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| {{About|the municipality in West Bengal, India|its namesake district|Jalpaiguri district}} | |||
| {{multiple issues| | |||
| {{POV|date=December 2013}} | |||
| {{cleanup|reason=for adhering to MOS|date=December 2013}} | |||
| {{original research|date=December 2013}} | |||
| {{peacock|date=December 2013}} | |||
| {{refimprove|date=December 2013}} | |||
| }} | |||
| {{Infobox settlement | |||
| | name = Jalpaiguri | |||
| | native_name = | |||
| | native_name_lang = | |||
| | other_name = | |||
| | nickname = | |||
| | settlement_type = City | |||
| | image_skyline = | |||
| | image_alt = | |||
| | image_caption = | |||
| | pushpin_map = India West Bengal | |||
| | pushpin_label_position = | |||
| | pushpin_map_alt = | |||
| | pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India | |||
| | latd = 26.52 | |||
| | latm = | |||
| | lats = | |||
| | latNS = N | |||
| | longd = 88.73 | |||
| | longm = | |||
| | longs = | |||
| | longEW = E | |||
| | coordinates_display = inline,title | |||
| | subdivision_type = Country | |||
| | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | |||
| | subdivision_type1 = ] | |||
| | subdivision_name1 = ] | |||
| | subdivision_type2 = ] | |||
| | subdivision_name2 = ] | |||
| | established_title = <!-- Established --> | |||
| | established_date = | |||
| | founder = | |||
| | named_for = | |||
| | government_type = Municipality | |||
| | governing_body = Jalpaiguri Municipality | |||
| | leader_title = Chairman | |||
| | leader_name = Mohan Bose | |||
| | unit_pref = Metric | |||
| | area_footnotes = | |||
| | area_rank = | |||
| | area_total_km2 = 70.29 | |||
| | elevation_footnotes = | |||
| | elevation_m = 89 | |||
| | population_total = 169013 | |||
| | population_as_of = 2011 | |||
| | population_rank = | |||
| | population_density_km2 = 1426 | |||
| | population_demonym = | |||
| | population_footnotes = | |||
| | demographics_type1 = Languages | |||
| | demographics1_title1 = Official | |||
| | demographics1_info1 = ], ], ], ] | |||
| | timezone1 = ] | |||
| | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | |||
| | postal_code_type = ] | |||
| | postal_code = 735 101 | |||
| | area_code_type = Telephone code | |||
| | area_code = 03561 | |||
| | registration_plate = WB-71 WB-72 | |||
| | blank1_name_sec1 = ] constituency | |||
| | blank1_info_sec1 = ] | |||
| | blank2_name_sec1 = ] constituency | |||
| | blank2_info_sec1 = ], ] | |||
| | website = {{URL|jalpaiguri.gov.in/}} | |||
| | footnotes = | |||
| }} | |||
| '''Jalpaiguri''' (Pron: ˌʤælpaɪˈgʊəri) ({{lang-bn|জলপাইগুড়ি}} '']'') is a city in the state of ], ]. It is the headquarters of ], and the divisional headquarters of the ] region. | |||
| == History == | |||
| The name of the city Jalpaiguri actually comes from the Bhutanese term je-le-pe-gu-ri meaning a place where warm clothes are traded, suggesting a trading center.<ref>{{cite book|last=Gupta|first=Om|title=Encyclopaedia of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh|year=2007|publisher=Isha Books|isbn=978-8182053892|page=1086}}</ref> Another suggestion is that it is from the word Jalpai meaning olive, and Guri meaning place.<ref>{{cite book|last=Raha|first=Manis Kumar|title=Matriliny to Patriliny: A Study of the Rabha Society|year=1989|publisher=Gian Publishing House|page=22}}</ref> Jalpaiguri once had many olive trees. With time, Jalpaiguri emerged as the most important city next to Siliguri in ]. Lying just 42 kilometres away from ], it is the ] to ]. Jalpaiguri is the largest city and is presently the headquarters of the ] and also the headquarters of the ], comprising all districts of ]. | |||
| ==Geography== | |||
| ]]] | |||
| Jalpaiguri is located at {{coord|26.52|N|88.73|E|}}.<ref></ref> It has an average elevation of 75 metres (246 feet). Jalpaiguri lies in the middle of the vast fertile plains(])south of the ],watered by innumerable rivers and rivulets rising from and flowing down the Himalayas.On a clear sunny day,] is visible from the city itself.The city lies on the banks of the ] river which is the second largest river in ] after the ].A mass flood in 1968 nearly flattened out the city and huge spurs had to be built and the river diverted to some km. outside the city to avoid the same carnage as it caused. Other than the ], the Karala river, nicknamed the "''Thames of Jalpaiguri''", flows through the city thereby bisecting it into two halves. | |||
| ==Climate== | |||
| The ] of Jalpaiguri experiences three seasons mainly, namely Summer; Monsoons and Winter. | |||
| Summers are tropical and quite hot with temperatures ranging in the mid-thirties.The highest recorded temperature in Jalpaiguri is 42.5 degree Celsius. Monsoons are very severe with the ] experiencing high amount of rainfall, sometimes stalling all life and activities. Winters are again quite severe and chilly, with the cold ]n winds blowing straight into the city. Temperatures are around 8 to 14 degrees Celsius during this period. The lowest recorded temperature in ] is 1.2 degree Celsius. (citation needed) | |||
| ==Urbanization== | |||
| In the 2011 census, ] ] had a population of approximately more than 3,03,874; out of which 1,53,564 were males and 1,50,310 were females. The 0–6 years population was 76,526. Effective literacy rate for the 8+ population was 91.25 per cent.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf | title = Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above |work= Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 | publisher = |accessdate = 2011-10-21 }}</ref> | |||
| {{see also|List of cities in West Bengal}} | |||
| {{As of|2001}} India ],<ref>{{GR|India}}</ref> Jalpaiguri had a population of 2,30,145. Males constitute 50% of the population and females 50%. Jalpaiguri has an average literacy rate of 91%, higher than the national average of 79.5%:male literacy is 91%, and female literacy is 89%. In ],34% of the population is under 6 years of age. | |||
| ==Civic administration== | |||
| Administration is the responsibility of the Jalpaiguri city Municipality, the 5th oldest in West Bengal after that of ], ], ] and ]. Setup in 1885, it is headed by a Chairman who is elected by the all residents of the ]. It has quite about 40 wards, from where the councilors are elected. Presently the Communist Party of India (Marxist) is in power of this municipal body. The current Municipal Chairman is Mr. Mohan Bose. The responsibility of the welfare of the city and maintenance of public properties lies in its hands. | |||
| Presently,the ] Railway Station lying just 38 km. from the city which is the largest station in ] & the 3rd in the ] after ] and ], is shared by Jalpaiguri along with ]. | |||
| == Notable residents == | |||
| *] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ], renowned fiction writer in English | |||
| * ], famous Bengali author of novels like Uttoradhikar, Kalpurush, Kaalbela, etc. | |||
| * ], renowned football player and coach who represented India at the international level. | |||
| * ], Bengali actress | |||
| * ], Senior Cabinet Minister government of West Bengal, Member of Parliament, President Indian Political Science Association | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{Reflist}} | |||
| ==External links== | |||
| * {{Wikivoyage-inline|Jalpaiguri}} | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| {{Jalpaiguri district}} | |||
| {{Jalpaiguri topics}} | |||
| {{Municipalities of West Bengal}} | |||
| ] | |||