| Revision as of 18:45, 19 January 2014 view sourceMonkbot (talk | contribs)Bots3,695,952 editsm →Appearance: Fix CS1 deprecated date parameter errors← Previous edit | Revision as of 18:43, 9 February 2014 view source 93.142.185.245 (talk) ←Replaced content with 'Gruzijci -Gruzija ~ 3.990.000 -Turska do 1.000.000 milijona -Rusija 156,000-900,000 -Izrael-(Gruzijski židovi)-70000-200000 -Sjedinjene Američke Države- o...'Tag: blankingNext edit → | ||
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| Gruzijci | |||
| {{Distinguish|Demographics of Georgia (U.S. state)}} | |||
| -Gruzija ~ 3.990.000 | |||
| {{See also|Demographics of Georgia (country)}} | |||
| -Turska do 1.000.000 milijona | |||
| {{Infobox ethnic group | |||
| -Rusija 156,000-900,000 | |||
| | group = Georgians <br>{{nobold|]}} <br>''Kartvelebi'' | |||
| -Izrael-(Gruzijski židovi)-70000-200000 | |||
| | image = | |||
| -Sjedinjene Američke Države- oko 200.000 | |||
| {{image array|perrow=5|width=55|height=65 | |||
| -Iran-~60.000 | |||
| | image1 = ფარნავაზი (crop).jpg| caption1 = ] | |||
| -Ukrajna-34.000 | |||
| | image2 = ფარსმან ქველი (crop).jpg| caption2 = ] | |||
| -Grčka~24.000 | |||
| | image3 = Peter the iberian.jpg| caption3 = ] | |||
| -Kanada- ~2400 | |||
| | image4 = Wachtang I. Gorgassali.jpg| caption4 = ] | |||
| -Mexiko- 1000 | |||
| | image5 = David III of Tao.jpg| caption5 = ] | |||
| -Azerbajđan oko 10000 | |||
| | image6 = თორნიკე ერისთავი.jpg| caption6 = ] | |||
| -Armenija- ~1000 | |||
| | image7 = Bagrat III Unifier (crop).png| caption7 = ] | |||
| -Australija najviše 500 | |||
| | image8 = Maria of Alania (crop).jpg| caption8 = ] | |||
| -Estonija- ~500 | |||
| | image9 = David IV (crop).jpg| caption9 = ] | |||
| | image10 = Shota Rustaveli (photo).jpg| caption10 = ] | |||
| | image11 = Queen Tamar (crop).jpg| caption11 = ] | |||
| | image12 = წმ. ქეთევან დედოფალი.JPG| caption12 = ] | |||
| | image13 = Vakhtang VI of Kartli (Eastern Georgia).jpg| caption13 = ] | |||
| | image14 = David Guramishvili - დავით გურამიშვილი (1705 – 1792).jpg| caption14 = ] | |||
| | image15 = Erekle II (face).jpg| caption15 = ] | |||
| | image16 = Besiki (crop).png| caption16 = ] | |||
| | image17 = Prince Pyotr Bagration.JPG| caption17 = ] | |||
| | image18 = Nino Dadiani, Princess of Samegrelo.jpg| caption18 = ] | |||
| | image19 = Екатерина Чавчавадзе Дадиани.jpg| caption19 = ] | |||
| | image20 = Iliachavchavadze.jpg| caption20 = ] | |||
| | image21 = Nikolos Nikoladze, pro-Western Georgian enlightener and publicist.jpg| caption21 = ] | |||
| | image22 = Niko Pirosmani (crop).jpg| caption22 = ] | |||
| | image23 = Stalin.jpg| caption23 = ] | |||
| | image24 = Mary Eristavi (crop).jpg| caption24 = ] | |||
| | image25 = Konstantine Gamsakhurdia.jpg| caption25 = ] | |||
| | image26 = George Balanchine portrait taken by Tanaquil LeClerq.jpg| caption26 = ] | |||
| | image27 = Ilia II.jpg| caption27 = ] | |||
| | image28 = Katie Melua em Cascais.jpg| caption28 = ] | |||
| | image29 = Zaza Pachulia.jpg| caption29 = ] | |||
| | image30 = Khatia4-1.jpg| caption30 = ] | |||
| }} | |||
| | population = 5 ~ 7 million | |||
| | popplace = {{flag|Georgia}} 3,956,000<ref name=cia>{{cite web|title=CIA World Factbook:Georgia|author=Central Intelligence Agency of United States|publisher=The World Factbook (CIA)|date=May 17, 2011|accessdate=May 27, 2011|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gg.html}}</ref> | |||
| | region1 = {{flagcountry|Russia}} | |||
| | pop1 = 157,803-900,000<ref>{{ru icon}} </ref><ref>{{ge icon}} ''State Ministry on Diaspora Issues of Georgia''</ref> | |||
| | pop3 = 250,000 | |||
| | region3 = {{flagicon|European Union}} ] | |||
| | pop4 = 100,000<ref>{{ge icon}} ''State Ministry on Diaspora Issues of Georgia''</ref> | |||
| | region4 = {{flagcountry|USA}} | |||
| | pop5 = 60,000-100,000<ref>{{ge icon}} ''State Ministry on Diaspora Issues of Georgia''</ref><ref></ref> | |||
| | region5 = {{flagcountry|Iran}} | |||
| | pop6 = 72,000<ref></ref> | |||
| | region6 = {{flagcountry|Israel}} | |||
| | region7 = {{flagcountry|Turkey}} | |||
| | pop7 = 91,500-1,500,000<ref name=Ethnologue></ref><ref></ref> | |||
| | region8 = {{flagcountry|Ukraine}} | |||
| | pop8 = 34,199<ref></ref> | |||
| | region9 = {{flagcountry|Greece}} | |||
| | pop9 = 23,159-300,000<ref></ref><ref>{{ge icon}} ''State Ministry on Diaspora Issues of Georgia''</ref> | |||
| | region10 = {{flagcountry|Brazil}} | |||
| | pop10 = 20,750 | |||
| | region11 = {{flagcountry|Italy}} | |||
| | pop11 = 12,670 | |||
| | region12 = {{flagcountry|United Kingdom}} | |||
| | pop12 = 12,000<ref>{{ge icon}} ''State Ministry on Diaspora Issues of Georgia''</ref> | |||
| | region13 = {{flagcountry|Azerbaijan}} | |||
| | pop13 = 9,900<ref></ref> | |||
| | region14 = {{flagcountry|Kazakhstan}} | |||
| | pop14 = 4,990<ref></ref> | |||
| | region15 = {{flagcountry|Singapore}} | |||
| | pop15 = 3,500 | |||
| | region16 = {{flagcountry|France}} | |||
| | pop16 = 2,500 | |||
| | region17 = {{flagcountry|Canada}} | |||
| | pop17 = 2,200<ref></ref> | |||
| | region18 = {{flag|Belarus}} | |||
| | pop18 = 2,400<ref>{{ru icon}} </ref> | |||
| | region19 = {{flagcountry|Latvia}} | |||
| | pop19 = 1,172<ref>{{lv icon}} </ref> | |||
| | region20 = {{flag|Argentina}} | |||
| | pop20 = 1,050 | |||
| | region21 = {{flag|Mexico}} | |||
| | pop21 = 1,000 | |||
| | region22 = {{flagcountry|Armenia}} | |||
| | pop22 = 974<ref></ref> | |||
| | region23 = {{flag|Australia}} | |||
| | pop23 = ~500<ref></ref> | |||
| | languages = ] and other ] | |||
| | religions =Predominantly ] since 324 AD<br>(]) <br>Minority: ], ] | |||
| }} | |||
| {{Georgians}} | |||
| '''Georgians''' or '''Georgian people''' ({{lang-ka|ქართველები}}, '']'' {{IPA-ka|kʰɑrtʰvɛlɛbi|}}) are ] ] that are indigenous to ], where they constitute a majority of the population. Large Georgian communities are also present throughout ], the ], ] and ]. | |||
| The majority of Georgians are ] and most follow the national ] ], which originated in the 4th century. There are also Georgian ] and ] communities in ] and ]. | |||
| A complex process of nation formation has resulted in a diverse set of geographic subgroups, each with its characteristic traditions, manners, ] and, in the case of ] and ], language. The ], with its ] and extensive written tradition going back to the 5th century, is the ] of Georgia as well as the language of literacy and education of all Georgians living in the country. Georgian, ] and ], together with ] spoken by the related ] form the ] family. | |||
| Located in ] at the southeastern edge of ], the Georgian people have fought to protect their Christian identity in the face of immense pressure from the neighboring Muslim empires. By the early 11th century they formed a unified ] which emerged as a dominant regional power until it was weakened by the ] of the ] conqueror ] and by internal divisions following the death of ], the last of the great ]. To ensure its survival as a ], the country forged an alliance with the ], which was viewed as a replacement for the fallen ], Georgia's traditional ally. Eventually being ] by Russia in 1801, Georgians briefly regained national independence ], and finally, in 1991 from the ]. | |||
| ==Etymology== | |||
| Georgians call themselves ''Kartvelebi'' (ქართველები), their land ''Sakartvelo'' (საქართველო), and their language ''Kartuli'' (ქართული). According to ], the ancestor of the ] was ], the great grandson of the ] ]. ] (], ], ], ], etc.) and ] (], ], etc.) referred to western Georgians as ] and eastern Georgians as ].<ref>Braund, David. Georgia in Antiquity: A History of Colchis and Transcaucasian Iberia, 550 BC-AD 562, pp. 17-18</ref> | |||
| ==Origins== | |||
| Most historians and scholars of Georgia as well as anthropologists, archaeologists and linguists tend to agree that the ancestors of modern Georgians inhabited the southern ] and northern ] since the ].<ref>The Georgians, David Marshal Lang, p 19</ref> Scholars usually refer to them as Proto-Kartvelian (Proto-Georgians such as Colchians and Iberians) tribes.<ref>The Georgians, David Marshal Lang, p 66</ref> Some European historians of the 19th century (e.g., ] and ]) as well as Georgian scholars (R. Gordeziani, ] and ]) came to the conclusion that Proto-Kartvelians might be related linguistically and culturally to the ] (pre-]) peoples of ancient Europe including the ], ] and Proto-]. | |||
| The Georgian people in antiquity have been known to the ] and ] as ] and ].<ref>Georgia A Sovereign Country of the Caucasus, Roger Rosen, p 18</ref><ref>The Making of the Georgian Nation, Ronald Grigor Suny, p.4</ref> East Georgian tribes of Tibarenians-Iberians formed their kingdom in 7th century ]. However, western Georgian tribes (], ], ] and others) established the first Georgian state of ] (circa 1350 BCE) before the foundation of the ] in the east.<ref name="Cyril Toumanoff p 80">Cyril Toumanoff, Studies in Christian Caucasian History, p 80</ref> According to the numerous scholars of Georgia, the formations of these two early Georgian kingdoms of Colchis and Iberia, resulted in the consolidation and uniformity of the Georgian nation.<ref>Cyril Toumanoff, Studies in Christian Caucasian History, p 58</ref> | |||
| Proto-Georgian Kingdoms/peoples: | |||
| *The ancient Jewish chronicle by ] mentions Georgians as Iberes who were also called Thobel (Tubal).<ref>The Complete Works, Jewish Antiquities, Josephus, Book 1, p 57</ref> | |||
| *] in ]n sources and ] in Greek. Lived in the northeastern part of ], a region that was part of Georgia. This ancient tribe is considered by many scholars as ancestors of the Georgians. The Georgians of today still refer to this region, which now belongs to present-day ], as ], an ancient Georgian kingdom. Some people there still speak the Georgian language.<ref>The Georgians, David Marshal Lang, p 58</ref> | |||
| * ] in the ancient western Georgian Kingdom of ]. First mentioned in the Assyrian annals of ] and in the annals of ] king Sarduri II. Also included western Georgian tribe of the ].<ref name="Cyril Toumanoff p 80"/><ref>The Georgians, David Marshal Lang, p 59</ref> | |||
| * ] also known as Tiberians or Tiberanians, in the eastern Georgian Kingdom of ].<ref name="Cyril Toumanoff p 80"/> | |||
| Both Colchians and ] played an important role in the ethnic and cultural formation of the modern Georgian nation.<ref>Charles Burney and David Marshal Lang, The Peoples of the Hills: Ancient Ararat and Caucasus, p. 38</ref><ref>Cyril Toumanoff, Studies in Christian Caucasian History, p 57</ref> | |||
| According to the scholar of the Caucasian studies ]: | |||
| {{cquote2|Colchis appears as the first Caucasian State to have achieved the coalescence of the newcomer, Colchis can be justly regarded as not a proto-Georgian, but a Georgian (West Georgian) kingdom ... It would seem natural to seek the beginnings of Georgian social history in Colchis, the earliest Georgian formation.<ref name=CToumanoff>CToumanoff. Cyril Toumanoff, Studies in Christian Caucasian History, p 69,84</ref>}} | |||
| ==Appearance== | |||
| ] (1888 -1900)]] | |||
| Georgians are of ]<ref>Blumenbach , De generis humani varietate nativa (3rd ed. 1795), trans. Bendyshe (1865). Quoted e.g. in Arthur Keith, Blumenbach's Centenary, Man, Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland (1940).</ref> and often have brown hair and brown eyes.<ref>''The New Book of Knowledge'' — Grolier, Encyclopedia G. Article: GEORGIA, Republic of, By Alec Rasizade</ref> | |||
| The Georgian skull the German anthropologist ] discovered in 1795, he used to hypothesize origination of ] from the ]. He wrote: | |||
| {{cquote2|Caucasian variety - I have taken the name of this variety from Mount Caucasus, both because its neighborhood, and especially its southern slope, produces the most beautiful race of men, I mean the ''Georgian''; and because all physiological reasons converge to this, that in that region, if anywhere, it seems we ought with the greatest probability to place the autochthones (birth place) of mankind.<ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref>}} | |||
| Georgians who have historically lived in alpine areas of less sunny western Georgia, especially ] and ] tend to have lighter features, with higher frequency of blond hair and light blue or green eyes. | |||
| Studies of human genetics suggest that Georgians have the highest percentage of ] among the general population recorded in any country.<ref name="Battaglia2009">{{cite journal |author=Battaglia V, Fornarino S, Al-Zahery N, ''et al.'' |title=Y-chromosomal evidence of the cultural diffusion of agriculture in southeast Europe |journal=European Journal of Human Genetics |volume=17 |issue=6 |pages=820–30 |date=June 2009 |pmid=19107149 |doi=10.1038/ejhg.2008.249 |pmc=2947100}}</ref> Georgians' ] also belongs to ], also found in ] and ].<ref>Sajantila, Aantti "DNA Diversity in Europe" Department of Human Molecular Genetics, National Public Health Institute. Helsinki, Finland:2009</ref> | |||
| ==Culture== | |||
| {{Main|Culture of Georgia (country)}} | |||
| ===Language and linguistic subdivisions=== | |||
| ] is the primary language for Georgians of all provenance, including those who speak other ] languages: ]s, ]s and the ]. The language known today as ] is a traditional language of the eastern part of the country which has spread to most of the present-day Georgia after the post-Christianization centralization in the first millennium AD, today Georgians regardless of their ancestral region use Georgian as their official language. The regional languages ] and ] are languages of the west that were traditionally spoken in the pre-Christian ], but later lost importance as the unified ] emerged. Their decline is largely due to the capital of the unified kingdom, ], being in the eastern part of the country known as ] effectively making the language of the east an official language of the Georgian monarch. | |||
| All of these languages comprise the ] along with the related language of the ], which has speakers in both Turkey and Georgia. | |||
| ] include ]an, ]-]an, ]n, ], ]an (in Turkey), ]an, ]an, ] (in ]), ], ], ], ]an, ] in ] and ], ]an, ]an and ]an dialect. | |||
| ===Religion=== | |||
| {{main|Religion in Georgia (country)}} | |||
| ], The Cathedral of the Dormition, built during the reign of King ], one of Georgia's most significant medieval religious buildings returned to its original state in 2012.]] | |||
| According to Orthodox tradition, ] was first preached in Georgia by the ] Simon and Andrew in the 1st century. It became the state religion of ] in 337.<ref name="Toumanoff1963">], "Iberia between Chosroid and Bagratid Rule", in ''Studies in Christian Caucasian History'', Georgetown, 1963, pp. 374-377. Accessible online at </ref><ref name="Rapp2007">{{cite book|last=Rapp|first=Stephen H., Jr|title=The Blackwell Companion to Eastern Christianity|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=fWp9JA3aBvcC&pg=PA137|accessdate=11 May 2012|year=2007|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-4443-3361-9|page=138|chapter=7 - Georgian Christianity}}</ref> The conversion of Kartli to Christianity is credited to ] of ]. The Georgians' new faith, which replaced ] and ] beliefs, allied them permanently with the ], while placing them on the front line of conflict between the Christian and Islamic worlds. As was true elsewhere, the Christian church in Georgia was crucial to the development of a written language, and most of the earliest written works were religious texts. ] Georgian culture was greatly influenced by ] and the ], which promoted and often sponsored the creation of many works of religious devotion. These included churches and monasteries, works of art such as ]s, and ] of Georgian saints. | |||
| Today, 83.9% of the Georgian population, most of whom are ethnic Georgian, follow Eastern Orthodox Christianity.<ref></ref> However, many Georgians nominally identify themselves with Orthodox Christianity for traditional, cultural and historical reasons, with an estimated quarter of the population stating that religion does not necessarily play an important role in their day-to-day life.<ref>], , Question:"Does religion occupy an important place in your life?" with possible answers of "Yes" and "No".</ref> Additionally, as of 2010, only 32% of the country's population attended religious services, suggesting strong secular influences.<ref>], , Question:"Have you attended a place of worship or religious service within the past 7 days?" with possible answers of "Yes" and "No".</ref> | |||
| A sizable Georgian ] population exists in ]. This autonomous Republic borders ], and was part of the ] for a longer amount of time than other parts of the country. Those Georgian Muslims practice the ] ] form of Islam. Islam has however declined in Adjara during the 20th century, due to Soviet anti-religious policies, cultural integration with the national Orthodox majority, and strong missionary efforts by the Georgian Orthodox Church.<ref>Thomas Liles, "Islam and religious transformation in Adjara", ECMI Working Paper, February 2012, , accessed June 4, 2012</ref> Islam remains a dominant identity only in the eastern, rural parts of the Republic. In the early modern period, converted Georgian recruits were often used by the Persian and Ottoman Empires for elite military units such as the ] and ]. The small ] in Turkey is also Sunni Muslim. | |||
| ===Cuisine=== | |||
| ]'' and ] making a toast. Painting by ].]] | |||
| The ] is specific to the country, but also contains some influences from other ], as well as those from the surrounding ]. Each historical province of Georgia has its own distinct culinary tradition, such as Megrelian, Kakhetian, and Imeretian cuisines. In addition to various ] dishes, Georgian cuisine also offers a variety of ] meals. | |||
| The importance of both food and drink to ] is best observed during a Caucasian feast, or '']'', when a huge assortment of dishes is prepared, always accompanied by large amounts of ], and dinner can last for hours. In a Georgian feast, the role of the '']'' (toastmaster) is an important and honoured position. | |||
| In countries of the former ], Georgian food is popular due to the immigration of Georgians to other Soviet republics, in particular ]. In Russia all major cities have many Georgian restaurants and Russian restaurants often feature Georgian food items on their menu.<ref>{{cite book |title=Food Culture In Russia And Central Asia |last=Mack |first=Glenn R. |authorlink= |coauthors=Surina, Asele |year=2005 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |location= |isbn=0-313-32773-4 |page= |pages= |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ABiJgVAPxs0C&printsec=frontcover |accessdate=}}</ref> | |||
| ==Geographic subdivisions and subethnic groups== | |||
| ===Geographical subdivisions=== | |||
| {{multiple image | |||
| | footer = | |||
| | align = right | |||
| | direction = vertical | |||
| | image1 = Barry (capitaine). F. 35. Mingrelien, Poti. Mission scientifique de Mr Ernest Chantre. 1881.jpg | |||
| | width1 = 150 | |||
| | alt1 = | |||
| | caption1 = Megrelian | |||
| | image2 = Caucasus, Gourian Prince (A).jpg | |||
| | width2 = 150 | |||
| | alt2 = | |||
| | caption2 = Gurian | |||
| | image3 = Imeretian (A).jpg | |||
| | width3 = 150 | |||
| | alt3 = | |||
| | caption3 = Imeretian | |||
| | image4 = Adjarians.JPG | |||
| | width4 = 150 | |||
| | alt4 = | |||
| | caption4 = Adjarian | |||
| | image5 = M. Tilke, 'Khevsurs', 1910.jpeg | |||
| | width5 = 150 | |||
| | alt5 = | |||
| | caption5 = Khevsurian | |||
| }} | |||
| The Georgians have historically been classified into various subgroups based on the geographic region which their ancestors traditionally inhabited. | |||
| Even if a member of any of these subgroups moves to a different region, they will still be known by the name of their ancestral region. For example, if a ]n moves to ] (part of the ] region) he will not automatically identify himself as ]an despite actually living in Kartli. This may, however, change if substantial amount of time passes. For example, there are some ] who have lived in the ] region for centuries and are now identified as Imeretian or Imeretian-Mingrelians. | |||
| {{main|Georgian surname}} | |||
| Last names from mountainous eastern Georgian provinces (such as Kakheti, etc.) can be distinguished by the suffix –''uri'' (ური), or –''uli'' (ული). Most ] last names typically end in –''ani'' (ანი), ] in –''ia'' (ია), -''ua'' (უა), or -''ava'' (ავა), and ] in –''shi'' (ში). | |||
| {| class="wikitable" | |||
| ! Name | |||
| ! Name in Georgian | |||
| ! Geographical region | |||
| ! Dialect or Language | |||
| |- | |||
| | Imeretians | |||
| | იმერელი ''imereli'' | |||
| | ] | |||
| | ] | |||
| |- | |||
| | Kartlians | |||
| | ქართლელი ''kartleli'' | |||
| | ] | |||
| | ] | |||
| |- | |||
| | ] | |||
| | მეგრელი ''megreli'' | |||
| | ] | |||
| | ] | |||
| |- | |||
| | ] | |||
| | სვანი ''svani'' | |||
| | ] | |||
| | ] | |||
| |- | |||
| | Gurians | |||
| | გურული ''guruli'' | |||
| | ] | |||
| | ] | |||
| |- | |||
| | Adjarians | |||
| | აჭარელი ''achareli'' | |||
| | ] | |||
| | ] | |||
| |- | |||
| | Meskhetians | |||
| | მესხი ''meskhi'' | |||
| | ] (Samtskhe) | |||
| | ] | |||
| |- | |||
| | |Lechkhumians | |||
| | ლეჩხუმელი ''lechkhumeli'' | |||
| | ] | |||
| | ] | |||
| |- | |||
| | Rachians | |||
| | რაჭველი ''rachveli'' | |||
| | ] | |||
| | ] | |||
| |- | |||
| | Kakhetians | |||
| | კახელი ''kakheli'' | |||
| | ] | |||
| | ] | |||
| |- | |||
| | ] | |||
| | ხევსური ''khevsuri'' | |||
| | ] | |||
| | ] | |||
| |- | |||
| | Tushs | |||
| | თუში ''tushi'' | |||
| | ] | |||
| | ] | |||
| |- | |||
| | Pshavians | |||
| | ფშაველი ''pshaveli'' | |||
| | ] | |||
| | ] | |||
| |- | |||
| | Mokhevians | |||
| | მოხევე ''mokheve'' | |||
| | ] | |||
| | ] | |||
| |- | |||
| | ] | |||
| | ჯავახი ''javakhi'' | |||
| | ] | |||
| | ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |} | |||
| The ] (which accounted people by language), had Imeretian, ] and ] languages separate from ].<ref>{{ru icon}} </ref> | |||
| During the 1926 Soviet census, Svans and Mengrelians were accounted separately from Georgian.<ref>{{ru icon}} </ref> | |||
| Svan and Mingrelian languages are both ] and are closely related to the national ]. | |||
| ====Outside of modern Georgia==== | |||
| ] also may be considered Georgian based on their geographic location and religion. According to the ]' anthropologist Mathijs Pelkmans,<ref></ref> Lazs residing in Georgia frequently identify themselves as "first-class Georgians" to show pride, while considering their Muslim counterparts in Turkey as "Turkified Lazs".<ref>Pelkmans,Mathijs. ''Defending the border: identity, religion, and modernity in the Republic of Georgia''. ], ]: ], 2006, pg. 80</ref> | |||
| {| class="wikitable" | |||
| ! Subethnic groups | |||
| ! Georgian name | |||
| ! Settlement area | |||
| ! Language <br />(dialect) | |||
| ! Number | |||
| ! Difference(s) from mainstream Georgians<br />{{small|(other than location)}} | |||
| |- | |||
| | ] | |||
| | ლაზი ''lazi'' | |||
| | ] (Lazistan) | |||
| | ] | |||
| | 50,000 {{small|(1970 est.)}}<ref name="orientation">{{cite web |url=http://www.everyculture.com/Russia-Eurasia-China/Laz-Orientation.html |title=Laz - Orientation |last=Hewsen |first=Robert H. |authorlink=Robert H. Hewsen |work=World Culture Encyclopedia |quote=The census of 1945 cited 46,987 Laz speakers but did not count Turkish-speaking Laz and is certainly an undercount. The Soviet census of 1926—the last one in which the Laz are mentioned—listed 643 ethnic Laz in Ajaria and 730 Laz speakers. Catford (1970) estimated the total number of Laz at about 50,000, but there is no question that they are gradually becoming assimilated to the Turkish population at large.}}</ref> | |||
| | ''Religion'': Muslim | |||
| |- | |||
| | ] | |||
| | ჩვენებური ''chveneburi'' | |||
| | Black Sea coast (northwestern Turkey) | |||
| | | |||
| | 60,000 {{small|(1979)}}<ref>Peter A. Andrews & Rüdiger Benninghaus (1989), ''Ethnic Groups in the Republic of Turkey, Vol. 1'', p. 174. Reichert, ISBN 3-88226-418-7.</ref> | |||
| | ''Religion'': Muslim | |||
| |- | |||
| | ] | |||
| | ინგილო ''ingilo'' | |||
| | ] (Azerbaijan) | |||
| | ] | |||
| | 12,000 | |||
| | ''Religion'': Muslim majority,<ref>{{cite book|last=Ramet|first=Sabrina P.|title=Religion and Nationalism in Soviet and East European Politics|year=1989|publisher=Duke University Press|location=Durham|isbn=9780822308911|page=187}}</ref> Orthodox minority<ref>{{cite book|last=Friedrich|first=Paul|title=Encyclopedia of World Cultures: Russia and Eurasia, China|year=1994|publisher=G.K. Hall|location=Boston, Massachusetts|isbn=9780816118106|page=150|edition=1. publ.|quote=A part of the Ingilo population still retains the (Orthodox) Christian faith, but another, larger segment adheres to the Sunni sect of Islam.}}</ref> | |||
| |- | |||
| | Shavshians | |||
| | შავში ''shavshi'' | |||
| | ] (Turkey) | |||
| | ] | |||
| | | |||
| | | |||
| |- | |||
| | Klarjians | |||
| | კლარჯი ''klarji'' | |||
| | ] (Turkey) | |||
| | ] | |||
| | | |||
| | | |||
| |- | |||
| |} | |||
| ==Notes== | |||
| {{reflist|2}} | |||
| ==See also== | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| {{Ancient Georgians}} | |||
| {{Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox Christians}} | |||
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Georgian People}} | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
Revision as of 18:43, 9 February 2014
Gruzijci -Gruzija ~ 3.990.000 -Turska do 1.000.000 milijona -Rusija 156,000-900,000 -Izrael-(Gruzijski židovi)-70000-200000 -Sjedinjene Američke Države- oko 200.000 -Iran-~60.000 -Ukrajna-34.000 -Grčka~24.000 -Kanada- ~2400 -Mexiko- 1000 -Azerbajđan oko 10000 -Armenija- ~1000 -Australija najviše 500 -Estonija- ~500