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The '''Indian Ordnance Factories Service (IOFS)''' (Hindi: '''भारतीय आयुध निर्माणियाँ सेवा''') is a civil service of the ]. IOFS officers are Group A ] defence-civilian officers under the Ministry of Defence. They are responsible for the management of the ], which provide the sinews of self-reliant, indigenous, defence production capabilities of the nation. The '''Indian Ordnance Factories Service (IOFS)''' (Hindi: '''‎भारतीय आयुध निर्माणी सेवा''') is a civil service of the ]. IOFS officers are Group A ] defence-civilian officers under the Ministry of Defence. They are responsible for the management of the ], which provide the sinews of self-reliant, indigenous, defence production capabilities of the nation.


==Composition== ==Composition==
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== OFB's background == == OFB's background ==
] is engaged in production, testing, logistics, research, development and marketing of a comprehensive product range in the areas of land, air and sea systems. Headquartered at ], ], it consists of forty-one Ordnance Factories, nine Training Institutes, three Regional Marketing Centres and four Regional Controllerates of Safety, which are spread all across the country.<ref>http://ofbindia.gov.in/index.php?wh=ourunits&lang=en#ofbmap</ref><ref>http://ofbindia.gov.in/index.php?wh=inbrief&lang=en</ref> ] is engaged in production, testing, logistics, research, development and marketing of a comprehensive product range in the areas of land, air and sea systems. It consists of forty-one Ordnance Factories, nine Training Institutes, three Regional Marketing Centres and four Regional Controllerates of Safety, which are spread all across the country.<ref>http://ofbindia.gov.in/index.php?wh=ourunits&lang=en#ofbmap</ref><ref>http://ofbindia.gov.in/index.php?wh=inbrief&lang=en</ref>


OFB is the world's largest government operated production organisation<ref>http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/Factories+of+graft/1/47422.html</ref> and the oldest industrial organisation run by the Government of India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mod.nic.in/product&supp/welcome.html |title=Ministry of Defence, Govt of India |publisher=Mod.nic.in |date= |accessdate=2012-07-17}}</ref><ref>http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/of.htm</ref> It has a total workforce of about 164,000.<ref>http://www.idsa-india.org/an-apr-7.html</ref> It is often called the "Fourth Arm of Defence"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mod.nic.in/Samachar/april15-02/html/ch1.htm |title=Two Centuries of Guns and Shells |publisher=Mod.nic.in |date= |accessdate=2012-07-17}}</ref><ref>http://www.indiadefence.com/OFB.htm</ref><ref>http://ofbgcf.nic.in/default.html</ref> and the "Force Behind the Armed Forces" of India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ofb.gov.in/index.php?wh=aboutus&lang=en |title=Indian Ordnance Factories: About Us |publisher=Ofb.gov.in |date= |accessdate=2012-07-17}}</ref><ref>http://hal-india.com/othermod.asp</ref> OFB is the world's largest government operated production organisation<ref>http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/Factories+of+graft/1/47422.html</ref> and the oldest industrial organisation run by the Government of India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mod.nic.in/product&supp/welcome.html |title=Ministry of Defence, Govt of India |publisher=Mod.nic.in |date= |accessdate=2012-07-17}}</ref><ref>http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/of.htm</ref> It has a total workforce of about 164,000.<ref>http://www.idsa-india.org/an-apr-7.html</ref> It is often called the "Fourth Arm of Defence"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mod.nic.in/Samachar/april15-02/html/ch1.htm |title=Two Centuries of Guns and Shells |publisher=Mod.nic.in |date= |accessdate=2012-07-17}}</ref><ref>http://www.indiadefence.com/OFB.htm</ref><ref>http://ofbgcf.nic.in/default.html</ref> and the "Force Behind the Armed Forces" of India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ofb.gov.in/index.php?wh=aboutus&lang=en |title=Indian Ordnance Factories: About Us |publisher=Ofb.gov.in |date= |accessdate=2012-07-17}}</ref><ref>http://hal-india.com/othermod.asp</ref>
It is amongst the top 50 defence equipment manufacturers in the world.<ref>http://www.sipri.org/research/armaments/production/Top100</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=IANS |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-02-27/news/31104480_1_arms-sales-sipri-arms-industry-expert-almaz-antei |title=Three Indian entities - HAL, BEL and OFB among world's top 100 arms manufacturers - Economic Times |publisher=Articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com |date=27 February 2012 |accessdate=2012-07-17}}</ref> Its total sales were at $2.7 billion in 2011-12. Every year, 18 March is celebrated as the Ordnance Factories' Day in India.<ref>http://www.thehitavada.com/news-details/vfj-celebrates-212th-ordnance-factory-day</ref><ref name="thehindubusinessline1">{{cite web|author=Our Bureau |url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/industry-and-economy/article3017269.ece |title=Business Line : Industry & Economy News : Ordnance Factory to invest Rs 15,000 cr for modernisation |publisher=Thehindubusinessline.com |date= |accessdate=2012-07-17}}</ref> It is amongst the top 50 defence equipment manufacturers in the world.<ref>http://www.sipri.org/research/armaments/production/Top100</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=IANS |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-02-27/news/31104480_1_arms-sales-sipri-arms-industry-expert-almaz-antei |title=Three Indian entities - HAL, BEL and OFB among world's top 100 arms manufacturers - Economic Times |publisher=Articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com |date=27 February 2012 |accessdate=2012-07-17}}</ref> Its total sales were at $2.7 billion (₹16,246 crores) in 2011-12. Every year, 18 March is celebrated as the Ordnance Factories' Day in India.<ref>http://www.thehitavada.com/news-details/vfj-celebrates-212th-ordnance-factory-day</ref><ref name="thehindubusinessline1">{{cite web|author=Our Bureau |url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/industry-and-economy/article3017269.ece |title=Business Line : Industry & Economy News : Ordnance Factory to invest Rs 15,000 cr for modernisation |publisher=Thehindubusinessline.com |date= |accessdate=2012-07-17}}</ref>


== Recruitment == == Recruitment ==
The recruitment in the Indian Ordnance Factories as a Group A officer is done by the ] based on the performance in the rigorous and prestigious ] and the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ofb.gov.in/index.php?wh=sro&lang=en |title=Indian Ordnance Factories: Recruitment Rules |publisher=Ofb.gov.in |date= |accessdate=2012-07-17}}</ref> Engineering posts are filled through the Engineering Services Examination while technologists are selected through interviews by UPSC. Posts in the non-technical streams are filled through the Civil Services Examination. IOFS is the only cadre in which candidates are selected by all four means - CSE, ESE, interviews and promotions. IOFHS officers are selected through the ] conducted by UPSC.<ref>http://india.gov.in/people-groups/community/job-seekers/union-public-service-commission</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2010-09-03/news/27602774_1_upsc-website-ordnance-factories-health-service-final-results | work=The Times Of India | title=UPSC announces CMSE 2010 results | date=2010-09-03}}</ref><ref>http://www.upsconline.nic.in/ora/candidate/Detail.php?name=13070910113%20&%20post=516&%20case=289&id=1</ref> All appointments to the Group A Civil Services are made by the ].<ref>http://presidentofindia.nic.in/pr300513-2.html</ref> The recruitment in the Indian Ordnance Factories as a Group A officer is done by the ] based on the performance in the rigorous and prestigious ] and the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ofb.gov.in/index.php?wh=sro&lang=en |title=Indian Ordnance Factories: Recruitment Rules |publisher=Ofb.gov.in |date= |accessdate=2012-07-17}}</ref> Engineering posts are filled through the Engineering Services Examination while technologists are selected through interviews by UPSC. Posts in the non-technical streams are filled through the Civil Services Examination. IOFS is the only cadre in which officials are selected by all four means - CSE, ESE, interviews and promotions. IOFHS officers are selected through the ] conducted by UPSC.<ref>http://india.gov.in/people-groups/community/job-seekers/union-public-service-commission</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2010-09-03/news/27602774_1_upsc-website-ordnance-factories-health-service-final-results | work=The Times Of India | title=UPSC announces CMSE 2010 results | date=2010-09-03}}</ref><ref>http://www.upsconline.nic.in/ora/candidate/Detail.php?name=13070910113%20&%20post=516&%20case=289&id=1</ref> All appointments to the Group A Civil Services are made by the ].<ref>http://presidentofindia.nic.in/pr300513-2.html</ref>


==Training== ==Training==
provides training to the IOFS officers on the topics of engineering, management, public administration as induction and re-orientation courses. IOFS officers are allowed to continue their higher studies at various national institutions such as the ], ], ] and ] under the sponsored category.<ref>. Diat.ac.in. Retrieved on 2012-08-31.</ref><ref>http://www.cedt.iisc.ernet.in/people/lmp/lmp</ref> Interestingly, most of the officers who join the ordnance factories are graduates of these institutes as the recruitment in the ordnance factories is considered quite tough, only the brightest students make it through the whole process. They are also trained at these institutes, at the ],<ref>http://www.lbsnaa.gov.in/files/WhosWho/FC/FC72whos%20who.pdf</ref> ] and the ] while in service.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/nagpur/Management-guru-peps-up-ordnance-factory-officers/articleshow/20387963.cms | work=The Times Of India | title=Management guru peps up ordnance factory officers - The Times of India}}</ref><ref>http://www.msf.gov.in/resource.htm</ref><ref>http://ifs.nic.in/rt/circulars/other/iim/IIM-%20Ahmedabad.pdf</ref><ref>. Iimidr.ac.in. Retrieved on 2012-08-31.</ref> The officers are even sent for higher education to the countries which have defence friendly relations with India such as the countries of erstwhile ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ]. provides training to the IOFS officers on the topics of technology, management, public administration as induction and re-orientation courses. IOFS officers are allowed to continue their higher studies at various national institutions such as the ], ], ] and ] under the sponsored category.<ref>. Diat.ac.in. Retrieved on 2012-08-31.</ref><ref>http://www.cedt.iisc.ernet.in/people/lmp/lmp</ref> Interestingly, most of the officers who join the ordnance factories are graduates of these institutes as the recruitment in the ordnance factories is considered quite tough, only the brightest students make it through the whole process. They are also trained at these institutes, at the ],<ref>http://www.lbsnaa.gov.in/files/WhosWho/FC/FC72whos%20who.pdf</ref> ] and the ] while in service.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/nagpur/Management-guru-peps-up-ordnance-factory-officers/articleshow/20387963.cms | work=The Times Of India | title=Management guru peps up ordnance factory officers - The Times of India}}</ref><ref>http://www.msf.gov.in/resource.htm</ref><ref>http://ifs.nic.in/rt/circulars/other/iim/IIM-%20Ahmedabad.pdf</ref><ref>. Iimidr.ac.in. Retrieved on 2012-08-31.</ref> The officers are even sent for higher education to the countries which have defence friendly relations with India such as the countries of erstwhile ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ].


== Functions == == Functions ==
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*Inter-Services Organisations such as Military Engineer Services,<ref>http://www.idse.org/faq.html</ref> Defence Exhibition Organisation.<ref>http://defexpoindia.in/</ref> *Inter-Services Organisations such as Military Engineer Services,<ref>http://www.idse.org/faq.html</ref> Defence Exhibition Organisation.<ref>http://defexpoindia.in/</ref>
*Educational institutes such as the ], ], ].<ref>http://nadpindia.gov.in/?link=abus_Col</ref> *Educational institutes such as the ], ], ].<ref>http://nadpindia.gov.in/?link=abus_Col</ref>
*Public Sector Undertakings of the Ministry of Defence: ], ], ], ], ], ], ] and ]. *Public Sector Undertakings of the Ministry of Defence: ], ], ], ], ], ], ] and ], other Govt. PSUs, various national and international private as well as government companies.
*Industrial and trade associations such as ], ], ].
*Ministries such as the ], ], ], ] and others.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.threeauthors.com/upsc-exams/upsc-exams-indian-civil-services-details-IOF-india.asp |title=UPSC Exam india : Indian Civil Services Exams :IAS,IFS,IES Exam,UPSC India,UPSC syllabus,ias topper interview,ias exam tips,book list |publisher=Threeauthors.com |date= |accessdate=2012-07-17}}</ref> *Ministries such as the ], ], ], ] and others.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.threeauthors.com/upsc-exams/upsc-exams-indian-civil-services-details-IOF-india.asp |title=UPSC Exam india : Indian Civil Services Exams :IAS,IFS,IES Exam,UPSC India,UPSC syllabus,ias topper interview,ias exam tips,book list |publisher=Threeauthors.com |date= |accessdate=2012-07-17}}</ref>
*Besides, in order to meet the day to day operational requirements of the organisation, fulfill various statutory obligations, and ensure the welfare of the workforce employed in the ordnance factories, these officers also interact with the officers of the ], ], ], ], ], IAS, IPS, IFS, IFoS, IA&AS, IDAS, IRS, IRTS, etc.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/sapling-planting-campaign-at-oft/article3990458.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | title=Sapling planting campaign at OFT | date=2012-10-12}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Tiruchirapalli/article3306792.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | title=Smart techniques to prevent injuries at railway workshop | date=2012-04-12}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/technology-can-help-curb-corruption/article4073108.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | title=‘Technology can help curb corruption' | date=2012-11-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/crpf-dg-visits-oft/article2673195.ece?css=print | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | title=CRPF DG visits OFT | date=2011-11-30}}</ref> *Besides, in order to meet the day to day operational requirements of the organisation, fulfill various statutory obligations, and ensure the welfare of the workforce employed in the ordnance factories, these officers also interact with the officers of the ], ], ], ], ]; and other bureaucrats from IAS, IPS, IFS, IFoS, IA&AS, IDAS, IRS, IRTS, etc.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/sapling-planting-campaign-at-oft/article3990458.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | title=Sapling planting campaign at OFT | date=2012-10-12}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Tiruchirapalli/article3306792.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | title=Smart techniques to prevent injuries at railway workshop | date=2012-04-12}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/technology-can-help-curb-corruption/article4073108.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | title=‘Technology can help curb corruption' | date=2012-11-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/crpf-dg-visits-oft/article2673195.ece?css=print | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | title=CRPF DG visits OFT | date=2011-11-30}}</ref>


====On Deputation==== ====On Deputation====

Revision as of 19:44, 3 May 2014

Indian Ordnance Factories Service
Service Overview
Abbreviation I.O.F.S.
Formed 1954
Country  India
Training Ground National Academy of Defence Production, Nagpur
Controlling Authority Ministry of Defence
Department of Defence Production
Legal personality Civil Service
General nature Research & Development
General Management
Public Administration
Cadre Size 1760 members
Association IOFS officers Association (IOFSA)
Service colour Red, Navy Blue and Sky Blue
 
 
 
Service Chief
DGOF & Chairman, OFB
Current: M. C. Bansal
Head of the Civil Services
Cabinet Secretary
Current: Ajit Seth

The Indian Ordnance Factories Service (IOFS) (Hindi: ‎भारतीय आयुध निर्माणी सेवा) is a civil service of the Government of India. IOFS officers are Group A gazetted defence-civilian officers under the Ministry of Defence. They are responsible for the management of the Indian Ordnance Factories, which provide the sinews of self-reliant, indigenous, defence production capabilities of the nation.

Composition

IOFS was formed in 1954 with the cadre controlling authority of Ministry of Defence – Department of Defence Production with a cadre size of 1760 posts. The source of recruitment was through direct recruitment 60%; by promotion 40% and no lateral entries.

IOFS is a multi-disciplinary composite cadre consisting of technical - engineers (Civil, Electrical, Mechanical, Electronics), technologists (Chemical, Metallurgical, Textile, Leather) and non-technical/administrative (Science, Law, Commerce, Management and Arts graduates). Technical posts comprise about 87% of the total cadre. The doctors (Surgeons and Physicians) serving in OFB belong to a separate service known as the Indian Ordnance Factories Health Service (IOFHS). IOFHS officers are responsible for the maintenance of health of the employees and the hospitals of OFB. They report directly to the IOFS officers. IOFS and IOFHS are the only two civil services under the Department of Defence Production.

OFB's background

Ordnance Factories Board is engaged in production, testing, logistics, research, development and marketing of a comprehensive product range in the areas of land, air and sea systems. It consists of forty-one Ordnance Factories, nine Training Institutes, three Regional Marketing Centres and four Regional Controllerates of Safety, which are spread all across the country.

OFB is the world's largest government operated production organisation and the oldest industrial organisation run by the Government of India. It has a total workforce of about 164,000. It is often called the "Fourth Arm of Defence" and the "Force Behind the Armed Forces" of India. It is amongst the top 50 defence equipment manufacturers in the world. Its total sales were at $2.7 billion (₹16,246 crores) in 2011-12. Every year, 18 March is celebrated as the Ordnance Factories' Day in India.

Recruitment

The recruitment in the Indian Ordnance Factories as a Group A officer is done by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) based on the performance in the rigorous and prestigious Engineering Services Examination (ESE) and the Civil Services Examination (CSE). Engineering posts are filled through the Engineering Services Examination while technologists are selected through interviews by UPSC. Posts in the non-technical streams are filled through the Civil Services Examination. IOFS is the only cadre in which officials are selected by all four means - CSE, ESE, interviews and promotions. IOFHS officers are selected through the Combined Medical Services Examination conducted by UPSC. All appointments to the Group A Civil Services are made by the President of India.

Training

National Academy of Defence Production, Nagpur provides training to the IOFS officers on the topics of technology, management, public administration as induction and re-orientation courses. IOFS officers are allowed to continue their higher studies at various national institutions such as the IITs, IIMs, IISc and DIAT under the sponsored category. Interestingly, most of the officers who join the ordnance factories are graduates of these institutes as the recruitment in the ordnance factories is considered quite tough, only the brightest students make it through the whole process. They are also trained at these institutes, at the Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration, Administrative Staff College of India and the Indian Institute of Public Administration while in service. The officers are even sent for higher education to the countries which have defence friendly relations with India such as the countries of erstwhile USSR, USA, UK, Sweden, Japan, Austria, Germany, Russia, France, Israel, Canada, Czech Republic, Singapore.

Functions

The main functions performed by IOFS officers while at the Indian Ordnance Factories include product research & development, project management, materials management, production planning and control, quality control, supplies management, industrial safety, labour welfare, personnel management, industrial relations, management and maintenance of residential estates etc.

In discharging these functions, the IOFS officers interact extensively with:

On Deputation

IOFS is a participating civil service under the Central Staffing Scheme (CSS) which allows bureaucrats to move to any organisation, institution, agency, department, ministry of the Government of India on deputation basis (excluding posts which are specifically encadred within the organised Group A services), depending on their interests, educational qualifications, seniority, age and other eligiblity criteria .

IOFS officers also serve at key managerial posts of PSUs; as advisors and secretaries to the Union Cabinet Ministers, Prime Minister and the President of India; and as diplomats at various consulates, missions and embassies of India located abroad.

Hierarchy

Grade Designation in the field Designation in Headquarters Pay Scale
Junior Time Scale Assistant Works Manager Assistant Director ₹15,600-₹39,100 plus grade pay of ₹5400
Senior Time Scale Works Manager Deputy Director ₹15,600-₹39,100 plus grade pay of ₹6600
Senior Time Scale (Non Functional) Deputy General Manager Joint Director ₹15,600-₹39,100 plus grade pay of ₹7600
Junior Administrative Grade (Functional) Joint General Manager Director ₹37,400-₹67,000 plus grade pay of ₹8700
Senior Administrative Grade Addl. GM / General Manager / Principal Director / Regional Director / Regional Controller of Safety Deputy Director General ₹37,400-₹67,000 plus grade pay of ₹10000
Higher Administrative Grade Senior General Manager / Senior Principal Director Senior Deputy Director General ₹67,000-₹79,000 plus grade pay-Nil
Higher Administrative Grade (+) Nil Addl. Director General & Member of the Board ₹75,500-₹80,000 plus grade pay -Nil
Apex Scale Nil Director General Ordnance Factories (DGOF) & Chairman of the Ordnance Factories Board ₹80,000 (fixed) plus grade pay-Nil

See also

Ordnance Factories Board

External links

References

  1. http://www.persmin.nic.in/DOPT/CSWing/CRDivision/Mail%20List%20of%20Secretaries.htm
  2. http://ofbindia.gov.in/index.php?wh=ourunits&lang=en#ofbmap
  3. http://ofbindia.gov.in/index.php?wh=inbrief&lang=en
  4. http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/Factories+of+graft/1/47422.html
  5. "Ministry of Defence, Govt of India". Mod.nic.in. Retrieved 2012-07-17.
  6. http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/of.htm
  7. http://www.idsa-india.org/an-apr-7.html
  8. "Two Centuries of Guns and Shells". Mod.nic.in. Retrieved 2012-07-17.
  9. http://www.indiadefence.com/OFB.htm
  10. http://ofbgcf.nic.in/default.html
  11. "Indian Ordnance Factories: About Us". Ofb.gov.in. Retrieved 2012-07-17.
  12. http://hal-india.com/othermod.asp
  13. http://www.sipri.org/research/armaments/production/Top100
  14. IANS (27 February 2012). "Three Indian entities - HAL, BEL and OFB among world's top 100 arms manufacturers - Economic Times". Articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com. Retrieved 2012-07-17.
  15. http://www.thehitavada.com/news-details/vfj-celebrates-212th-ordnance-factory-day
  16. Our Bureau. "Business Line : Industry & Economy News : Ordnance Factory to invest Rs 15,000 cr for modernisation". Thehindubusinessline.com. Retrieved 2012-07-17.
  17. "Indian Ordnance Factories: Recruitment Rules". Ofb.gov.in. Retrieved 2012-07-17.
  18. http://india.gov.in/people-groups/community/job-seekers/union-public-service-commission
  19. "UPSC announces CMSE 2010 results". The Times Of India. 2010-09-03.
  20. http://www.upsconline.nic.in/ora/candidate/Detail.php?name=13070910113%20&%20post=516&%20case=289&id=1
  21. http://presidentofindia.nic.in/pr300513-2.html
  22. M. Tech. Programme :: Admission :: Defense Institute of Advanced Technology. Diat.ac.in. Retrieved on 2012-08-31.
  23. http://www.cedt.iisc.ernet.in/people/lmp/lmp
  24. http://www.lbsnaa.gov.in/files/WhosWho/FC/FC72whos%20who.pdf
  25. "Management guru peps up ordnance factory officers - The Times of India". The Times Of India.
  26. http://www.msf.gov.in/resource.htm
  27. http://ifs.nic.in/rt/circulars/other/iim/IIM-%20Ahmedabad.pdf
  28. Indian Institute of Management Indore - Customised Exe Edu. Iimidr.ac.in. Retrieved on 2012-08-31.
  29. DRDO. DRDO. Retrieved on 2012-08-31.
  30. http://ddpdos.gov.in/search/generallinks/dss.aspx
  31. Ministry of Defence, Govt of India. Mod.nic.in (1987-07-04). Retrieved on 2012-08-31.
  32. http://indiannavy.nic.in/naval-commands/director-general-naval-armament-inspection-dgnai
  33. http://dgaeroqa.gov.in/interactions.html
  34. http://dgaeroqa.gov.in/about_us.html
  35. http://www.idse.org/faq.html
  36. http://defexpoindia.in/
  37. http://nadpindia.gov.in/?link=abus_Col
  38. "UPSC Exam india : Indian Civil Services Exams :IAS,IFS,IES Exam,UPSC India,UPSC syllabus,ias topper interview,ias exam tips,book list". Threeauthors.com. Retrieved 2012-07-17.
  39. "Sapling planting campaign at OFT". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 2012-10-12.
  40. "Smart techniques to prevent injuries at railway workshop". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 2012-04-12.
  41. "'Technology can help curb corruption'". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 2012-11-07.
  42. "CRPF DG visits OFT". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 2011-11-30.
  43. http://centralstaffing.gov.in/WebOfferList/List%20of%20Services%20Participating%20under%20css.htm
  44. http://ccis.nic.in/WriteReadData/CircularPortal/D2/D02eod/36_77_94_EO%28SM-I%29.pdf
  45. http://ofbindia.gov.in/index.php?wh=payband&lang=en
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