Misplaced Pages

Timeline of Kosovo history: Difference between revisions

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Browse history interactively← Previous editNext edit →Content deleted Content addedVisualWikitext
Revision as of 22:21, 5 April 2013 editEvlekis (talk | contribs)30,289 edits You are trolling Bobrayner, doing nothing constructive, you know Gjakova is exclusively the Albanian name and not the local name per historical accuracy← Previous edit Revision as of 21:12, 6 April 2013 edit undoEvlekis (talk | contribs)30,289 edits fixing three settlements in accordance with historical accuracy, a policy with double the requirement on an article outlining historical eventsNext edit →
Line 146: Line 146:
* 1856: Building of Episcopal Church of St. George, in Prizren.{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}} * 1856: Building of Episcopal Church of St. George, in Prizren.{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}}
* 1863-65; Ottoman military expeditions in Kosovo <ref name="HPP"/><ref name = hpp2>{{cite book|title=Historia e Popullit Shqiptar II (Përgatitur nga një kolektiv punonjësish shkencorë të sektorëve të historisë të Institutit të Historisë dhe të Gjuhësisë|year=1979|author=Aleks Buda, Kristo Frashëri,|coauthors=Stefanaq Pollo, Jusuf Alibali}}</ref> * 1863-65; Ottoman military expeditions in Kosovo <ref name="HPP"/><ref name = hpp2>{{cite book|title=Historia e Popullit Shqiptar II (Përgatitur nga një kolektiv punonjësish shkencorë të sektorëve të historisë të Institutit të Historisë dhe të Gjuhësisë|year=1979|author=Aleks Buda, Kristo Frashëri,|coauthors=Stefanaq Pollo, Jusuf Alibali}}</ref>
* 1867–68; Ottoman military expeditions in the ] Highlands <ref name = HPP/><ref name = hpp2/> * 1867–68; Ottoman military expeditions in the ] Highlands <ref name = HPP/><ref name = hpp2/>
* 1870: Commission of the ] * 1870: Commission of the ]
* 1871 Seminary in Prizren, established in 1 October 1871. * 1871 Seminary in Prizren, established in 1 October 1871.
Line 157: Line 157:
*1880 (December) - Temporary Governance{{clarify|date=March 2013}} was announced in Prizren.<ref>{{cite book|last=Elsie|first=Robert|page=148|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=pgf6GWJxuZgC&pg=PA148}}</ref> *1880 (December) - Temporary Governance{{clarify|date=March 2013}} was announced in Prizren.<ref>{{cite book|last=Elsie|first=Robert|page=148|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=pgf6GWJxuZgC&pg=PA148}}</ref>
*1881 - Turkish troops enter ] <ref name = HPP/><ref name = hpp2/> *1881 - Turkish troops enter ] <ref name = HPP/><ref name = hpp2/>
*1881 (April 21) - Battle of ] and Slivova,<ref>{{cite web|last=Elsie|first=Robert|title=1912 Aubrey Herbert: A Meeting with Isa Boletini|url=http://www.albanianhistory.net/texts20_1/AH1912_3.html}}</ref> *1881 (April 21) - Battle of ] and Slivova,<ref>{{cite web|last=Elsie|first=Robert|title=1912 Aubrey Herbert: A Meeting with Isa Boletini|url=http://www.albanianhistory.net/texts20_1/AH1912_3.html}}</ref>
*1881 (April 23) - Ottoman forces enter ] <ref name = HPP/><ref name = hpp2/> *1881 (April 23) - Ottoman forces enter ] <ref name = HPP/><ref name = hpp2/>
*1881 (May 8) – Ottoman forces recapture ] from the League of Prizren<ref name = HPP/><ref name = hpp2/><ref>{{cite book|last=Malcolm|first=Noel|title=Kosovo: A Short History|year=1999|publisher=Harper Perennial|page=226|isbn=978-0-06-097775-7}}</ref> *1881 (May 8) – Ottoman forces recapture ] from the League of Prizren<ref name = HPP/><ref name = hpp2/><ref>{{cite book|last=Malcolm|first=Noel|title=Kosovo: A Short History|year=1999|publisher=Harper Perennial|page=226|isbn=978-0-06-097775-7}}</ref>
*1885 – Revolt in Kosovo against Ottoman governance <ref name = whkmla>{{cite web|title=Albania 1878-1912|url=http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/balkans/albania18781912.html}}</ref> *1885 – Revolt in Kosovo against Ottoman governance <ref name = whkmla>{{cite web|title=Albania 1878-1912|url=http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/balkans/albania18781912.html}}</ref>
*1889 - ] was born <ref name=dictionary>{{cite book|last=Elsie|first=Robert|title=Historical Dictionary of Kosova|year=2004|publisher=The Scarecrow Press|isbn=0-8108-5309-4|page=63}}</ref> *1889 - ] was born <ref name=dictionary>{{cite book|last=Elsie|first=Robert|title=Historical Dictionary of Kosova|year=2004|publisher=The Scarecrow Press|isbn=0-8108-5309-4|page=63}}</ref>

Revision as of 21:12, 6 April 2013

Part of a series on the
History of Kosovo
Kosovo
Prehistory
Antiquity
Roman Kosovo
Medieval Kosovo
Ottoman Kosovo
20th Century
Contemporary
See Also

This is a timeline containing events regarding the history of Kosovo.

Prehistory, Roman era - 13th century AD

Illyria and Dardania Kingdoms
  • 5500-4500 BC: The Neolithic archaeological culture of Vinča occupied a large area of Central Balkans.
  • 4th century BC: The establishment of the Dardanian Kingdom.
  • 393 – 358 - The reign of Bardyllis in Dardania
  • 335 – 295 - (approximately) The reign of Cleitus the Illyrian (the son of Bardyllis) in Dardania
  • 295 - 290 – The reign of Bardylis II in Dardania
  • 231 - 206 – The reign of Longarus in Dardania
  • 206 – 176 – The reign of Bato of Dardania
  • 2nd century BC: The Roman Empire conquered Illyria in 168 BC. The Central Balkans was prior to the Roman conquest held by Illyrians, Thracians and Celts, while the Kosovo region was specifically inhabited by the Triballi, a Thracian tribe.
  • 87–27 BC: The Dardani settled in the southwest of Triballi area in 87BC. The Dardani were possibly a Thracian tribe of Illyrian influence. Dardanians were defeated by Gaius Scribonius Curio and the Latin language was soon adopted as the main language of the tribe as many other conquered and Romanized. Eastern Dardania was Thracian throughout Roman rule. The Thracian place names survives the Romanization of the region.
  • 6-9 – The great Great Illyrian Revolt against the Roman Empire
  • 2nd century AD:
    • Ulpiana (later Byzantine Justiniana Secunda) is founded, most likely during the rule of Trajan. It was settled by Roman legionaries of unknown descent. The Romans colonized and founded several cities in the region.
    • Florus and Laurus, Constantinopolitan twin brothers that worked as stonemasons, are killed together with 300 fellow Christians after building a Church on the site of a Greek temple in Ulpiana. They were proclaimed Christians martyrs.
  • 284: Emperor Diocletian established Dardania into a separate province out of territory of Moesia Superior with its capital at Naissus (Niš). However, in Ptolemy's Geographia (written in the 2nd century), Dardania is a separate unit.
  • 4th century:
    • 325: Bishops from Dardania and Macedonia Salutaris attend the Council of Nicaea, to deal with the Arian heresy.
    • 343–344: Bishops from Dardania, New Epirus and Old Epirus attend the Council of Sardica.
  • 5th century:
    • Christianity begins to spread throughout the region.
  • 441: Invasion of Huns into Illyria.
  • 6th century:
    • 517: A "great barbarian incursion".
    • 518: Earthquake, destroying 24 strongholds in Dardania.
    • fl. 535–565: Emperor Justinian I (r. 527–565) rebuilt Ulpiana, naming it Justiniana Secunda after founding Justiniana Prima in 535.
    • Slavs are mentioned in the Balkans during Justinian I rule (527–565), when eventually up to 100,000 Slavs raided Thessalonica. The Balkans was settled with "Sclaveni", in relation to the Antes which settled in Eastern Europe. Large scale Slavic settlement in the Balkans begins in the early 580s. The Slavs lived in the Sklavinia (lit. Slav lands).
  • fl. 893–927: the church in Sočanica is, at latest, built during the reign of Bulgar Simeon I. It was in use in the 11th and 12th centuries according to grave finds. In the reign of Grand Prince Uroš II, the site was known as Sečenica and was defended from the Byzantines from the newly built fortress at Galič, protecting the bridge over Ibar and the road to Ras. The site draws continuity with municipium Dardanorum.
  • ca 960: Constantine VII writes the De Administrando Imperio, in which "Serbia" has the city of Dresneïk, among others, possibly modern Drsnik, in Metohija.
  • 1081 – The first attack by the Normans in Albanian territory
  • ca 1090: Serbian Grand Prince Vukan (r. 1083–1112) began raiding Byzantine territory, first in the vicinity of Kosovo.
  • Between 1166-1168: Nemanja, a Serbian royalty who held parts of Kosovo and southern Serbia proper, defeats his older brother and Serbian Grand Prince Tihomir at at Pantino (south of Zvečan), usurping the throne.
  • 13th century:

14th century

15th century

  • 1402: Stefan Lazarević, Prince (r. 1389–1402), assumes the title of Despot (r. 1402–1427). This took place after the Ottoman state temporarily collapsed following Mongol emir Timur's invasion of Anatolia (Battle of Ankara). The Ottoman interregnum lasted until 1413, as Bayezid's sons fought over succession.
  • 1402: In the feud between Ottoman vassal Đurađ Branković and his uncle Despot Stefan, Đurađ II Balšić sided with Stefan. Due to Đurađ II's support, Stefan defeated Ottoman forces led by Branković in the battle of Gračanica on the Kosovo field (21 June 1402) (.
  • 1412 After the battle of Angora in 1402, Prince Stefan took advantage of the chaos in the Ottoman state. In Constantinople he received the title of despot, and upon returning home, having defeated Brankovic's relatives he took control over the lands of his father. Despite frequent internal conflicts and his vassal obligations to the Turks and Hungarians, despot Stefan revived and economically consolidated the Serbian state, the center of which was gradually moving northward. Under his rule Novo Brdo in Kosovo became the economic center of Serbia where in he issued a Law of Mines in 1412
  • 1412: Stefan Lazarević issued a Code of Mines in 1412 in Novo Brdo, the economic center of Serbia. In his legacy, Resava-Manasija monastery (Pomoravlje District), he organized the Resava School, a center for correcting, translating, and transcribing books.
  • 1413, 5 July: Musa Çelebi is killed, ending the Ottoman Interregnum with Mehmed Çelebi emerging as Sultan.
  • 1427 Stefan Lazarević died suddenly in 1427, leaving the throne to his nephew Đurađ Branković.
  • 1430 The whole of Macedonia was conquered by the Ottomans.
  • 1443, the Ottoman army was defeated, at the Serbian town of Niš, by a crusade under a multi-national leadership which included the Hungarian hero János Hunyadi. At this point Skanderbeg, an Albanian nobleman who had been trained as a soldier in the Ottoman army, raised a rebellion from his family seat at Kruja.
  • 1448 Battle of Kosovo (1448)
  • 1453 Fall of Constantinople in 1453.
  • Between 1455 and 1459: Ottoman conquest of the Serbian Despotate. Prizren is conquered in 1455. The Monastery of the Holy Archangels is looted and destroyed. The Ottoman Sanjak of Prizren is established, existing until 1912.
  • After 1455: Building of Namazgah Mosque.
  • 1455 Building of Xhumasë Mosque.

16th century

This section may require cleanup to meet Misplaced Pages's quality standards. The specific problem is: Proper names, refs. Please help improve this section if you can. (March 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

17th century

This section may require cleanup to meet Misplaced Pages's quality standards. The specific problem is: Proper names, refs. Please help improve this section if you can. (March 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

18th century

This section may require cleanup to meet Misplaced Pages's quality standards. The specific problem is: Proper names, refs. Please help improve this section if you can. (March 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

19th century

This section may require cleanup to meet Misplaced Pages's quality standards. The specific problem is: Proper names, refs. Please help improve this section if you can. (March 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Lidhja e Prizrenit

20th century

The time period, 1919 - 1926 was characterized by massive migrations of Kosovars

    • 1919 – 23,500 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
    • 1920 – 8,536 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
    • 1921 – 24,532 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
    • 1922 – 12,307 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
    • 1923 – 6,389 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
    • 1924 – 9,630 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey, 43 families immigrated to Albania
  • 1924 (May 25) - The armies of Bajram Curri start a revolt
  • 1925 (March 29) – Bajram Curri is killed
  • 1925 – 4,315 Kosovars immigrated to Turkey, 148 families immigrated to Albania
  • 1926 – 4,012 Kosovars immigrated to Turkey, 399 families immigrated to Albania
  • 1926 (November 20) - The revolt of Dukagjin started.

The time period, 1927 - 36 was characterized by massive migrations of Kosovars

    • 1927 – 5,197 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey, 316 families immigrated to Albania
    • 1928 – 4,326 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey, 149 families immigrated to Albania
    • 1929 – 6,219 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey, 216 families immigrated to Albania
    • 1930 – 13,215 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey, 199 families immigrated to Albania
    • 1931 – 28,807 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey, 624 families immigrated to Albania
    • 1932 – 6,219 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey, 211 families immigrated to Albania
    • 1933 – 3,420 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey, 181 families immigrated to Albania
    • 1934 – 14,500 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey, 328 families immigrated to Albania
    • 1935 – 9,565 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey, 386 families immigrated to Albania
    • 1936 – 4,252 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey, 182 families immigrated to Albania
  • 1936 (January–February) - Oil Workers start a strike in Kosovo
    • 1937 – 4,234 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
    • 1938 – 7,251 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey, 4,046 families immigrated to Albania
    • 1939 – 7,255 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
  • 7 April 1939: During World War II, the majority of Kosovo was part of the Italian occupation of Albania.
    • 1940 – 6,792 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
  • 1941 (April 6) - The Invasion of Yugoslavia by Hitler's army
  • September 1943: Kosovo becomes part of Nazi German occupied Albania.
  • 1943 (September 16) - The Second League of Prizren took place, led by Bedri Pejani,
  • 1944: The Democratic Federal Yugoslavia is created with the national boundary with Albania precisely as it had been prior to World War II.
  • 1944 (January 2) – In the Assembly of Bujan, Kosovars declared that they are a political population and that they want to unite with Albania
  • 1944 (October 5) - The Fifth Brigade, and days later The Third Brigade of the Albanian army(UNÇSH), cross the state border to enslave Kosovo from enemy occupation
  • 1944 (October 23) - The Pristina Massacre
  • 1944 (November 7) - The liberation of Gjakova by the Albanian army
  • 1944 (November 18) - The final liberation of Dukagjin and Kosovo by the Albanian army
  • 1946: Kosovo as a political unit resurfaces for the first time since 1912. Now named the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija, the new entity exists as an autonomous region within the Socialist Republic of Serbia but it only occupies a fraction of the territory which had been Kosovo prior to 1912: whilst a part of the former vilayet remained within Central Serbia, the other lands were placed in the newly created Yugoslav republics of Montenegro and Macedonia (both outside of and equal partners to Serbia).

The time period, 1952 - 1965 was characterized by massive migrations of Kosovars

    • 1952 – 37,000 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
    • 1953 – 19,300 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
    • 1954 – 17,500 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
    • 1955 – 51,000 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
    • 1956 – 54,000 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
    • 1958 – 41,300 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
    • 1957 – 57,710 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
    • 1959 – 32,000 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
    • 1960 – 27,980 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
    • 1961 – 31,600 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
    • 1962 – 15,910 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
    • 1963 – 25,720 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
  • 1963: As a result of the new constitution, the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia is announced. Kosovo sees an increase in the level of self-rule.
    • 1964 – 21,530 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
    • 1965 – 19,821 Kosovars emigrated to Turkey
  • 1968 – A big wave of protests started in Kosovo and Europe (by Kosovars)
  • 1969 – 70 – The Universiteti i Prishtinës was founded
  • 1971: A higher level of autonomy is devolved to Kosovo's authorities.
  • 1974 – The Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo was formed under the Socialist Republic of Serbia
  • 1974-(81) - Xhavit Nimani was elected president of the Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo
  • 1980 – The death of Josip Broz Tito Death and funeral of Josip Broz Tito
  • 1981 (March) –Massive Albanian student protests in Prishtina Pristina, (see University of Prishtina, demanding the independence of Kosovo,
  • 1981 – Population census (1,584,441 people were registered)
  • 1981-(82) - Ali Shukriu was elected president of the Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo
  • 1982-(83) - Kolë Shiroka was elected president of the Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo
  • 1983-(85) - Shefqet Nebih Gashi was elected president of the Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo
  • 1985-(86) - Branislav Skemberavić was elected president of the Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo
  • 1986 – Slobodan Milošević became the leader of Serbia and seized control of Kosovo,
  • 1987 (24 April): As animosity between Serbs and Albanians in Kosovo had deepened during the 1980s, Slobodan Milošević was sent to address a crowd of Serbs in Kosovo Polje.
  • 1989 - Slobodan Milošević drastically reduced Kosovo’s special autonomous status within Serbia and started cultural oppression of the ethnical Albanian population
  • 1989 (June 28) - Slobodan Milošević led a mass celebration with hundreds of thousands (almost one million) Serbs in Gazimestan on the 600th anniversary of a 1389
  • 1990 (July 2) – The (self-declared) Kosovo parliament declared Kosovo a republic in Yugoslavia
  • 22 September 1991: – The (self – declared) parliament declared Kosovo an independent country, The Republic of Kosovo
  • 1992 (May) – Ibrahim Rugova was elected president, during its run the Republic of Kosovo was recognized only by Albania, it was formally disbanded in 2000 after the Kosovo War
  • 1996–1999: Clashes between the KLA and the security forces of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia intensify to become a full-scale war.
  • 1998 – The Serbian authorities were compelled to sign a cease fire and partial retreat monitored by Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE),
  • 1998 (March 5, 6, 7th) – The Jashari family was slaughtered by Serbian forces, 64 members of the Jashari family killed, including at least 24 women and children (see Attack on Prekaz),
  • 1999 (January) – Račak massacre,
  • 1999 (March 24) – NATO intervened in the war by bombing Yugoslavia
  • 10 June 1999: The Kosovo War comes to an end and Kosovo becomes a UN governed province under UNSC Resolution 1244, which is controlled by the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo.
  • 1999 (June 10) – UN Security Council passed UN Security Council Resolution 1244

21st century

Geographical map of Kosovo
Flag of Kosovo
  • 2001 – The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe OSCE supervised the first elections in the Kosovo Assembly and elected Ibrahim Rugova as president and Bajram Rexhepi as prime minister,
  • 2004 (October) – Wide Kosovo elections were held which resulted in Ramush Haradinaj becoming prime minister, while Ibrahim Rugova retained his position as president
  • 2006 (January 21) –The first president of Kosovo, Ibrahim Rugova died and was succeeded by Fatmir Sejdiu,
  • 2006 (July) - First direct talks since 1999 between ethnic Serbian and Kosovar leaders on future status of Kosovo take place in Vienna.
  • 2007 (February) - United Nations envoy Martti Ahtisaari unveils a plan to set Kosovo on a path to independence, which is immediately welcomed by Kosovo Albanians and rejected by Serbia.
  • 2007 (November 17) – Parliamentary elections were held which resulted in Hashim Thaçi becoming prime minister and Fatmir Sejdiu as president. Hashim Thaçi stated his intention to declare the independence of Kosovo
  • 2008 (February 16) - The European Union Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo is formed which slowly replaced UNMIK.
  • 2008 – (February 17), 15:39 – The Republic of Kosovo declared its independence
  • 2008 (April) – Most of the member countries of NATO, EU, WEU, OECD have recognized Kosovo as a country
  • 2009 (January 21) - Kosovo Security Force is formed, a 2,500 strong NATO trained lightly armoured Security Force.
  • 2009 (August) - Ethnic clashes break out in Kosovska Mitrovica
  • 2009 (November) - First post-independence local elections
  • 2010 (July 22) - International Court of Justice votes 10–4 in a non-binding advisory opinion that Kosovo's declaration of independence did not violate international law,
  • 2010 (September) - President Fatmir Sejdiu resigns after court rules that he breached the constitution by staying in a party post while in office,
  • 2010 (October) - Caretaker president Jakup Krasniqi calls early general election for February 2011. Fatmir Sejdiu's Democratic League of Kosovo (LDK) pulls out of governing coalition.
  • 2011 (February 22 - March 30) - Behgjet Pacolli becomes president after winning narrow majority in third round of voting in parliament. Hashim Thaçi is re-appointed as prime minister.
  • 2011 (March) - Serbia and Kosovo begin direct talks to try end their dispute - their first talks since Kosovo broke away from Serbia.
  • 2011 - President Pacolli steps down after the high court rules parliament had not been in quorum during his election. Parliament elects senior police officer Atifete Jahjaga to be Kosovo's first female president in April.
  • 2013 January - EU-mediated talks resume between Kosovo and Serbia days after parliament in Belgrade approves support for minority Serb rights within Kosovo - de-facto recognition of Kosovar sovereign territorial integrity.

References

  1. Chapman 2000, p. 239 harvnb error: no target: CITEREFChapman2000 (help)
  2. , The Cambridge ancient history: The fourth century B.C. Volume 6 of The Cambridge ancient history, Iorwerth Eiddon Stephen Edwards, ISBN 0-521-85073-8, ISBN 978-0-521-85073-5, Authors: D. M. Lewis, John Boardman, Editors: D. M. Lewis, John Boardman, Edition 2, Publisher: Cambridge University Press, 1994 ISBN 0-521-23348-8, ISBN 978-0-521-23348-4.
  3. Adams, Douglas Q. (1997). James P. Mallory (ed.). Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture. Fitzroy Dearborn. ISBN 1884964982, 9781884964985. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help)
  4. Wilson, Nigel Guy (2006). Encyclopedia Of Ancient Greece. Taylor & Francis Group. ISBN 0415973341, 9780415973342. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help)
  5. Stipčević, Aleksandar (1977). The Illyrians: history and culture History and Culture Series. ISBN 0-8155-5052-9, 978-0-8155-5052-5. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help)
  6. The Journal of Hellenic Studies by Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies. 1973. p. 79.
  7. ^ Wilkes, John J. Wilkes (1992). The Illyrians.
  8. Fanula Papazoglu, "The central Balkan tribes in pre-Roman times: Triballi, Autariatae, Dardanians, Scordisci and Moesians", ISBN 90-256-0793-4, p. 265
  9. Pannonia and Upper Moesia: a history of the middle Danube provinces of the Roman Empire, The Provinces of the Roman Empire Tome 4, ISBN 0-7100-7714-9, ISBN 978-0-7100-7714-1, 1974, p. 9
  10. ^ : "...the Triballi who were Bastarnae neighbours, and the Dardani living in their (Triballian) land."
  11. Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992,ISBN 0-631-19807-5. p. 85: "... Whether the Dardanians were an Illyrian or a Thracian people has been much debated and one view suggests that the area was originally populated with Thracians who where [sic?] then exposed to direct contact with Illyrians over a long period..."
  12. Papazoglu, p. 243
  13. Miller, Norma (2002). Tacitus: Annals I. ISBN 1-85399-358-1.
  14. Adrian Keith Goldsworthy, Ian Haynes, Colin E. P. Adams, The Roman army as a community, ISBN 1-887829-34-2, 1997, p. 100
  15. Hauptstädte in Südosteuropa: Geschichte, Funktion, nationale Symbolkraft by Harald Heppner, p. 134
  16. Velimirovic, 1985–1986, no. 3, p. 209-210
  17. Jan N. Bremmer, The apocryphal acts of Thomas, Peeters Publishers, 2001, ISBN 90-429-1070-4. p. 56
  18. J. J. Wilkes, 1992, p. 210
  19. Ronald Syme, Anthony Richard Birley: The provincial at Rome: and, Rome and the Balkans 80BC-AD14, p. 131
  20. ^ Robert Elsie: Historical Dictionary of Kosovo, p. 61
  21. J.B. Bury, The Cambridge Medieval History volumes 1-5, p. 237
  22. The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites,"ULPIANA (Gračanica) Yugoslavia.
  23. Wolfram, Herwig; Dunlap, Thomas J. (1990). History of the Goths. University of California Press. p. 269. ISBN 0-520-06983-8.: "... Along the way the cities of Castrum Herculis-Kurvingrad Clisura, Ulpiana- Lipljan, Stobi near Gradsko, and Heraclea-Bitola, fell into his hands. ..."
  24. ^ Evans, 1883, p. 63
  25. A History of the Later Roman Empire, AD 284–641: The Transformation of the Ancient World (Blackwell History of the Ancient World) by Stephen Mitchell, ISBN 1-4051-0856-8,2006,page 363,"... Procopius claimed that Justinian also improved the city walls of Ulpiana (modern Ljubljana), Serdica, Naissus, and Pautalia, and refurbished the forts ..."
  26. Evans, 1883, p. 137
  27. Hupchick, Dennis P. The Balkans: From Constantinople to Communism. Palgrave Macmillan, 2004. ISBN 1-4039-6417-3
  28. Fine, 1991, p. 31
  29. Janković Đorđe N., On the church of Raška in pre-Nemanjić times, Glasnik Srpskog arheološkog društva 2004, vol. 21, iss. 20, pp. 63–80, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philosophy
  30. "Article". doiSerbia. doi:10.2298/STA0252171M. Retrieved 20 October 2011.
  31. Constantine Porphyrogenitus de Administrando Imperio, ed. Gyula Moravcsik, p. 161
  32. Relja Novakovic, Gde se nalazila Srbija od VII do X veka (Where Serbia was situated from the 7th to 10th centuries) , pp. 61–63.
  33. Vojislav Korac, "Architecture In Medieval Serbia", Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
  34. Stephenson, Paul (2000). Byzantium's Balkan frontier: a political study of the Northern Balkans. p. 167. ISBN 900-1204. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: length (help)
  35. Fine, 1991, p. 225
  36. The Serbs, p. 31
  37. István Vásáry, Cumans and Tatars: Oriental military in the pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185–1365, p. 100-101
  38. Serbia: the history behind the name, p. 11
  39. Radivoje Ljubinković, The Church of the Apostles in the Patriarchate of Peć, p. viii
  40. Fine (1994). p. 309. {{cite book}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  41. Fine, John Van Antwerp (1994). The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. University of Michigan Press. p. 309. ISBN 978-0-472-08260-5.
  42. Михаило Милинковић, „New archeological excavation of St. Archangel complex near Prizren“ (in Serbian).
  43. Fine, 1994, p. 325–326
  44. Fine, 1994, p. 380
  45. J. Jovanovic, Stvaranje Crnogorske Drzave i Razvoj Crnogorske Nacionalnosti, Obod, Cetinje 1947, p. 36)
  46. Warrander 2011, p. 196
  47. Milinković 1996, pp. 208–219 harvnb error: no target: CITEREFMilinković1996 (help)
  48. ^ "Komuna-prizreni.org". Komuna-prizreni.org. Retrieved 20 October 2011.
  49. "Medresetë E Prizrenit". Zeri Islam.com. Retrieved 20 October 2011.
  50. "Kosova' da Turk Kulturu". Scribd.com. 15 July 2009. Retrieved 20 October 2011.
  51. (para 2 muajve). "Prizren – Cities and Places – Kosovo". KosovoGuide. Retrieved 20 October 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  52. http://www.rastko.net/mnemosyne-2003/28_fr_index.pdf
  53. Igla;Boretzky;Thomas, Birgit;Norbert;Stolz (24 October 2001). Was ich noch sagen wollte. Akademie Verlag. p. 43. ISBN 978-3-05-003652-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  54. see picture here http://www.shqiperia.com/foto/albums/prizreni/mustafa_pasha.jpg
  56. Kosovo; by Gail Warrander, Verena Knaus, p. 200
  57. ^ Selim Islami (1969). Historia e Popullit Shqiptar (Përgatitur nga një kolektiv punonjësish shkencorë të sektorëve të historisë së kohës së lashtë dhe të kohës së mesme) (in Albanian) (II ed.). {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  58. "Komuna Prizren – Komuna Prishtine". Kk.rks-gov.net. Retrieved 20 October 2011.
  59. http://seeheritage.org/see-heritage-network-materials/doc_download/22-prizreni-ne-retrovizore.html
  60. "Kosovo Roma Oral History Project: Additional Reports". Balkanproject.org. Retrieved 20 October 2011.
  61. "Roma Oral Histories". Balkanproject.org. Retrieved 20 October 2011.
  62. "History". Xhamiakokonozit.com. Retrieved 20 October 2011.
  63. Islami, Selim (1984). Historia e Shqiperise. p. 134.
  64. Balázs Trencsényi, Michal Kopeček (ed.). Discourses of Collective Identity in Central and Southeast Europe ..., Volume 2.
  65. A History of the Modern Middle East: 4th Edition. Westview Press. 2009. p. 82. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  66. "The Tanzimat (final)" (PDF).
  67. Vickers, Miranda (1999). The Albanians: a modern history, Edition 3, revised, illustrated, reprint. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 1-86064-541-0.
  68. Schmitt;Frantz, Oliver Jens;Eva Anne (2009). Albanische Geschichte: Stand und Perspektiven der Forschung Volume 140 of Südosteuropäische Arbeiten. Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag. p. 168. ISBN 3-486-58980-6,978-3-486-58980-1. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  69. Historia e Shqipërisë. Vëllim i dytë / Instituti i historisë Akademia e Shkencave e RPS të Shqipërisë. Tiranë, Akademia e Shkencave e RPS të Shqipërisë. 1984. p. 127.
  70. ^ Aleks Buda, Kristo Frashëri, (1979). Historia e Popullit Shqiptar II (Përgatitur nga një kolektiv punonjësish shkencorë të sektorëve të historisë të Institutit të Historisë dhe të Gjuhësisë. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  71. Maloy;Hershey, Frank;Amos. The Austrian occupation of Novibazar, Handbook for diplomatic history of Europe, Asia and Africa.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  72. Hungary: Central European University Press. ISBN 963-7326-52-9.
  73. "Vincent Ferraro. The Austrian Occupation of Novibazar, 1878-09 (based on: Anderson, Frank Maloy and Amos Shartle Hershey, Handbook for the Diplomatic History of Europe, Asia, and Africa 1870-1914. National Board for Historical Service. Government Printing Office, Washington, 1918".
  74. Elsie, Robert. "1878 The Resolutions of the League of Prizren".
  75. Elsie, Robert. p. 148 http://books.google.com/books?id=pgf6GWJxuZgC&pg=PA148. {{cite book}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  76. Elsie, Robert. "1912 Aubrey Herbert: A Meeting with Isa Boletini".
  77. Malcolm, Noel (1999). Kosovo: A Short History. Harper Perennial. p. 226. ISBN 978-0-06-097775-7.
  78. ^ "Albania 1878-1912".
  79. ^ Elsie, Robert (2004). Historical Dictionary of Kosova. The Scarecrow Press. p. 63. ISBN 0-8108-5309-4.
  80. Gawrych, George. The Crescent and the Eagle: Ottoman Rule, Islam and the Albanians, 1874-1913. p. 125.
  81. Elsie, Robert. Historical Dictionary Of Kosovo.
  82. Jaques, Tony. Dictionary of Battles and Sieges.
  83. Pollo, Stefanaq (1983). The Proclamation of Independence of Albania. 8 Nëntori.
  84. Vickers, Miranda (1999). I.B.Tauris. p. 91. ISBN 978-1-86064-541-9 http://books.google.com/books?id=IzI0uOZ2j6gC. {{cite book}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  85. ^ Bajrami, Hakif (2001). Kosova, Njëzetë shekuj të identitetit të saj, (Argumente Historike). Era. pp. 83, 84, 85, 87, 88.
  86. ^ Elsie, Robert. A Biographical Dictionary of Albanian History.
  87. Elsie. p. 93. {{cite book}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  88. Tomasevich, Jozo (1975). War and Revolution in Yugoslavia, 1941–1945: The Chetniks. San Francisco: Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-0857-6.
  89. Tomašević, Jozo. War and Revolution in Yugoslavia, 1941-1945: Occupation and Collaboration. p. http://books.google.com/books?id=fqUSGevFe5MC&pg=PA153&dq=second+league+of+prizren&hl=en&sa=X&ei=QQwqUdiKLs74sgasoYGoDQ&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=second%20league%20of%20prizren&f=false.
  90. Elsie, Robert. . p. 137. {{cite book}}: Check |url= value (help)
  91. Clark, Howard (2000). . p. 29. {{cite book}}: Check |url= value (help)
  92. "Konferenca e Bujanit" (in Albanian).
  93. "University of Prishtina" (in Albanian).
  94. ^ Elsie, Robert. Historical Dictionary Of Kosovo.
  95. "Encyclopædia Britannica Online".
  96. Mertus, Julie. Kosovo: How Myths and Truths Started a War. p. 29,30,31,32.
  97. "Context of 'March 1981 and after: Kosovo Communist Leadership Blamed for Demonstrations'".
  98. "Presidential candidate for Serbian LC named; Source: Belgrade home service 1800 gmt 21 February 1986". BBC Summary of World Broadcasts. 27 February 1986, Thursday. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  99. "BBC Summary of World Broadcasts". 30 May 1986, Friday. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  100. Rogel, Carole (September 2003). International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society. pp. 167–82. ISBN 0891-4486 (Print) 1573-3416 (Online). {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help)CS1 maint: year (link)
  101. "Slobodan Milosevich's Kosovo Polje Speech June 28, 1989".
  102. "Slobodan Milosevic, 64, Former Yugoslav Leader Accused of War Crimes, Dies".
  103. ^ Malcolm, Noel. Kosovo: A Short History. p. 346.
  104. "Yugoslavia Human Rights Abuses in Kosovo".
  105. Rogel, Carole. "Kosovo: Where It All Began. International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society, Vol. 17".
  106. "VIOLATIONS OF THE RULES OF WAR BY GOVERNMENT FORCES".
  107. "Under Orders (Human Rights Watch)".
  108. "Reconsidering Rambouillet".
  109. "Frontline. PBS".
  110. "Human Rights in Kosovo: As Seen, As Told. Volume I, October 1998 - June 1999".
  111. "NATO's role in relation to the conflict in Kosovo".
  112. "Relations between the EU and Kosovo under UN Security Council Resolution 1244/99".
  113. "Konacni Rezultati Kosovskih Izbor".
  114. "Bajram Rexhepi Prime Minister of Kosovo".
  115. Warrander;Knaus, Gail;Verena (2010). Kosovo (Second Edition).{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  116. "Profile: Ramush Haradinaj".
  117. "Kosovo leader Ibrahim Rugova dies".
  118. "H.E. Dr. Fatmir Sejdiu".
  119. ^ "BBC Timeline: Kosovo, A chronology of key events".
  120. "Two Kosovo Parties To Form Government".
  121. "UN Security Council greenlights Kosovo plan".
  122. "What is EULEX".
  123. "Serbia, Russia fury as Kosovo independence draws near".
  124. "The identity of the authors of the declaration of independence, ICJ ruling, par.102-109" (PDF).
  125. "Republic of Kosovo".
  126. "Kosovo, CIA World Factbook".
  127. "Kosovo's security force launched".
  128. "Kosovo Timeline".
  129. "Kosovo, (IFES Election Guide)".
  130. "Kosovo's declaration of independence did not violate international law – UN court".
  131. "World Court Rules Kosovo Declaration Was Legal".
  132. "Accordance with international law of the unilateral declaration of independence in respect of Kosovo, Summary of the Advisory Opinion" (PDF).
  133. "Kosovo president resigns over breach of constitution".
  134. "Kosovo president resigns".
  135. "BBC Timeline".

See also

Categories: