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The Romanian diaspora is the ethnically Romanian population outside Romania and Moldova. The concept does not usually include the ethnic Romanians who live as natives in nearby states, chiefly those Romanians who live in Ukraine and Serbia. Therefore, the number of all Romanians abroad is estimated at about 4-12 million people, depending on one's definition of the term "Romanian" as well as the inclusion/exclusion of ethnic Romanians living in nearby countries where they are indigenous. The definition of "who is a Romanian?" may range from rigorous conservative estimates based on self-identification and official statistics to estimates that include people of Romanian ancestry born in their respective countries as well as people born to ethnic-minorities from Romania.

In 2006, the Romanian diaspora was estimated at about 8 million people by the president of Romania, Traian Băsescu, most of them living in the former USSR, Western Europe (esp. Italy, Spain and France, see Romanian-French), North America, South America and Australia. It is unclear if Băsescu included the indigenous Romanians living in the immediate surroundings of the Romanian state such as those in Moldova, Ukraine or Serbia. It is also unclear if Băsescu counted religious minorities such as Jews ethnic Romanis, ethnic Hungarians who are native to Northern Romania, also known as Csángó or Szeklers and Transylvanian Saxons of ethnic German origins as Romanians when he made his estimate, as well as third-generation individuals in the United States and Canada.

In December 2013, Cristian David, the government minister for The Department of Romanians Everywhere, declared that a new reality illustrates that between 6-8 million Romanians live outside Romania's borders. This includes 2-3 million indigenous Romanians living in neighbouring states such as Ukraine, Hungary, Serbia, Bulgaria, the Balkans and especially the Republic of Moldova. The number also includes circa 2.7 - 3.5 million Romanians in Western Europe.

Below is a list of self-declared ethnic Romanians in the countries where they live, excluding those who live in Romania and Moldova but including those who live in Ukraine, Serbia, Hungary and Bulgaria. The numbers are based on official statistical data in the respective states where such Romanians reside or - wherever such data is unavailable - based on official estimates made by the Romanian department for Romanians abroad. (Figures for Spain, Italy, Germany, the United Kingdom, France, Sweden, Portugal and Turkey are for Romanian citizens, and may include individuals of any ethnicity.) Ethnic-Romanians are primarily present in Europe and North America. However, there are ethnic Romanians in Turkey, both in the Asian and European parts of the country, descendants of Walachian settlers invited by the Ottoman Empire from the early 14th to the late 19th centuries. Over 100,000 ethnic Romanians are living throughout far eastern Russia, thousands of Romanians in villages of the Amur River valley on the Chinese Manchurian side of that river, and about 2,000 Romanian immigrants in Japan since the late 20th century.

The Romanian diaspora has emerged as a powerful political force in elections since 2009.

Distribution by country

Country	Population	Year	Origin, notes
Italy	823,100	2013	Immigrants (additional 150,021 Moldovans)
Spain	730,340	2014	Immigrants (additional 20,000 Moldovans)
United States	518,653	2009	Immigrants
Germany	205 026	2013	Immigrants
Israel	205,600	2014	Immigrants
Ukraine	150,989	2001	(additional 258,619 Moldovans) Indigenous to Zakarpattia Oblast, Odessa Oblast and Chernivtsi Oblast.
United Kingdom	101,000	2012	Immigrants
Canada	82,995	2011	(additional 121,635 of mixed origin and additional 8,050 Moldovans). Immigrants
Austria	74,639	2012
France	66,640	2010	Immigrants
Greece	46,523	2011	Romanian citizens. Immigrants (additional 10,391 Moldovans). There are also some Aromanian and Megleno speaking populations but they are not considered an ethnic but a linguistic/cultural minority, since the majority of them express an ethnic Greek identity. In addition to that no Greek census has recorded mother tongue statistics since 1951, so the number of those two Romanian-speaking groups can not be exact. Therefore this number includes Romanian citizens only.
Belgium	45,877	2012	Immigrants
Portugal	39,312	2011	Immigrants (additional 13,586 Moldovans)
Serbia	29,332	2011	(additional 35,330 Vlachs). Indigenous to Vojvodina (Banat), Timočka Krajina and parts of Central Serbia.
Hungary	26,345	2011	Indigenous to Eastern Hungary
Cyprus	24,376	2011	(excluding Moldovans) Immigrants
Sweden	21,016	2011	Immigrants
Australia	20,998	2011	Immigrants
Ireland	17,995	2011	Immigrants
Netherlands	16,987	2012	Immigrants
Kazakhstan	14,666	2009	(including Moldovans) Immigrants / Displaced during World War II
Denmark	10,732		Immigrants
Argentina	10,000		Immigrants
Venezuela	10,000		Immigrants
Switzerland	8,578	2012	Immigrants
Norway	6,869	2012	Immigrants
Czech Republic	5,069		Immigrants
UAE	5,000		Immigrants
Brazil	4,000		Immigrants
Russia	3,201	2010	(additional 156,400 Moldovans). Immigrants / Displaced during World War II
New Zealand	3,100		Immigrants
South Africa	3,000		Immigrants
Japan	3,000		Immigrants
Lithuania	1,350		Immigrants
Turkey	1,304		Immigrants
Bulgaria	891	2011	(additional 3,684 Vlachs) Indigenous to Vidin Province and parts of Northern Bulgaria
Luxembourg	500		Immigrants
Finland	500		Immigrants
African Union	485		Immigrants
Mexico	400		Immigrants
Chile	389	2002 Census	Immigrants
South Korea	300		Immigrants
Colombia	270		Immigrants
TOTAL	4 181 537		The estimate is the sum of the countrywide estimates listed.

References

1. Preşedintele României
2. 6-8 Million Romanians Live outside Romania's Borders
3. Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni
4. "REZULTATE ALEGERI 2014 [Results of 2014 election]". Retrieved 21 November 2014.
5. "Romania election surprise as Klaus Iohannis wins presidency". Retrieved 21 November 2014.
6. Istituto Nazionale di Statistica: Gli stranieri al 15° Censimento della popolazione - Dec 23 2013
7. ISTAT - Linguistic diversity among foreign citizens in Italy 2011-2012
8. Non-EU citizens legally residing Jan 2014
9. Instituto Nacional de Estadística: Population Figures at 1 January 2014 .
10. US Census Bureau Estimate 2009
11. Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni - Federal Republic of Germany
12. https://www.destatis.de/DE/Publikationen/StatistischesJahrbuch/Bevoelkerung.pdf?__blob=publicationFile, May 2013 German Statistical Office. The number for Germany does not count more than one million Swabians and Saxons whose families historically lived in Banat and Transylvania, and who migrated to Germany at various times in the 20th century. This group of people still speaks Romanian.
13. Statistical Abstract of Israel 2014
14. Template:Uk icon Ukraine 2001 Census results
15. UK Migration Statistics Quarterly Aug 2013
16. Statistics Canada, Canada 2001 Census. 2011 Canada National Household Survey - Ethnic Origin
18. INSEE 2010
19. Greek Census
20. Viktor Meier. Yugoslavia: a history of its demise. Routledge, 1999 ISBN 978-0-415-18596-7, p. 184: "They both consider themselves Greeks."
21. http://vlahos.xan.duth.gr/nea/180304.htm
22. http://www.tamos.gr/popsb_reply_en.htm
23. Spyros Ergolabos, "The Zagori villages in the beginning of the 20th century: 2 precious documents", Epirus Publications, Ioannina 1993
24. Non-Profit Data
25. 2011 Portugal foreigners
26. 2011 Serbian Census
27. Hungarian census 2011
28. Preliminary Results of the Census of Population, 2011
29. , 2011
30. Population by ancestry (Australia), 2006 Australian census
31. Irish Census of 2011: Ireland becoming more Diverse
32. CBS StatLine 2012
33. Ethnic composition, religion and language skills in the Republic of Kazakhstan
34. Cotidianul
35. "BEF5: Folketal pr 1 januar efter køn, alder og fødeland". Danmark statistik. Danmark statistik. Retrieved 21 July 2012.
37. Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni
38. Swiss Statistical Office 2012
39. Statistics Norway – Persons with immigrant background by immigration category, country background and gender. 1 January 2012 (Corrected 30 April 2012)
40. Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni
41. Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni
42. Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni
43. 2010 Russia Census
45. ^
46. ^ Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni
49. 2011 Bulgaria Census
52. ^ Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni

v t e Romanian diaspora
Europe	Native communities outside Romania Bulgaria Hungary Serbia Ukraine Finland France Germany Italy Spain United Kingdom
Americas	Argentina Brazil Canada Mexico United States Venezuela
Asia and Oceania	Australia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Romanian Jews in Israel Turkey Uzbekistan
Moldovan diaspora

• Romanian diaspora
• European diasporas