''' in the qualification.<br />Set a world record time of '''3:51.659''' in the final.|| <ref>{{cite news |title=Coach backs GB quartet to go faster |url=http://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/news/coach-backs-gb-quartet-go-faster-225010484.html |work=Yahoo! Eurosport |date=2 August 2012 |accessdate=2 August 2012}}</ref> | |||
| |- | |||
| | 2 August 2012 || ] || ]<br />]<br />] || {{flagIOC|GBR}} || Set a world record time of '''42.747''' in the first round.<br />Set a world record time of '''42.600''' in the final. || <ref>{{cite news |title=Hoy claims fifth gold |url=http://www.london2012.com/news/articles/hoy-claims-fifth-gold.html |publisher=London 2012 |date=2 August 2012 |accessdate=2 August 2012}}</ref> | |||
| |- | |||
| | 2 August 2012 || ] || ] || {{flagIOC|RUS}} || Set a world record of '''592''' in the qualification ||<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/shooting/event/men-25m-rapid-fire-pistol/phase=shm202900/index.html |title=Men's 25m Rapid Fire Pistol |publisher=London 2012 |date=2 August 2012 |accessdate=12 August 2012}}</ref> | |||
| |- | |||
| | 3 August 2012 || ] || ]<br />]<br />] || {{flagIOC|GBR}} || Set a world record time of '''3:15.669''' in the qualification.|| | |||
| |- | |||
| | 3 August 2012 || ] || ] || {{flagIOC|BLR}} || Set a world record result of '''705.5''' in the final. || | |||
| |- | |||
| | 3 August 2012 || ] || ] || {{flagIOC|USA}} || Set a world record time of '''2:04.06''' in the final. || | |||
| |- | |||
| | 4 August 2012 || ] || ] || {{flagIOC|ITA}} || Scored a world record of '''75''' in the qualification. <br/> Scored a world record of '''99''' in the final. || | |||
| |- | |||
| | 4 August 2012 || ] || ]<br />]<br />] || {{flagIOC|GBR}} || Set a world record time of '''3:14.682''' in the first round. <br> Set a world record time of '''3:14.051''' in the final.|| | |||
| |- | |||
| | 4 August 2012 || ] || ] || {{flagIOC|CHN}} || Set a world record time of '''14:31.02''' in the final.|| <ref>{{cite news |title=Sun shatters 1500m WR at Olympics, Fogg eighth |url=http://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/news/sun-shatters-1500m-wr-olympics-fogg-eighth-190203974.html |publisher=Yahoo! Eurosport |date=4 August 2012 |accessdate=4 August 2012}}</ref> | |||
| |- | |||
| | 4 August 2012 || ] || ]<br>]<br>]<br>] || {{flagIOC|USA}} || Set a world record time of '''3:52.05''' in the final.|| | |||
| |- | |||
| | 4 August 2012 || ] || ] || {{flagIOC|KAZ}} || Set a world record at clean and jerk of '''233 kg'''.<br>Set a world record total of '''418 kg'''.||<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/weightlifting/event/men-94kg/index.html?v=20120804-203849822 |title=Men's 94kg |publisher=London 2012 |date=4 August 2012 |accessdate=12 August 2012}}</ref> | |||
| |- | |||
| | 5 August 2012 || ] || ] || {{flagIOC|RUS}} || Set a world record at snatch of '''151 kg'''.|| | |||
| |- | |||
| | 5 August 2012 || ] || ] || {{flagIOC|CHN}} || Set a world record total of '''333 kg'''.|| | |||
| |- | |||
| | 9 August 2012 || ] || ] || {{flagIOC|KEN}} || Set a world record time of '''1:40.91''' in the final.|| | |||
| |- | |||
| | 10 August 2012 || ] || ]<br />]<br />]<br />] || {{flagIOC|USA}} || Set a world record time of '''40.82''' in the final.|| | |||
| |- | |||
| | 11 August 2012 || ] || ] || {{flagIOC|RUS}} || Set a world record time of '''1:25.02'''.|| | |||
| |- | |||
| | 11 August 2012 || ] || ] <br> ] <br> ] <br> ]|| {{flagIOC|JAM}} || Set a world record time of '''36.84''' in the final.|| | |||
| |- | |||
| | 11 August 2012 || ] || ]|| {{flagIOC|ITA}} || Set a world record time of '''9:23.63''' in the running element.||<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/modern-pentathlon/event/men/records/index.html |title=Olympic Modern Pentathlon Records – Olympic & World Records |publisher=London 2012 |date=11 August 2012 |accessdate=17 August 2012}}</ref> | |||
| |- | |||
| | 12 August 2012 || ] || ]|| {{flagIOC|BLR}} || Set a world record time of '''10:20.90''' in the running element.||<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/modern-pentathlon/event/women/records/index.html |title=Olympic Modern Pentathlon Records – Olympic & World Records |publisher=London 2012 |date=12 August 2012 |accessdate=17 August 2012}}</ref> | |||
| |} | |||
| ===Medal count=== | |||
| {{Main|2012 Summer Olympics medal table}} | |||
| {{:2012 Summer Olympics medal table|caption=Top ten of the 2012 Summer Olympics medal table}} | |||
| ;Key | |||
| {{colorbox|#ccccff| <nowiki>*</nowiki> }} Host nation (Great Britain) | |||
| ==Broadcasting== | |||
| {{Main|List of 2012 Summer Olympics broadcasters}} | |||
| ] in June 2011]] | |||
| The host broadcaster was ] (OBS), an agency of the IOC. It used its own cameras, and crews subcontracted from other Olympic broadcasters, to cover the events. The base video and audio were sold to other broadcasters, who added their own commentary and presentation. | |||
| The official recording format of the 2012 Olympic Games used ]'s digital technologies, with the official video being produced and distributed from the ] in 1080/50i High-Definition (HD) format. Panasonic announced that DVCPRO HD would be the official recording format. ] London (OBSL), the host broadcaster, used ] HD series equipment to support the broadcast of the competition.<ref>{{cite press release |title=Panasonic Announces 3D P2 HD Shoulder-Mount Camcorder ... for London 2012 Olympic Games |url= http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20110410005065/en/Panasonic-Announces-3D-P2-HD-Shoulder-Mount-Camcorder |publisher=Panasonic |accessdate=25 May 2011 |date=10 April 2011}}</ref> | |||
| In accordance with the IOC's wish to provide over-the-air television coverage to as broad a worldwide audience as possible, London 2012 was being broadcast by a number of national and regional broadcasters. In the host nation, the ] (BBC) carried the Olympics, while ] broadcast the Paralympics. The BBC aimed to broadcast by using various (online and red button) channels for all 5,000 hours of the Olympic Games.<ref name="Roger Mosey Blog">{{Cite news |date=29 September 2010 |title=Roger Mosey |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/rogermosey/2010/06/highlighting_an_issue.html |publisher=BBC |accessdate=29 September 2010}}</ref> In addition to extended hours on ] so that it could show Olympic events in the daytime (which involved temporarily closing ]'s ] channel), no fewer than 24 additional BBC Olympics channels were available via cable, satellite and the internet in the UK. Before each game these channels displayed an OBS logo followed by the names of the event, competing teams and venue. At the end of the Games these channels carried a "Thank you for watching" message. The final programme to be carried on the BBC Olympics 1 channel was the ] without commentary. | |||
| The United States television rights, owned by ], accounted for over half the rights revenue for the IOC.<ref name="Business of Sports" group=book>{{cite book |author= Rosner, Scott |author2=Shropshire, Kenneth L. |title=The Business of Sports |year=2010 |publisher=Jones & Bartlett |location=Sudbury, MA |isbn=9780763780784 |page=453 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=-owSi55tLZAC&pg=PA453#v=onepage&f=false}}</ref> Thousands of Americans, however, have chosen to access the BBC's omnibus coverage using ]s, or ]s.<ref></ref> The operations of broadcasters granted rights to the Games are hosted in the dedicated International Broadcast Centre, inside the security cordon of the Olympic Park. YouTube will live stream the Games in 64 territories in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa where no official broadcaster was chosen.<ref></ref> This content was also viewable on YouTube Mobile and ], as well as via ] and ] applications.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.engadget.com/2012/06/06/youtube-london-olympics-asia-africa/ |title=YouTube will live stream HD Olympics coverage to 64 territories in Asia, Africa |first=Richard |last=Lawler |work=] |publisher=] |date=6 June 2012 |accessdate=8 June 2012}}</ref> | |||
| ==Marketing== | |||
| {{main|2012 Summer Olympics marketing}} | |||
| "]", a single released by the English band ], was the official song of the Olympics.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-18607319|title=Muse unveil official Olympic song|publisher=BBC|date=28 June 2012 |accessdate=28 June 2012}}</ref> In August 2009, the ] commissioned artists and illustrators to create 30 stamps which were released in batches of 10 during 2009 to 2011.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www2.royalmailgroup.com/news/2009/royal-mail-launches-major-series-olympic-stamps-london-2012 |title=Welcome to Royal Mail Group |publisher=.royalmailgroup.com |date=24 August 2009 |accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> On 22 July 2011, the last of the 30 stamps were released.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-14244890 |work=BBC News |title=Year-to-go Olympic stamps unveiled by Royal Mail |date=22 July 2011}}</ref> Two £5 coins have been made to mark London 2012 Olympics designed by ].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-15718464 |title= London 2012 £5 coin design success for Midlands pair |publisher=BBC|work=BBC News |date=14 November 2011 |accessdate=31 May 2012}}</ref> As with other Olympics since 1952, the ] will strike a set of commemorative one-kilogram gold and silver coins.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2011/nov/23/olympic-one-kilo-coins-unveiled |title=Olympic one kilo coins to mark London 2012 Games unveiled |first=Maev |last=Kennedy |newspaper=] |date=23 November 2011|accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| ===Logo and graphics=== | |||
| There have been two London 2012 logos: one for the bidding process created by Kino Design and a second as the brand for the Games themselves. The former was a ribbon with blue, yellow, black, green and red stripes winding through the text "LONDON 2012", making the shape of the ] in East London. The latter, designed by ], was published on 4 June 2007 as a representation of the number 2012, with the ] embedded within the zero.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.london2012.com/about-newlook-video.html |title=The new London 2012 brand |publisher=London 2012 |date=4 June 2007 |accessdate=4 June 2007 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20070606204757/http://www.london2012.com/about-newlook-video.html|archivedate=6 June 2007}}</ref> | |||
| {{Wide image|All London 2012 logos.svg|600px|The ] logo (far left) and the different official colour combinations for the ] main logo design}} | |||
| Public reaction to the logo in a June 2007 BBC poll was largely negative, with more than 80% of votes giving the logo the lowest possible rating.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://newsvote.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/other_sports/olympics_2012/6718243.stm?dynamic_vote=ON |title=BBC poll measuring public reaction to the new London Olympics logo |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Several newspapers ran their own logo competitions, displaying alternative submissions from their readers,<ref name="turnuptheirnoses">{{cite news |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/06/world/europe/06iht-brits.4.6026414.html?_r=1 |title=British turn up their noses at London Olympics logo|newspaper=The New York Times |date= 6 June 2007 |author=Cowell, Alan}}</ref> while several writers from news agencies criticised the logo.<ref name="turnuptheirnoses"/><ref>{{cite web |author= Stocks, Claire |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/sporteditors/2007/06/why_we_should_give_london_2012.html|title=Why we should give London 2012 logo a chance|publisher=BBC Sport Editors' blog |date=5 June 2007 |accessdate=20 May 2010}}</ref> A segment of animated footage released at the same time as the logo was reported to trigger seizures in a small number of people with ], and in response, a short segment was removed from the London 2012 website.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/6724245.stm |title=Epilepsy fears over 2012 footage |publisher=BBC News |accessdate=5 June 2007|date=5 June 2007 |archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20070628103732/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/6724245.stm|archivedate=28 June 2007 <!--DASHBot--> |deadurl=no}}</ref> In February 2011, ] complained that the logo appeared to spell out the word "]" and threatened to boycott the Olympics, but eventually did not boycott.<ref>{{cite news |title=London Olympics: Iran to compete despite logo complaint |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-12724166 |work=BBC News |date=12 March 2011 |accessdate=24 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| The official London 2012 Olympic typeface was called Headline 2012. It also met with some criticism, with journalist Simon Garfield selecting it for the first place slot in the "8 Worst Fonts in the World" category in his 2010 book '']'', with the comment "the uncool font is based on jaggedness and crudeness, not usually considered attributes where sport is concerned." He did however, concede that it was "a brilliant piece of corporate branding – I don't think anyone will confuse London 2012 with any other games past or future."<ref>{{cite news |title= The 8 Worst Fonts In The World|url=http://www.fastcodesign.com/1665318/the-8-worst-fonts-in-the-world |work=Co.Design |year=2010 |accessdate=6 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title = London 2012: 20 lesser-spotted things of the Olympics so far | date = 6 August 2012 | url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-19047586 | work = BBC | accessdate =13 August 2012}}</ref> Similarly, the magazine Wired pointed out that the purpose of the typeface was not to be elegant or easy to read in long sections of text, but rather was "meant to create awareness, impact and memorability as a headline typeface."<ref>{{cite news | coauthors = By Dan Rhatigan, Allan Haley | title = Olympic typography through the years | date = 3 August 2012 | url = http://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2012-08/03/olympic-typography | work = BBC | accessdate =13 August 2012}}</ref> | |||
| ===Mascots=== | |||
| {{Main|Wenlock and Mandeville}} | |||
| ] | |||
| The official mascots for the 2012 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games were unveiled on 19 May 2010.<ref name="BBCMascots">{{Cite news |title=London 2012 unveils Games mascots Wenlock & Mandeville |publisher=BBC News |date=19 May 2010 |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympic_games/london_2012/8690467.stm |accessdate=19 May 2010 |first=Gordon |last=Farquhar |archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20100522124841/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympic_games/london_2012/8690467.stm |archivedate=22 May 2010 <!--DASHBot--> |deadurl=no}}</ref> ] are animations depicting two drops of steel from a steelworks in ].<ref name="BBCMascots" /> They are named after the Shropshire town of ], which held ], and ], a village in Buckinghamshire where ] to the ] were first held.<ref name="BBCMascots" /> The writer ] wrote the story concept to the mascots, and an animation was produced;<ref>{{cite web |title=The London 2012 mascots |publisher=London 2012 |date=19 May 2010 |url= http://www.ourlondon2012.com/mascots/ |accessdate=20 May 2010 |archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20100521054503/http://www.ourlondon2012.com/mascots/ |archivedate=21 May 2010 <!--DASHBot-->|deadurl=no}}</ref> Two stories have been created about the mascots: ''Out Of A Rainbow'' and ''Adventures On A Rainbow''.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.mylondon2012.com/mascots/ |title=Home – London 2012 Mascots |publisher= Mylondon2012.com |accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> | |||
| In response to their launch the UK's leading design publication '']'' had this to say: "Both are clearly of the digital age. And we have to say, we think they look rather good...".<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.creativereview.co.uk/cr-blog/2010/may/olympics-mascots |title=Wenlock & Mandeville: London's Olympic mascots |publisher= Creative Review blog |accessdate=16 May 2012}}</ref> In other quarters their design has been greeted with some disdain. One columnist theorised that the pair were the product of a "drunken ] between a ] and a ]".<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/behold-the-one-eyed-compromise-monster/article1577592/ |title=Behold the One-Eyed Compromise Monster |newspaper=Globe and Mail |location =Toronto |date=21 May 2010}}</ref> Others have compared the mascots to ], the mascot of the ], another critically panned mascot.<ref>{{cite news |last= Rhone |first=Nedra |url= http://www.ajc.com/news/atlantas-olympic-mascot-meets-532495.html |title=Atlanta's Olympic mascot meets its ugly match |newspaper=Journal & Constitution |location =Atlanta GA |date=21 May 2010|accessdate=16 May 2012}}</ref> Still others have remarked that the pair resembles ] from the cartoon '']''.<ref>{{cite news |first=Emily |last=Alpert |url= http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/world_now/2012/07/olympics-whats-not-to-love-about-a-one-eyed-drop-of-steel.html |title=London Olympics: Making sport of mascots Wenlock, Mandeville |work =Los Angeles Times blog |date=26 July 2012}}</ref> However, it has been reported that children of the target audience (5 to 15 years) find the duo appealing.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.digitalartsonline.co.uk/news/?newsId=3224807.html |title=Interview: London 2012 Olympic mascots' creator discusses their design |work= Digital Arts |accessdate=16 May 2012}}</ref> | |||
| ===''Chariots of Fire''=== | |||
| The 1981 ]–winning film '']'', which depicts Britain's athletics successes in the ], was also a recurring theme in promotions for the 2012 London Olympics.<ref>{{cite web|author=|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q1yLRK2M8YQ |title=London Fireworks 2012 – New Year Live – BBC One |publisher=Youtube.com |date=1 January 2012 |accessdate=23 June 2012}}</ref> As an official part of the London 2012 Festival celebrations, a new digitally re-mastered version of ''Chariots of Fire'', released on 13 July 2012, was screened in over 100 cinemas throughout the UK.<ref>. ]. 23 March 2012.</ref> A ] also coincides with the Olympics, opening 9 May at London's ] and transferring to the West End from 23 June through 2 February 2013.<ref>Ng, David. . '']''. 18 April 2012.</ref> The film's theme tune was also performed by the ], conducted by ], during the ] of the games; the performance was accompanied by a comedic skit by ] which included the opening beach-running footage from the film.<ref name=mrbean-oc>{{cite web |title=Mr. Bean's 'Chariots Of Fire' Skit At 2012 London Olympics Opening Ceremony |url=http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/367792/20120727/mr-bean-rowan-atkinson-olympic-opening-ceremony.htm |work=] |accessdate=29 July 2012}}</ref> A new orchestration of the film's theme tune was also played during each ] of the 2012 Olympics.<ref></ref> | |||
| ===Sponsors=== | |||
| {{main|2012 Summer Olympics marketing#Sponsors}} | |||
| The ] (LOCOG) and the ] (IOC) have agreed to sponsorship deals with several companies. The sponsors are assigned one of four categories; worldwide, tier one, tier two and tier three.<ref name="Sponsors"/> The worldwide partners are: ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ].<ref name="Sponsors">{{cite web|url=http://www.london2012.com/about-us/the-people-delivering-the-games/olympic-partners/|title=Olympic Games partners | The people delivering the Games |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=15 October 2011}}</ref> The companies have cumulatively provided £1.4bn of funding, allocated evenly between the IOC and LOCOG.<ref>{{cite news |title=London 2012 Olympic sponsors list: who are they and what have they paid? |first=Simon |last=Rogers|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/datablog/2012/jul/19/london-2012-olympic-sponsors-list|work=The Guardian |date=19 July 2012|accessdate=24 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| ==Controversies== | |||
| {{main|Controversies at the 2012 Summer Olympics}} | |||
| There were several controversies during the lead-up to the Games, including sponsorship,<ref>{{cite news |last=Carman |first=Tim |date=18 July 2012 |url= http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/mcdonalds-olympian-achievement-in-london-a-french-fry-monopoly-and-largest-fast-food-restaurant/2012/07/18/gJQAZ6tQuW_story.html |title= McDonald's Olympian achievement in London: A French fry monopoly and largest fast-food restaurant |work=The Washington Post}}</ref> the athletes' use of social media, and several political issues. Although thousands of people failed to secure seats for the events they wanted following a complicated lottery process, a large number of empty seats were observed during the first days, including at some of the most popular events. This was speculated to be due to corporate sponsors who had been provided with tickets but were not using them fully.<ref name="washingtonpost1"/> | |||
| During the Games eight competitors in the ] were disqualified for "not using best efforts" after they tried to lose matches in the group stage of the competition in order to obtain more favourable fixtures in the knockout rounds.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.nbcolympics.com/news-blogs/badminton/all-eight-women-disqualified-for-throwing-badminton-matches.html |title=All eight women disqualified for throwing badminton matches |date=1 August 2012 |publisher=NBC Olympics |accessdate=1 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/olympics/19072677 |title=Olympics badminton: Eight women disqualified from doubles |publisher=BBC Sport |date=1 August 2012}}</ref> A number of results in boxing, gymnastics and judo were overturned by officials after initial decisions were appealed.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nbcolympics.com/news-blogs/boxing/olympic-boxing-officials-punished-for-controversial-rulings.html |title=Olympic boxing officials punished for controversial rulings |publisher=NBC Olympics |date= |accessdate=2 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=John |first=Emma |title=Olympics: Kristian Thomas keeps cool as Team GB grab gymnastics bronze |url= http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2012/jul/30/london-2012-great-britain-gymnastics |accessdate=14 August 2012 |newspaper=The Guardian |location =London |date=30 July 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5j3bNS7fgOzpv5yhYWWpsIawrm3HQ?docId=CNG.174be06ad8ee4755308494817ef96f0e.a21|title= Farcical scenes in Japan-Korea judo quarter final|publisher= AFP|date=29 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| ==Drug testing== | |||
| {{main|Use of performance-enhancing drugs in the Olympic Games#2012 London}} | |||
| It was announced before the Summer Games that half of all the competitors would be tested for drugs, with 150 scientists set to take 6,000 samples between the start of the Games and the end of the Paralympic Games.<ref name='BBCJul15'>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/olympics/18849517|title=London 2012: All medallists to be drugs tested at Olympics|publisher=BBC News Online|accessdate=28 July 2012|date=15 July 2012}}</ref> In addition, every competitor who won a medal was also tested. The Olympic anti-doping laboratory tested up to 400 samples every day for more than 240 prohibited substances.<ref name='BBCJul15'/> Albanian weightlifter ] became the first athlete to be tested positive.<ref name='BBCJul28'>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/weightlifting/19029190|title=Olympic drugs test: Albanian weightlifter Hysen Pulaku banned|publisher=BBC News Online|accessdate=28 July 2012|date=28 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| Gymnast ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/olympics/19038114|title=Olympics 2012 drugs: Artistic gymnast fails doping test|publisher=BBC News Online|accessdate=29 July 2012|date=29 July 2012}}</ref> and runner ] were also suspended.<ref name='ReutersJu29'>{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL6E8IT2VP20120729|title=Olympics-St Kitts sprinter out for using banned drug|agency=Reuters|accessdate=29 July 2012|date=29 July 2012|first=Gene|last=Cherry}}</ref> ] became the first athlete stripped of a medal when she tested positive for ]. ] was therefore awarded the gold medal in ].<ref>{{cite web|title=Valerie Adams 'speechless' at news of gold medal win|url=http://tvnz.co.nz/national-news/valerie-adams-awarded-olympic-gold-medal-5021496|publisher=TVNZ|accessdate=13 August 2012}}</ref> | |||
| ==Victory Parade== | |||
| {{main|Our Greatest Team Parade}} | |||
| A celebratory parade took place on 10 September 2012 commemorating the Olympic and Paralympic Games.<ref name=owen>{{citeweb|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2012/aug/28/our-greatest-team-parade?newsfeed=true|title=Our Greatest Team: Olympians and Paralympians to parade in London|publisher=]|date=28 August 2012|accessdate=30 August 2012}}</ref><ref name=London>{{citeweb|url=http://www.london.gov.uk/media/press_releases_mayoral/our-greatest-team-%E2%80%93-athletes-parade-route-details-confirmed-0|title=Our Greatest Team – athletes parade route details confirmed|publisher=]|date=27 August 2012|accessdate=30 August 2012}}</ref> | |||
| ==See also== | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] and ] – which were also held in London. | |||
| {{Portal bar|London|Olympics|United Kingdom}} | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{Reflist|30em}} | |||
| ===Book references=== | |||
| {{Reflist|group=book}} | |||
| ==External links== | |||
| {{commons category|2012 Summer Olympics}} | |||
| {{Wikinewspar2|London to host 2012 Olympic Games|Olympics organisers insist London win in 2012 ballot was fair}} | |||
| ;Official | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| ;News media | |||
| * {{bbc.co.uk|2012|London 2012}} | |||
| * {{Guardiantopic|sport/olympics-2012}} | |||
| * at '']'' | |||
| * at '']'' | |||
| {{S-start}} | |||
| {{S-bef|before=]}} | |||
| {{S-ttl |title=''Summer Olympic Games''<br />London|years=''XXX Olympiad'' (2012)}} | |||
| {{S-aft|after=]}} | |||
| {{S-end}} | |||
| {{Olympic Games}} | |||
| {{British bids for the Olympic Games}} | |||
| {{Nations at the 2012 Summer Olympics}} | |||
| {{EventsAt2012SummerOlympics}} | |||
| {{2012 Summer Olympics venues}} | |||
| {{London history}} | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| {{Link FA|af}} | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
Revision as of 02:40, 18 October 2012
== Richelet Etienne ==
He was born on November 23, 1983, in Jérémie, Haiti. He attended CFCD high school, Port-au-Prince, Haiti, and then furtheredhis education at LincolnTechnical Institute, Columbia, Maryland, as a master auto mechanic. Not only is the author a poet, he is also skilled in expressing his thoughts as a songwriter.
House of Love is a book of poetry which touches upon a potpourri of themes. The author paints colorful pictures with words as he speaks of things he holds dearest to his heart: love, peace, courage, nature, hope, happiness, faith, respect, reality, and dreams. Through his word art, he reveals his wishes, beliefs, spirituality, and shares his experiences. He draws upon his rich experiences buried deep within his soul to portray life in two cultures, his native Haiti and the U.S.
http://ritchoutoujours.wordpress.com