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| ==Early career== | ==Early career== | ||
| During 1963, Berri was elected as president of the National Union of Lebanese Students, and participated to student and political conferences. During his early career he became a lawyer at the Court of Appeals. Berri wanted to ran for parliamentary seat on the list of ], then speaker of the Lebanese parliament in the general elections of 1968 and 1972.<ref name=Husseini2012>{{cite book|author=Rola el Husseini|title=Pax Syriana: Elite Politics in Postwar Lebanon|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=zgl6DgAVzWMC&pg=PA98|accessdate=15 March 2013|date=15 October 2012|publisher=Syracuse University Press|isbn=978-0-8156-3304-4|pages=98}}</ref> However, Asaad objected his candidacy.<ref name=Husseini2012/> In the early 1970s, Berri worked in ] as a ] for several companies. He also became a warlord during the civil war backed by Syria.<ref name=rola2004>{{cite book|title=Arab Elites: Negotiating the Politics of Change|year=2004|publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=QkiAmnyuUsMC&pg=PA239|author=Rola el Husseini|editor=Volker Perthes|chapter=Lebanon: Building political dynasties}}</ref> | During 1963, Berri was elected as president of the National Union of Lebanese Students, and participated to student and political conferences. During his early career he became a lawyer at the Court of Appeals. Berri wanted to ran for parliamentary seat on the list of ], then speaker of the Lebanese parliament in the general elections of 1968 and 1972.<ref name=Husseini2012>{{cite book|author=Rola el Husseini|title=Pax Syriana: Elite Politics in Postwar Lebanon|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=zgl6DgAVzWMC&pg=PA98|accessdate=15 March 2013|date=15 October 2012|publisher=Syracuse University Press|isbn=978-0-8156-3304-4|pages=98}}</ref> However, Asaad objected his candidacy.<ref name=Husseini2012/> In the early 1970s, Berri worked in ] as a ] for several companies. He also became a warlord during the civil war backed by Syria.<ref name=rola2004>{{cite book|title=Arab Elites: Negotiating the Politics of Change|year=2004|publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=QkiAmnyuUsMC&pg=PA239|author=Rola el Husseini|editor=Volker Perthes|chapter=Lebanon: Building political dynasties}}</ref> | ||
| He held a series of positions in the ] during the late 1970s, after Imam ], a ] cleric, disappeared under mysterious circumstances while on a trip to ] in 1978, and is thought to have been killed on the orders of ]. | |||
| In 1980, Berri was elected leader of the Amal movement, and led it during the ]. Under his leadership, Amal gradually gained the identity of conservative Shi’a movement.<ref name=pio2010>{{cite journal|last=Pioppi|first=Daniela|title=Anatomy of a political party: Hezbollah – Sectarian upshot or actor of change?|journal=IDEA|year=2010|pages=69–90|url=http://www.idea.int/publications/islamist_mass_movements/upload/Islamist_mass_low_inlay.pdf#page=69|accessdate=17 March 2013}}</ref> It became an ally of the status quo and anti-Palestinian forces during the civil war.<ref name=pio2010/> In addition, the movement could not recruit the more militant young activists influenced by ] and other events in ].<ref name=pio2010/> On the other hand, Berri subsequently joined the National Unity government as minister of state for South Lebanon and reconstruction under ] ] in May 1984.<ref name=owen84>{{cite journal|last=Owen|first=Roger|title=The Lebanese Crisis: Fragmentation or Reconciliation?|journal=Third World Quarterly|date=October 1984|volume=6|issue=4|pages=934–949|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/3991803|accessdate=11 March 2013}}</ref> He also served as the minister of housing and co-operatives. | |||
| ==Later political career== | |||
| Berri again served as a cabinet minister from 1989 to 1992. He is reported to have the biggest influence in the Lebanese government formed after the ].<ref name=shad>{{cite journal|last=Haddad|first=Simon|title=Cultural diversity and sectarian attitudes in postwar Lebanon|journal=Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies|date=April 2002|volume=28|issue=2|pages=291–306|url=http://ipac.kacst.edu.sa/eDoc/2006/159617_1.pdf|accessdate=3 July 2012}}</ref> He became elected speaker of the National Assembly on 20 November 1992 at the head of the "Liberation of the South Movement" list. On 8 September 1996, his list, the Liberation and Development, won the legislative elections and he was once again re-elected Speaker. In ], he won the seat of Zahrani, the first district of south Lebanon.<ref name=aps9sep>{{cite news|title=Opposition Candidates Win Elections|url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/LEBANON+-+Sept.+3+-+Opposition+Candidates+Win+Elections.-a073739331|accessdate=10 March 2013|newspaper=APS Diplomat Recorder|date=9 September 2000}}</ref> | |||
| On 3 June 2003, Berri was elected President of the ], which he assumed on 1 March the following year. In ], he also won a seat from Zahrani as part of ] list.<ref name=lic>{{cite web|title=New parliament composition|url=http://www.licus.org/liclib/LICRD/elections09/New%20parliament.pdf|publisher=Lebanese Information Center|accessdate=21 January 2013}}</ref> | |||
| {{Politics of Lebanon}} | |||
| Currently Berri headed the list of "Resistance and Development" in the parliamentary elections that took place in southern Lebanon on 3 September 2000, which was won in full. He also headed the list of "Liberation" in the parliamentary elections that took place in southern Lebanon on 6 September 1992, which was won in full. The other lists he headed were "Liberation and Development" in the parliamentary elections on 8 September 1996, which was won in full, "Liberation and Development" in the parliamentary elections which took place in June 2005, which was won in full. Since 1992 he chairs the "Liberation and Development" parliamentary bloc. | |||
| ==Speaker of the Parliament of Lebanon== | |||
| He was elected to the Lebanese Parliament for the first time on 20 October 1992, during the ], as he expectedly passed a law that allowed ]'s Solidere to forcibly expropriate private property and real estate in downtown Beirut now worth tens of billions of USD. He was re-elected for a second time on 22 October 1996. He was elected to the same post three more times on 17 October 2000 unanimously (124 votes out of 126 votes), on 28 June 2005<ref name=mallat>{{cite book|last=Mallat|first=Chibli|title=Lebanon's Cedar Revolution An essay on non-violence and justice|publisher=Mallat|page=122|url=http://mallat.com/books/Appendix1%20and%202.pdf}}</ref> and on 25 June 2009. | |||
| ==Arab World== | |||
| Berri headed since 1999 Arab Parliamentary Committee. On 3 June 2003, he was elected president of the Arab Parliamentary Union and handed the presidency in ] on 3 January 2004 for a period of two years. He was elected president of the Council of the Parliamentary Union of the Member States of the | |||
| ==Wikileaks diplomatic cables== | |||
| Berri was mentioned repeatedly in the diplomatic cables released by Wikileaks. A cable from 2004 described the Amal Movement under Berri as being "near universally derided as corrupt to the core",<ref></ref> and Berri was described by a relative of ] as having provided social services in the south only through "wheeling, dealing, and stealing".<ref></ref> | |||
| During the ], Berri described Israel's attacks on ] as being "like honey", and hoped that Israel would complete its mission against Hezbollah quickly. He suggested that the IDF "markedly improve its targeting intelligence to make air strikes more effective. Either that, or they would have to wipe Hizballah out of the south with a ground offensive." He also suggested that "if Israel succeeds in weakening Hizballah militarily, then he will be more willing to weaken them politically".<ref></ref> | |||
| According the cables, Berri receives USD 400,000 a month from ], using a fourth of the sum to shore up his support and pocketing the rest.<ref></ref> | |||
| ==Personal life== | ==Personal life== | ||
Revision as of 19:17, 11 February 2014
| Nabih Berri | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Speaker of the Parliament of Lebanon | |
| In office 20 October 1992 – present | |
| President | Elias Hrawi Émile Lahoud Michel Sleiman |
| Preceded by | Hussein el-Husseini |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1938-01-28) 28 January 1938 (age 86) Bo, Sierra Leone |
| Nationality | Lebanese |
| Political party | Amal Movement |
| Spouse | Randa Berri |
Nabih Berri (Template:Lang-ar; born 28 January 1938) is the Speaker of the Parliament of Lebanon. He heads the Shi'a Amal Movement.
Early life and education
He was born in Bo, Sierra Leone to Lebanese parents on 28 January 1938. His father was involved in buying goods from the indigenous people of Sierra Leone for a large multi-national corporation.
Berri went to school in Tebnine and Ain Ebel in southern Lebanon, then continued his education in Bint Jbeil and Jaafariya supplementary schools in southern Lebanon and later studied at the Makassed and the Ecole de la Sagesse in Beirut. He obtained a law degree in 1963 from the Lebanese University, where he had served as the student body president, and became a lawyer at the Court of Appeals. He also graduated from Paris-Sorbonne University in France. During the 1960s, he joined the Arab Nationalist Movement.
Early career
During 1963, Berri was elected as president of the National Union of Lebanese Students, and participated to student and political conferences. During his early career he became a lawyer at the Court of Appeals. Berri wanted to ran for parliamentary seat on the list of Kamel Asaad, then speaker of the Lebanese parliament in the general elections of 1968 and 1972. However, Asaad objected his candidacy. In the early 1970s, Berri worked in Beirut as a lawyer for several companies. He also became a warlord during the civil war backed by Syria.
Personal life
Berri's spouse Randa Berri has a construction firm.
References
- Fandy, Mamoun (2007). (Un)civil war of words: media and politics in the Arab world. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 75. ISBN 978-0-275-99393-1. Retrieved 25 April 2011.
- Nir, Omri (15 February 2011). Nabih Berri and Lebanese Politics. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-10535-5. Retrieved 25 April 2011.
- "Nabih Berri". Wars of Lebanon. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
- ^ Rola el Husseini (15 October 2012). Pax Syriana: Elite Politics in Postwar Lebanon. Syracuse University Press. p. 98. ISBN 978-0-8156-3304-4. Retrieved 15 March 2013.
- Rola el Husseini (2004). "Lebanon: Building political dynasties". In Volker Perthes (ed.). Arab Elites: Negotiating the Politics of Change. Lynne Rienner Publishers.
- Gambill, Gary C. (July 2001). "Dossier: Rafiq Hariri". Middle East Intelligence Bulletin. 3 (7). Retrieved 17 March 2013.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help)
| Speakers of the Parliament of Lebanon | |
|---|---|
| Pre-Independence | |
| Post-independence | |
| Elections | |