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| #REDIRECT ] | |||
| The '''political status''' of ] is the subject of a political and territorial dispute between ], that since ] and until ] possessed the peninsula, and ], that controls Crimea since the ]. The ] and the ] City Council declared independence in March 11 and ] in March 18. Since March 21, 2014 Russia claims Crimea as a part of its territory. As of March 24, few ] (except Russia itself) officially recognized the transfer of sovereignty over Crimea to Russia: these are ],<ref name="Kazakhstan">. qha.com.ua. 19 March 2014</ref> ],<ref name="Kyrgyzstan">. ria.ru. 20 March 2014.</ref> and possibly others. Leaders and top officials of several other UN states made announcements supportive to Russia, but the reaction of the international community to Crimea's incorporation to Russia is overwhelmingly negative. | |||
| {{R from move}} | |||
| ]]] | |||
| ==History== | |||
| {{further|History of Crimea|1954 transfer of Crimea|Autonomous Republic of Crimea}} | |||
| Formerly annexed by the ], Crimea was reoccupied by the ] in 1921 and was granted the status of autonomous republic. After the ] in 1945 the Soviet authorities ] the indigenous population of ] and the autonomous status of the region was stripped. In 1954, the ] of the ] ] the region to Ukraine. Ukraine restored Crimea's ] in 1991 and allowed all Crimean Tatars to return. Crimea's autonomous status was further reiterated in 1996 with the ratification of Ukraine's ], which declared Crimea to be the "Autonomous Republic of Crimea", but also an "inseparable constituent part of Ukraine."<ref name="Wikisource">{{cite web|title=Constitution of Ukraine, 1996|url=https://en.wikisource.org/Constitution_of_Ukraine,_1996|accessdate=March 12, 2014}}</ref> | |||
| ==2014 development== | |||
| {{further|2014 Ukrainian revolution|2014 Crimean crisis}} | |||
| {{Infobox Former Country | |||
| |p1=Autonomous Republic of Crimea | |||
| |flag_p1=Flag of Ukraine.svg | |||
| |p2=Sevastopol#After_the_Soviet_collapse | |||
| |flag_p2=Flag of Ukraine.svg | |||
| |s1=Republic of Crimea | |||
| |flag_s1=Flag of Russia.svg | |||
| |s2=Sevastopol | |||
| |flag_s2=Flag of Russia.svg | |||
| |year_start=2014 | |||
| |year_end=2014 | |||
| |continent=Europe | |||
| |conventional_long_name=Republic of Crimea | |||
| |native_name=Республика Крым<br/>Къырым Джумхуриети<br/>Республіка Крим | |||
| |common_name=Republic of Crimea | |||
| |government_type=]<ref name="KrimRada" /> | |||
| |legislature=] | |||
| |event_start = ] | |||
| |date_start = 11 March | |||
| |event1=] | |||
| |date_event1=16 March 2014 | |||
| |event2=] | |||
| |date_event2=17 March 2014<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/03/17/world/europe/ukraine-crisis/|title=Crimea votes to break from Ukraine, join Russia. What happens next?|publisher=CNN|date=March 17, 2014|accessdate=March 17, 2014|author=Marie-Louise Gumuchian|quote=On Monday, lawmakers in Crimea approved a resolution that declared the Black Sea peninsula an independent, sovereign state. They then filed an appeal to join the Russian Federation.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://rt.com/news/crimea-referendum-results-official-250/|title=Crimea votes to join Russian Federation: 96.77% say YES|publisher=RT|quote=Crimea was declared an independent sovereign state, the Republic of Crimea, on Monday, the autonomous Ukrainian regional parliament's website stated. The Supreme Council of Crimea unanimously voted to integrate of the region into Russia.}}</ref> | |||
| |event3=] | |||
| |date_event3= 17 March 2014 | |||
| |event4 = ] | |||
| |date_event4= 18 March 2014<ref name="tass">{{cite news|url=http://en.itar-tass.com/russia/724785|agency=ITAR-TASS|title=Putin signs laws on reunification of Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol with Russia|date=21 March 2014|accessdate=22 March 2014}}</ref> | |||
| |event_end = Ratification | |||
| |date_end= 21 March | |||
| |image_flag=Flag of Crimea.svg | |||
| |flag=Flag of Crimea | |||
| |image_coat=Emblem of Crimea.svg | |||
| |symbol=Coat of arms of Crimea | |||
| |capital=]<br><small>{{Coord|44|57|N|34|06|E}}</small> | |||
| |national_motto = {{native phrase|ru|"Процветание в единстве"|italics=off}}<br/>'']''{{nbsp|2}}{{small|(])<br/>"Prosperity in unity"}} | |||
| |national_anthem = {{native name|ru|"]"|italics=off|nolink=on}}<br/>''Nivy i gory tvoi volshebny, Rodina''{{nbsp|2}}{{small|(transliteration)<br/>''Your fields and mountains are magical, Motherland''}} | |||
| |common_languages = {{plainlist| | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| }} | |||
| |stat_year1 = Total | |||
| |stat_area1 = 26100 | |||
| |stat_year2 = 2007 | |||
| |stat_pop2 = 2352385 | |||
| |stat_area2 = 26100 | |||
| |width=265px | |||
| }} | |||
| On March 11, 2014, amidst the ], the ] and the ] City Council ] to ] from Ukraine.<ref name="KrimRada">{{cite web|title=Парламент Крыма принял Декларацию о независимости АРК и г. Севастополя|url=http://www.rada.crimea.ua/news/11_03_2014_1|publisher=Государственный Совет Республики Крым|accessdate=18 March 2014|date=11 March 2014}}</ref> The document specifically mentioned ] in the lead part.<ref name="KrimRada" /> | |||
| The declaration was done in an attempt to legitimize a ] where citizens were to vote on whether Crimea should apply to join Russia as a ], or remain part of Ukraine. On March 16, 2014, a large majority (reported as 95% of those who voted) voted in favour of independence of Crimea from Ukraine and joining Russia as a federal subject.<ref name=autogenerated2></ref><ref></ref> The BBC reported that most of the Crimean Tatars that they interviewed were boycotting the vote.<ref name=autogenerated2 /> Prime Minister ] stated that 40% of Crimean Tatars took part in the referendum, and according to Russian state media, polling data showed a majority of Tatars in Sevastopol voted to join Russia, with a turnout of over 50% in the city.<ref>{{cite news|title=About 40% of Crimean Tatars take part in Crimean referendum – Prime Minister|url=http://en.itar-tass.com/world/723832|accessdate=March 16, 2014|newspaper=ITAR-TASS|date=March 16, 2014}}</ref> | |||
| {{anchor|Republic of Crimea}}After the referendum, Crimean lawmakers formally voted both to secede from Ukraine and ask for membership in the Russian Federation. Thus, the independent '''Republic of Crimea''' existed for a little more than a day. The Sevastopol City Council, however, requested the port's separate admission as a federal city.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/18/world/europe/european-union-ukraine.html?hpw&rref=world&_r=0|agency=The New York Times|title=Lawmakers in Crimea Move Swiftly to Split From Ukraine|date=17 March 2014|accessdate=17 March 2014}}</ref> | |||
| On March 18, 2014, Russia and Crimea signed a treaty of accession, following which the ] and the ] of Sevastopol were created in the Russian Federation following President Putin’s address to the Parliament. On March 21, 2014 the Russian ] ratified the ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.itar-tass.com/russia/724749|title=Russian Federation Council ratifies treaty on Crimea’s entry to Russia|publisher=]|date=21 March 2014 |accessdate=March 21, 2014}}</ref> and ] ] signed the treaty into effect that same day, with the accession backdated to March 18.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.itar-tass.com/russia/724785|title=Putin signs laws on reunification of Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol with Russia|publisher=]|date=21 March 2014 |accessdate=March 21, 2014}}</ref> During the transition period which will last till January 1, 2015, both sides will resolve the issues of integration of the new subjects “in the economic, financial, credit and legal system of the Russian Federation.”<ref name=annexation>{{cite news| url=http://rt.com/news/putin-include-crimea-sevastopol-russia-578/ | work=Russia Today | title=Treaty to accept Crimea, Sevastopol to Russian Federation signed | date=March 18, 2014}}</ref> | |||
| ==Position of Ukraine== | |||
| ], along with most sovereign states in the world, did not recognize the Republic of Crimea's claim to sovereignty, nor the unification of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea with Sevastopol, nor the referendum that paved the way for Crimean secession. | |||
| {{section stub|date=March 2014}} | |||
| ==Position of Russia== | |||
| Claims of Russia are based on its recognition of the short-lived ] with which Russia concluded the abovementioned treaty of accession according to its ]. | |||
| The ] approved the accession of Crimea. | |||
| {{section stub|date=March 2014}} | |||
| ==Views by the international community== | |||
| {{update|section|date=March 2014}} | |||
| {{main|International reactions to the 2014 Crimean crisis}} | |||
| {{see also|International recognition of the Republic of Crimea}} | |||
| The ], ] and the ] instantly condemned the independence referendum as illegal.<ref name=autogenerated2 /><ref></ref> | |||
| ] vote on a draft resolution condemning the 2014 Crimean referendum. | |||
| ---- | |||
| {{legend|#287cfe|Voted in favor of resolution}} | |||
| {{legend|#007f00|Abstained}} | |||
| {{legend|#ff0000|Vetoed resolution}} | |||
| ]] | |||
| On March 1, while ] of the ] were meeting in an emergency closed-door session, a spokesman for the ] ] delivered a statement saying that the Secretary General was "gravely concerned about the deterioration of the situation" in Ukraine and planned to speak shortly with the Russian President ]. Ban's statement called for "full respect for and preservation of the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine" and demanded "immediate restoration of calm and direct dialogue between all concerned."<ref>{{cite news|title=UN chief Ban Ki-moon 'gravely concerned' over Ukraine events|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/world-news/un-chief-ban-ki-moon-gravely-concerned-over-ukraine-events/articleshow/31239002.cms|agency=Associated Press|publisher=Times Internet Limited|accessdate=2 March 2014}}</ref> The Security Council itself expressed support for the unity, territorial integrity and sovereignty of Ukraine. The Council agreed that it was important that all political actors in Ukraine exercise maximum restraint and called for an inclusive dialogue recognizing the diversity of the Ukrainian society.<ref>{{cite web|title=UN Security Council holds urgent meeting to review Situation in Crimea Ukraine|url=http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/03/un-security-council-holds-urgent-meeting-to-review-situation-in-crimea-ukraine/|work=IANS|publisher=news.biharprabha.com|accessdate=1 March 2014}}</ref> On March 15 the Security Council voted 13–1, with one abstention to condemn the proposed Crimean referendum. The sole negative vote was cast by Russia - the motion failed, as Russia is a permanent member of the Council with veto power.<ref>http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-26595776</ref> Countries of ] and ] generally support the position of United States, U.K., and France. | |||
| The Russian position got explicit support from ],<ref name="Kazakhstan"/> ],<ref name="Kyrgyzstan"/> ] ],<ref name="Sargsyan">. asbarez.com. 19 March 2014</ref> | |||
| ],<ref name="Museveni">. ria.ru. 20 March 2014</ref> ],<ref name="Afghanistan">. rt.com. 22 March 2014</ref><ref>. tolonews.com. 23 March 2014</ref> as well as from partially recognized states of ],<ref name="Abkhazia and South Ossetia">{{cite web |url=http://www.civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=27044 |title=Sokhumi, Tskhinvali Recognize Crimea Vote|publisher=civil.ge|date = 17 March 2014}}</ref> ],<ref name="Abkhazia and South Ossetia"/> and ],<ref name="Nagorno-Karabakh Republic">. Asbarez.com. Retrieved on 23 March 2014.</ref> and president of the ], a sub-national entity within ], an internationally-recognized country. Declarations supportive to Russia were also made by senior officials of ], ], and ]. | |||
| On March 23, 2014, ] recognized Crimea as '']'' part of Russia.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://rt.com/news/belarus-crimea-part-russia-657/ | work=Russia Today | title=Belarusian president: Crimea is de-facto part of Russia | date=March 23, 2014}}</ref> | |||
| ==See also== | |||
| {{Portal|Crimea|Russia}} | |||
| *] | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{Reflist|2}} | |||
| ==External links== | |||
| * {{URL|http://crimea.ru}} | |||
| {{2014 Crimean crisis}} | |||
| {{Use mdy dates|date=March 2014}} | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
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