| Revision as of 20:27, 23 March 2014 edit223.29.204.2 (talk) →History← Previous edit | Revision as of 15:52, 24 March 2014 edit undoKhabboos (talk | contribs)1,384 edits replacing OR with a sentence carrying a citationNext edit → | ||
| Line 69: | Line 69: | ||
| == History == | == History == | ||
| Mianwali District was agricultural region with forests during the Indus Valley Civilization. The Vedic period is characterized by Indo-Aryan culture |
Mianwali District was agricultural region with forests during the Indus Valley Civilization. The Vedic period is characterized by Indo-Aryan culture brought by invaders from Central Asia who settled in the ]. In 997 CE, ], took over the ] empire established by his father, ]. In 1005 he conquered the ]s in ] and followed it by the conquests of the ]. The ] and later the ] also ruled the region. The Punjab region became predominantly ] during the rule of the ] and later the ] due to ]s.<ref name="mtholyoke"></ref><ref name="bb3"></ref><ref name="bbc6"></ref> | ||
| Before the British rule, the area formed an integral portion of the ] ].<ref></ref> During ], the Indian empire was subdivided into provinces, divisions and districts; afterward, the independence of Pakistan ] remained the third tier of government until 2000. The British had made the town of Mianwali as tehsil headquarters of ] then part of ] of ]. The population of Mianwali, according to the 1901 ], was 3,591.<ref>], at ]</ref> | Before the British rule, the area formed an integral portion of the ] ].<ref></ref> During ], the Indian empire was subdivided into provinces, divisions and districts; afterward, the independence of Pakistan ] remained the third tier of government until 2000. The British had made the town of Mianwali as tehsil headquarters of ] then part of ] of ]. The population of Mianwali, according to the 1901 ], was 3,591.<ref>], at ]</ref> | ||
Revision as of 15:52, 24 March 2014
`
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Mianwali" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
| Mianwali مِيانوالى | |
|---|---|
| City | |
 Thal Canal | |
| Country | Pakistan |
| Province | Punjab |
| District | Mianwali District |
| Government | |
| • Nazim | Humair Hayat Khan Rokhri |
| Elevation | 210 m (690 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 110,359 (2,009 estimated) |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (PST) |
| Calling code | (+92)0459 |
| www.punjab.gov.pk | |
Mianwali (Template:Lang-ur) is the capital city of Mianwali District, Pakistan. It is in the northwest of Punjab province on the eastern bank of the Indus River. Thal Canal traverses the city and makes the surroundings picturesque. In the 1998 census of Pakistan, the city had a population of 85,000. The two dominant tribes of Mianwali are Niazis and Awans. Many Awans also write Malik as their last name. Awans usually associate themselves with Potohari Punjabi identity while Niazis associate themselves with Seraiki identity of South Punjab regions.
In November 1901, present day tehsils of Mianwali, Isa Khel and Piplan were separated from Bannu District and districts Bhakkar and Layyah from Dera Ismail Khan District and clubbed together to form a new district named Mianwali with its headquarters in Mianwali city. The municipal committee was founded in December 1903 and has remained operational since then.
Infrastructure
The city has an FM radio station (FM 93), municipal library called Professor Muhammad Feroz Shah Library, sports complex, and hockey stadium. There are several educational institutions from elementary to post-graduate level. Mianwali is home to Namal College, a University of Bradford accredited institute providing quality higher education to underprivileged youth.
The city has an airport built near the old World War II aerodrome and known as PAF Base Mianwali. It is one of the major operational and training air bases of the country. The No. 1 Fighter Conversion Unit of the PAF is stationed here.
There is a railway connecting the city with Multan, Lahore and Rawalpindi.
The main highways connecting to the other parts of the country include the Sargodha–Lahore road , MM Road (Mianwali–Muzaffargarh road), Talagang–Rawalpindi road, and the Kalabagh–Bannu road .
Rc news Mianwali is the local online newspaper: www.rcmianwali.com/newspaper.
Namal College Mianwali
In 2008, the former cricketer, philanthropist and politician Imran Khan founded the Namal College located about thirty kilometers from the Mianwali city. Namal an associate college of University of Bradford, offers two four-year degree programs: B. Sc. (HONS) Computer Sciences and B. Eng. Electrical & Electronics.
History
Mianwali District was agricultural region with forests during the Indus Valley Civilization. The Vedic period is characterized by Indo-Aryan culture brought by invaders from Central Asia who settled in the Punjab region. In 997 CE, Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi, took over the Ghaznavid dynasty empire established by his father, Sultan Sebuktegin. In 1005 he conquered the Shahis in Kabul and followed it by the conquests of the Punjab region. The Delhi Sultanate and later the Mughal Empire also ruled the region. The Punjab region became predominantly Muslim during the rule of the Delhi Sultanate and later the Mughal Empire due to forced conversions.
Before the British rule, the area formed an integral portion of the Graeco-Bactrian Empire of Kabul and the Punjab. During British rule, the Indian empire was subdivided into provinces, divisions and districts; afterward, the independence of Pakistan divisions remained the third tier of government until 2000. The British had made the town of Mianwali as tehsil headquarters of Bannu District then part of Dera Ismail Khan Division of Punjab province. The population of Mianwali, according to the 1901 census of India, was 3,591.
In November 1901, the North-West Frontier Province was carved out of Punjab and the tehsils of Mianwali and Isa Khel, and were separated from Bannu District (Bannu became part of NWFP). A new district was made with the headquarters in Mianwali city and placed in Punjab. The district became a part of Rawalpindi Division. There were four tehsils: Mianwali, Isa Khel, Bhakkar, and Layyah. Layyah was included in the Muzaffargarh District in 1909. The district became a part of Sargodha Division in 1961. Bhakkar Tehsil was separated from Mianwali and was made a separate district inside Sargodha Division w.e.f. 01-07-1982.
The predominantly Muslim population supported Muslim League and Pakistan Movement. After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the minority Hindus and Sikhs migrated to India while the Muslim refugees from India settled in the Mianwali district.
Language
As per the 1998 census of Pakistan, the following are the demographics of the Mianwali district, by spoken language:
- Punjabi: 72.4%
- Saraiki dialect: 12%
- Pashto: 10%
- Others: 6%
Though Mianwali is claimed an integral part of the Seraiki speaking belt by the Seraiki language activists, Punjabi-Seraiki division seems to hold little influence on common people in this district. According to 1998 census three fourths (74.2 percent) of the population named their spoken language as Punjabi while only 12 per cent answered that they speak Seraiki.
Inhabitants of Mianwali district speak a great variety of Punjabi dialects.
- Jandali/Rohi (central parts of the district)
- Awankari (northern parts)
- Shapuri (easteren parts)
- Thalochi (southern parts in desert areas)
- Majhi or standard (sizeable population in cities)
Other languages include:
- Pashto which is spoken by sizeable population in the Khyber Pakhtookhawa province border areas and in the cities.
- Urdu is mother tongue of few people but being national language is spoken and understood by the sizeable population.
- English is understood and spoken by few, mainly educated elite.
Tribes
City of Mianwali is a mix community of {NiaziPathan} tribes; other are Awan, Sayyed, Jat and Kattak tribes. main niazi pathan tribes of mianwali are essa khail mosa khail dawood khail bori khail and pai khail etc.
Notable people
- Imran Khan Niazi
- Misbah-ul-Haq
- Maulana Kausar Niazi
- Amir Abdullah Khan Rokhri
- Abdul Sattar Khan Niazi
- Attaullah Khan Esakhelvi
- Sher Afgan Niazi
- Samiullah Khan
Lt. General Amir Abdullah Khan Niazi
Further reading
- "Gazetteer of the Mianwali district 1915" by Sang-e-Meel Publications, Lahore, Pakistan
- "Tareekh-e-Niazi Qabail"
- "Wichara Watan" By Harish Chander Nakra, New Delhi, India
- Henry George Raverty, Notes on Afghanistan and Baluchistan" (Indus Publications, Karachi)
See also
References
- http://www.rcmianwali.com/newspaper
- Muslim Invasion
- Intolerant ruler: Aurangzeb (BBC.co.uk)
- Guru Tegh Bahadur (BBC.co.uk)
- Miānwāli District - Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 17, p. 318
- Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 17, p. 326 at Digital South Asia Library
- sappk.org: Profile of district Mianwali
- A Glossary of the tribes & castes of Punjab by H. A Rose
External links
- http://mianwalinews.wordpress.com
- http://www.MianwaliOnline.com
- Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Mianwali" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
| Major cities in Pakistan | |
|---|---|
| Islamabad Capital Territory | |
| Punjab | |
| Sindh | |
| Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | |
| Balochistan | |
| Azad Kashmir | |
| Gilgit-Baltistan | |
| Federal capital Provincial/Territorial capitals | |
| Administrative divisions of Mianwali District | |
|---|---|
| Capital | |
| Tehsils | |
| Union councils |
|