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"A Scandal in Belgravia" is the first episode of the second series of the BBC crime drama series Sherlock, which follows the modern-day adventures of Sherlock Holmes, and was first broadcast by BBC One on 1 January 2012. It was written by co-creator Steven Moffat, and directed by Paul McGuigan. The episode was based on "A Scandal in Bohemia", a short story by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.

The episode follows Sherlock Holmes' (Benedict Cumberbatch) confrontation with Irene Adler (Lara Pulver), a dominatrix who has compromising photographs taken with a female member of the royal family. The photographs are stored inside her mobile phone, along with other valuable information which makes her a target of various political factions. Sherlock spends much of the episode keeping the device out of enemy hands while trying to deduce its password. Besides referring to the Doyle short story, the episode title names Belgravia, a district of London adjacent to the grounds of Buckingham Palace.

After its broadcast on BBC One, the episode was given consolidated figures of 10.663 million viewers in the United Kingdom. Critical reactions toward the episode were largely positive, with reviewers praising the writing, acting and direction. The episode sparked controversy for showing the character of Irene Adler in the nude (albeit with full nudity obscured by camera angles), pre-watershed.

Plot

Background

The series follows a contemporary update of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes detective stories. Throughout the first series, it is revealed that a man named Moriarty, a "consulting criminal", was to some extent responsible for orchestrating the crimes throughout the three episodes. In the series finale, "The Great Game", Sherlock (Benedict Cumberbatch) and John Watson (Martin Freeman) come face to face with Moriarty (Andrew Scott), who has snipers targeting them. Moriarty intends to have the two killed, but in the closing scenes, Sherlock aims a handgun at an explosive vest, intending to shoot it.

Events

The standoff between Sherlock and Moriarty is interrupted by a phone call to the latter. Following the call, Moriarty, having "received a better offer", lets Sherlock and John leave alive. In the following weeks, Sherlock becomes a minor celebrity after John blogs about his activities. While investigating a case where a man died in the countryside, Sherlock and John are brought before Sherlock's brother Mycroft (Mark Gatiss) in Buckingham Palace. He and a palace official reveal that Irene Adler (Lara Pulver), a dominatrix known professionally as "The Woman", took compromising photographs of her and a female member of the royal family, and wants the pair to retrieve her mobile phone. Sherlock and John attempt to use deception to get into Adler's home. However Adler has been expecting them, and appears to them completely naked, making Sherlock unable to deduce anything about her, but through a ruse he finds that she keeps her phone in a safe. Several Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) operatives led by Nielson (Todd Boyce) break into the house and demand that Sherlock opens the safe, which he does after realising the combination is Adler's measurements and opens the safe, which is booby-trapped with a handgun that kills one of the assailants. After the rest are disarmed, Sherlock takes the phone which also contains other valuable information. However, Adler sedates him and steals the phone back before escaping. Sherlock later wakes up in his bed to find that Adler tampered with his phone, by adding a personalised ringtone of a woman sighing erotically whenever she sends him a text.

Six months later, Sherlock learns (via text message) that Adler has sent him her phone (which requires a code that he does not know to unlock), and realises she will be found dead; her mutilated body is later found and identified. Some time later, John is contacted by Mycroft Holmes' assistant, who takes him to the abandoned Battersea Power Station. Expecting to see Mycroft, he is surprised to find Adler, who faked her death to shake off the people who are out to kill her for the phone. Sherlock, having followed him, is now also aware of Adler's survival. Sherlock returns home to find that Nielson's team are making another attempt to take the phone, by imprisoning his landlady Mrs Hudson (Una Stubbs). Sherlock tricks and overpowers Nielson, and throws him out a window. Later on, Adler reveals that she is still being hunted and asks Sherlock to decipher a code she stole from a Ministry of Defence (MOD) official. He effortlessly cracks the code, revealing it to be an airline seat allocation number. Adler secretly texts the flight information to her contact, Moriarty, who in turn texts Mycroft, revealing that he is now aware of the MOD ploy to fool a terrorist cell that was attempting to bomb a plane.

Adler's attempts to seduce Sherlock are interrupted by government officials who have come to collect him and deliver him to Heathrow Airport. Sherlock remembers Mycroft mentioning "Coventry" on the phone and reminisces about the allegations that the British government allowed the Coventry Blitz to happen, so as not to alert the Germans that their military codes had been cracked. His suspicions that a similar situation is occurring are confirmed by Mycroft; the US and UK governments have decided to fly a 'dummy plane' full of corpses so as not to alert the terrorists while avoiding casualties. However, as Sherlock unwittingly helped Adler and therefore Moriarty crack the code, the scheme was foiled. Adler reveals a list of demands to Mycroft, including protection, in exchange for the release of the information on her phone. Adler further taunts Sherlock by revealing that he meant nothing to her. However Sherlock realises she is lying, as he previously took her pulse that proved otherwise. He opens the phone with the password "SHER" (so that its screen reads "I am Sher-locked"). With her leverage gone, Adler pleads for protection, as she is unlikely to outrun her enemies, but Sherlock and Mycroft turn her down.

Some months later, Mycroft informs John that Adler has been beheaded by a terrorist cell in Karachi, Pakistan, but asks him to tell Sherlock instead that she has entered a witness protection program in America. Sherlock appears to accept this and asks John to give him Adler's phone. After John leaves, it is revealed in a flashback that Sherlock actually went to Pakistan to pose as her executioner, revealed himself to her, and rescued her.

Sources and allusions

The episode is based on Arthur Conan Doyle's short story "A Scandal in Bohemia", and also alludes to several other adventures. There are references to numerous famous Holmes stories, such as "The Greek Interpreter" (in this episode, the "Geek Interpreter"), "The Speckled Band" (in the episode, the "Speckled Blonde"), "The Naval Treaty" (in the episode, the "The Navel Treatment"), "The Illustrious Client" and "The Priory School". One of Watson's blogs is titled "Sherlock Holmes Baffled", the same title as a 1900 silent film, the first depiction of Holmes on film. Holmes also uses a deerstalker cap in an attempt to disguise himself from the media, as per the classic image of him created by illustrator Sidney Paget. Watson reveals his middle name to be Hamish, in accordance with popular supposition. Moriarty's text message to Mycroft of "Dear me, Mr. Holmes. Dear me." is his note to Holmes in the epilogue of "The Valley of Fear." As Holmes opens Adler's safe, he says "Vatican cameos", a reference to a mystery that is mentioned in The Hound of the Baskervilles.

Production

Lara Pulver decided to audition for the role of Irene Adler when she read the script shortly after wrapping on the espionage series Spooks, in which she had played Erin Watts. She was cast after meeting Steven Moffat and reading with Cumberbatch. Pulver told website Digital Spy that Moffat "had written such a multi-dimensional role that I literally immersed myself in his writing. Everything else went out the window for me, research-wise, other than . Literally, if you search my computer, you'd think I was a porn star or something!" She says that she found the initial vulnerability when filming the nude scenes "empowering" because she was unable to "hide behind anything – there's no mask. This is me, in the flesh! By the end of take two, it wasn't an issue."

Musician Eos Chater worked as Benedict Cumberbatch's violin coach for this episode. Although Chater's playing is on the actual soundtrack, Cumberbatch was required to appear to be an expert violinist. To achieve this, Chater was positioned on set so that she could synchronise her playing with his. She says, "On set I need to see him; to play when he lifts his violin and stop when he stops. And he needs to see me; to copy my bowings, to ghost what I'm doing. In one scene I have to stand outside on two boxes on a scissor lift, watching him while he watches me out of the window."

Broadcast and reception

"A Scandal in Belgravia" was first broadcast on BBC One on Sunday, 1 January 2012 between 8:10 p.m. and 9:40 p.m. It received preliminary overnight figures of 8.75 million viewers, with a 30.9 per cent audience share. It is Sherlock's highest rated episode since the show's first episode, "A Study in Pink", which attracted 7.5 million. The episode won BBC One the timeslot, having trounced Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince on ITV1. When consolidated final ratings are factored in, the episode saw an increase of almost two million viewers, totalling 10.663 million viewers, making it the fifth most viewed programme for the week. "A Scandal in Belgravia" also saw significant viewings on the catch-up internet television service BBC iPlayer, with more than 800,000 seeing the episode within 24 hours after its original broadcast, eventually becoming the most-watched programme of 2012 in May with over 2.5 million requests. The episode was later repeated on the digital channel BBC Three on Saturday, 7 January 2012 from 7pm, which did not censor the nude scenes despite being shown pre-watershed. The repeat was seen by 883,000 viewers.

The British Board of Film Classification has awarded the episode a 12 certificate for "moderate sex references, violence and threat." The episode, which is accompanied by an audio commentary by Cumberbatch, Moffat, Gatiss, Pulver and Vertue, was released with the remainder of the second series in the UK on DVD and Blu-ray disc on 23 January 2012.

In the United States, the episode premiered on the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) on 6 May 2012 as part of Masterpiece Mystery!. It was seen live by 3.2 million viewers, and was considered a success by the service as it doubled their average primetime ratings.

Critical reception

Critical reaction to the episode was largely positive. The Independent's Neela Debnath observed a "constant stream of comedy that ran alongside the suspense", while Tom Sutcliffe, also for The Independent, commends Moffat's "real poignancy" and how "barely a minute passes without a line that's worth making a note of". Sutcliffe continues to praise "lovely performances and great writing," and that "the whole thing is filmed with such invention".

Sarah Crompton, for The Telegraph, asserts that "Cumberbatch is utterly credible as a man who lives entirely in his cerebellum with little regard for the world outside, make Sherlock the perfect depiction of Holmes for our times". Radio Times writer David Brown agreed, stating that adaptation has the "heartbeat of Conan Doyle’s original." Crompton further argues that the frequent allusions to the Holmes canon shows how Sherlock "revels in its own cleverness". Chris Harvey, also for The Telegraph, wrote, "We’ll be lucky if there’s a drama that’s as much fun all year, so explaining that it was good, seems somehow superfluous". The Guardian's Sam Wollaston says that Conan Doyle's original story has "been Moffatised as well as modernised. He starts off parallel but then wanders off left and right, into international terrorism and CIA plots and complicated conspiracy theories. It's very complicated, I find at times." Wollaston later called it "a bit of a confusing mish-mash". In its otherwise positive review, Digital Spy's Morgan Jeffery suggests that "the resolution to the 'Scandal' case is perhaps a little too far-fetched."

Controversy

Following the episode's broadcast, the tabloid Daily Mail reported that Irene Adler's nude scene early in the episode had been met with disapproval from some viewers who were concerned that it had been shown before the 9:00 pm watershed hour, before which adult-oriented content is not supposed to air. In the nude scene, camera angles and body posture hide sensitive body parts. The Guardian claimed that there was "no mystery about the Mail's reaction", observing that the paper was "so outraged by the scenes" that it illustrated its story "with a big blow-up picture on page 9". Following the broadcast, a BBC spokesman said: "We're delighted with the critical and audience response to the first episode, which has been extremely positive, and have received no complaints at this stage." As of 4 January 2012, the BBC had received 102 complaints "relating to inappropriate scenes broadcast before the Watershed", although "it could not tell when the complaints had been made, or how many came before and after the Daily Mail story."

Jane Clare Jones, a doctoral student of feminist ethics writing in her blog on The Guardian's website, criticised episode writer Steven Moffat's representation of Irene Adler, arguing that her sexualisation was a regressive step. She writes, "While Conan Doyle's original is hardly an exemplar of gender evolution, you've got to worry when a woman comes off worse in 2012 than in 1891." Jones argues that while Conan Doyle's Adler was a "proto-feminist", Moffat undermined "her acumen and agency ... Not-so-subtly channelling the spirit of the predatory femme fatal , Adler's power became, in Moffat's hands, less a matter of brains, and more a matter of knowing 'what men like' and how to give it to them ... Her masterminding of a cunning criminal plan was, it was revealed late in the day, not her own doing, but dependent on the advice of Holmes's arch nemesis, James Moriarty." However, Laura Pledger of Radio Times listed Adler as a strong female television character, writing, "Not since Scarlett O'Hara has a woman employed quite so many feminine wiles in pursuit of her ultimate goal – and with such chutzpah it feels churlish to criticise". Moffat rejected any suggestion that he or Conan Doyle’s creation harboured sexist views, labelling the allegation "deeply offensive", and misguided in that the critics had assumed that he was "presenting the characters as the way it is and the way it ought to be". But, he says, both Adler and Sherlock "are clearly defined as deranged – it's love among the mad. He's a psychopath, so is she." In another interview with WalesOnline, Moffat says:

I think it’s one thing to criticise a programme and another thing to invent motives out of amateur psychology for the writer and then accuse him of having those feelings. I think that was beyond the pale and strayed from criticism to a defamation act. I’m certainly not a sexist, a misogynist and it was wrong. It’s not true and in terms of the character Sherlock Holmes, it is interesting. He has been referred to as being a bit misogynist. He’s not; the fact is one of the lovely threads of the original Sherlock Holmes is whatever he says, he cannot abide anyone being cruel to women – he actually becomes incensed and full of rage.

Accolades

On May 2012, the episode won three British Academy Television (BAFTA) Craft Awards. Moffat was awarded the Best Writer category for his work on the episode. In the meantime, editor Charlie Phillips was awarded in Editing: Fiction, and the sound team, John Mooney, Jeremy Child, Howard Bargroff, Doug Sinclair, won Sound: Fiction. The episode managed to to win all three Craft categories it was nominated for. The episode was nominated for 13 Primetime Emmy Awards including Outstanding Miniseries or TV Movie. Benedict Cumberbatch was nominated for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie for his role of Sherlock and Martin Freeman was nominated for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie for his performance as Dr. John Watson. Moffat and Paul MacGuigan were also nominated for their writing and directing respectively.

References

1. Steven Moffat (writer), Paul McGuigan (director), Sue Vertue (producer) (25 July 2010). "A Study in Pink". Sherlock. Episode 1. BBC. BBC One. {{cite episode}}: Unknown parameter |seriesno= ignored (|series-number= suggested) (help)
2. Stephen Thompson (writer), Euros Lyn (director), Sue Vertue (producer) (1 August 2010). "The Blind Banker". Sherlock. Episode 2. BBC. BBC One. {{cite episode}}: Unknown parameter |seriesno= ignored (|series-number= suggested) (help)
3. Mark Gatiss (writer), Paul McGuigan (director), Sue Vertue (producer) (8 August 2010). "The Great Game". Sherlock. Episode 3. BBC. BBC One. {{cite episode}}: Unknown parameter |seriesno= ignored (|series-number= suggested) (help)
4. ^ Wollaston, Sam (1 January 2012). "TV review: Sherlock; Hacks". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
5. ^ Crompton, Sarah (1 January 2012). "The timeless appeal of Holmes's sexy logic". Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 5 January 2012. Cite error: The named reference "crompton" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
6. ^ Brown, David (1 January 2012). "A Scandal in Belgravia: full review". Radio Times.
7. Nollen, Scott Allen (1996). Sir Arthur Conan Doyle at the Cinema. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co. p. 249. ISBN 978-0-7864-0269-4.
8. ^ Jeffery, Morgan (29 December 2011). "'Sherlock' Lara Pulver interview: 'Playing Irene Adler is a privilege'". Digital Spy. Retrieved 5 January 2012.
9. Chater, Eos (4 January 2012). "How I taught Sherlock Holmes to play the violin". The Guardian. UK. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
10. Millar, Paul (2 January 2012). "'EastEnders' Pat death, 'Sherlock' beat 'Harry Potter' ITV premiere". Digital Spy. Hachette Filipacchi Médias. Retrieved 10 May 2012. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
11. Conlan, Tara (3 January 2012). "BBC1's Sherlock gets back on the case with nearly 9 million viewers". The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. Retrieved 10 May 2012.
12. "Weekly Top 10 Programmes (select BBC1 and w/e 1 January 2011)". Broadcasters' Audience Research Board. Retrieved 10 May 2012.
13. "Weekly Top 30 Programmes (select w/e 1 January 2012)". Broadcasters' Audience Research Board. Retrieved 10 May 2012.
14. Glanfield, Tim (16 January 2012). "Sherlock finale intrigues 7.9 million viewers". Radio Times. BBC Magazines. Retrieved 12 May 2012.
15. "Sherlock episode with naked Lara Pulver most watched show on BBC iPlayer". The Daily Telegraph. 29 May 2012. Retrieved 8 June 2012.
16. ^ Conlan, Tara (4 January 2012). "Sherlock: BBC will not remove nude scenes for 7 pm repeat". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
17. "Weekly Top 10 Programmes (select BBC3 and w/e 8 January 2011)". Broadcasters' Audience Research Board. Retrieved 10 May 2012.
18. "SHERLOCK – A SCANDAL IN BELGRAVIA". British Board of Film Classification. 12 December 2011.
19. "Sherlock: Series 2 (DVD)". BBC Shop. BBC Online. Retrieved 10 May 2012. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
20. "Sherlock: Series 2 (Blu-ray)". BBC Shop. BBC Online. Retrieved 10 May 2012. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
21. Kondolojy, Amanda (7 May 2012). "'Sherlock' Series 2 Uncovers Remarkable Ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved 12 May 2012. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
22. Debnath, Neela (1 January 2012). "Review of Sherlock 'A Scandal in Belgravia'". The Independent. London. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
23. Sutcliffe, Tom (2 January 2012). "Last Night's TV: Sherlock, BBC 1". The Independent. London. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
24. Harvey, Chris (1 January 2012). "Sherlock, BBC One, review". Daily Telegraph. London.
25. Wollaston, Sam (7 January 2012). "TV review: Borgen; Sherlock". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 8 January 2012. {{cite news}}: Text "Sherlock" ignored (help)
26. Jeffery, Morgan (12 December 2011). "'Sherlock': Series Two Preview". Digital Spy. Retrieved 5 January 2012.
27. ^ Revoir, Paul (3 January 2012). "Lara Pulver naked in Sherlock Holmes: BBC under fire for raunchy pre-watershed scenes". Daily Mail. London. Retrieved 3 January 2012.
28. "BBC1's Sherlock: no mystery about the Mail's reaction". The Guardian. UK. 3 January 2012.
29. "Sherlock nudity before the watershed shocks viewers". The Telegraph. London. 3 January 2012. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
30. ^ Jones, Jane Clare (3 January 2012). "Is Sherlock sexist? Steven Moffat's wanton women". The Guardian. UK. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
31. Pledger, Laura (8 March 2012). "Ten strong TV women". Radio Times. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
32. Jeffries, Stuart (20 January 2012). "'There is a clue everybody's missed': Sherlock writer Steven Moffat interviewed". The Guardian. UK. Retrieved 21 January 2012.
33. Gaskell, Simon (4 January 2012). "Sherlock writer Steven Moffat furious with sexist claim". Wales Online. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
34. Goodacre, Kate (14 May 2012). "Sherlock, Frozen Planet, Great Expectations share BAFTA Craft honours". Digital Spy. Retrieved 14 May 2012.
35. Goodacre, Kate (14 May 2012). "BAFTA TV Craft Awards 2012 winners - in full". Digital Spy. Retrieved 14 May 2012.
36. "Sherlock: A Scandal In Belgravia - Emmys". emmys.com. Retrieved 20 July 2012.

External links

• "A Scandal in Belgravia" at IMDb

Reviews

• Thomson, Graeme (2 January 2012). "Sherlock, Series 2, BBC One". The Arts Desk.

• Use dmy dates from February 2012
• 2012 in British television
• 2012 television episodes
• Screenplays by Steven Moffat
• Works based on Sherlock Holmes
• Sherlock (TV series) episodes