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| {{Infobox political party | {{Infobox political party | ||
| |name = United Democrats of Hong Kong | |name = United Democrats of Hong Kong | ||
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| |colours = ] | |colours = ] | ||
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| The '''United Democrats of Hong Kong''' (] 香港民主同盟, 港同盟) was a ] ] political party in ] founded in 1990 as the united front of the liberal forces in preparation of the ] for the ]. It won a landslide victory by sweeping 12 of the 18 directly elected seats in the 1991 LegCo elections which shook the political landscape of Hong Kong. By 1995 it was merged with another pro-democracy party ] to form the modern ]. | |||
| {{Politics of Hong Kong}} | |||
| The '''United Democrats of Hong Kong''' (] 香港民主同盟, 港同盟) was a ] political party in ]. By 1995 it was merged with the ] to form the ]. | |||
| Democrats was found by ], ], ] (expelled from Democratic Party in 2000), ] (left the party in 1991, joined the ] in 1998), ], ] (emigrated in 1994), ], ], ] (died in 1992) and ] on 6 April 1990. | |||
| The party gained a landslide victory in the ], and subsequently in the ]. All founders mentioned above were elected to the ] in the election except ] and Wong Hong Chung, Lau then quit the party and joined the pro-] ].{{Citation needed|date=August 2007}} | |||
| ==Platform== | ==Platform== | ||
| The main objectives of Democrats are to maintain the prosperity and stability of Hong Kong, to better the welfare and quality of life of the people of Hong Kong; and to strengthen the position of Hong Kong as an industrial, commercial and international financial centre. In pursuit of these aims, |
The main objectives of Democrats are to maintain the prosperity and stability of Hong Kong, to better the welfare and quality of life of the people of Hong Kong; and to strengthen the position of Hong Kong as an industrial, commercial and international financial centre. In pursuit of these aims, the party strived | ||
| # to promote and facilitate the implementation of the ], | # to promote and facilitate the implementation of the ], | ||
| # to promote, establish and uphold a democratic, open and accountable government in Hong Kong; | # to promote, establish and uphold a democratic, open and accountable government in Hong Kong; | ||
| # to safeguard the rule of law, human rights, civil liberties and social justice, | # to safeguard the rule of law, ], civil liberties and social justice, | ||
| # to promote and facilitate the full implementation of the provision of the ], and the ]; | # to promote and facilitate the full implementation of the provision of the ], and the ]; | ||
| # to cultivate civic consciousness and promote participation in public affairs; | # to cultivate civic consciousness and promote participation in public affairs; | ||
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| # to promote and facilitate the interflow in know-how, technology, telecommunication, education, culture and sports with other countries and regions.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Government and Politics|first=Steve Yui-Sang|last=Tsang|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|year=1995|pages=228–229|isbn=9622093922}}</ref> | # to promote and facilitate the interflow in know-how, technology, telecommunication, education, culture and sports with other countries and regions.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Government and Politics|first=Steve Yui-Sang|last=Tsang|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|year=1995|pages=228–229|isbn=9622093922}}</ref> | ||
| == |
==Structure== | ||
| The United Democrats had a large labour component among its top leadership. 6 of its 30 Central Committee members, including ] and ], were leaders of the major independent unions, namely the ] (PTU) and the ] (CIC) respectively. They are veterans of labour protests and community movements. Some other core members of the party were experienced in collective mobilisation and electoral campaigns, such as ]'s ] and ]'s ] and Wong Hong-chung and ]'s ] who brought their local networks into the party.<ref>{{cite book|page=59|title=The Challenge of Hong Kong's Reintegration with China: Modern Diasporic Femininity|first=Ming K.|last=Chan|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|year=1997}}</ref> | |||
| ==History== | |||
| The United Democrats self-claimed the first political party in Hong Kong. It was established on 23 April 1990 after the ] and the eve of ] for the ] in 1991 as a grand alliance by some 220 activists from the ] (MP), the ] (HKAS) and the ] (ADPL), the three major pro-democracy groups at the times. The United Democrats were mostly service professionals from the ranks of social workers, teachers, university professors, independent union activists, church leaders, and lawyers.<ref name="Chan">{{cite book|page=58|title=The Challenge of Hong Kong's Reintegration with China: Modern Diasporic Femininity|first=Ming K.|last=Chan|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|year=1997}}</ref> | |||
| The party was headed by barrister ], as well as ] who remained the leader of the ]. As such, the party was labelled "anti-Beijing" as their support for the ].<ref name="Chan"/> | |||
| The party gained a landslide victory in the ], and subsequently in the ], winning 12 of the 18 directly elected seats and two ] seats due to the widespread of anti-Beijing sentiments after the Tiananmen crackdown and also the electoral system. On 17 September 1991, Martin Lee led a delegation of 14 Legislative Councillors-elect from the United Democrats to meet the ] ], demanded the Governor to respect the wishes of the people expressed in the election and filled the LegCo appointed seats with liberal-minded people.<ref>{{cite book|page=2|title=The Other Hong Kong Report 1992|editor-first1=Joseph Y.S.|editor-last1=Cheng|editor-first2=Paul C. K.|editor-last2=Kwong|publisher=Chinese University Press|year=1992}}</ref> | |||
| The United Democrats supported ], the last Governor's ] which largely broadened the franchise and heavily criticised by Beijing. The party remained open critic of the Beijing policies. After the reform proposal was passed, the Beijing government set up the 57-member ] (PWC) for the preparation works of the establishment of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and planning for an alternative body, the ] (PLC) to the 1995 elected legislature under Patten's proposal. No members from the United Democrats was appointed as PWC member or ].<ref>{{cite book|page=68|title=The Challenge of Hong Kong's Reintegration with China: Modern Diasporic Femininity|first=Ming K.|last=Chan|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|year=1997}}</ref> | |||
| In prepration for the ] in September 1994, the ] in March 1995 and the ] in September 1995, the United Democrats merged with another liberal party Meeting Point in April 1994 to form the ].<ref>{{cite book|page=69|title=The Challenge of Hong Kong's Reintegration with China: Modern Diasporic Femininity|first=Ming K.|last=Chan|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|year=1997}}</ref> | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
| {{HK Democratic Party}} | {{HK Democratic Party}} | ||
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| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| {{HongKong-party-stub}} | |||
Revision as of 14:51, 15 December 2014
Political party in Hong Kong| United Democrats of Hong Kong 香港民主同盟 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Chairman | Martin Lee |
| Founded | 23 April 1990 |
| Dissolved | 2 October 1994 |
| Succeeded by | Democratic Party |
| Ideology | Liberalism |
| Political position | Centre-left |
| National affiliation | Pro-democracy camp |
| Colours | Green |
The United Democrats of Hong Kong (Chinese: 香港民主同盟, 港同盟) was a pro-democracy liberal political party in Hong Kong founded in 1990 as the united front of the liberal forces in preparation of the 1991 first ever direct election for the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. It won a landslide victory by sweeping 12 of the 18 directly elected seats in the 1991 LegCo elections which shook the political landscape of Hong Kong. By 1995 it was merged with another pro-democracy party Meeting Point to form the modern Democratic Party.
Platform
The main objectives of Democrats are to maintain the prosperity and stability of Hong Kong, to better the welfare and quality of life of the people of Hong Kong; and to strengthen the position of Hong Kong as an industrial, commercial and international financial centre. In pursuit of these aims, the party strived
- to promote and facilitate the implementation of the Sino-British Joint Declaration,
- to promote, establish and uphold a democratic, open and accountable government in Hong Kong;
- to safeguard the rule of law, human rights, civil liberties and social justice,
- to promote and facilitate the full implementation of the provision of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights;
- to cultivate civic consciousness and promote participation in public affairs;
- to enhance and improve productivity and facilitate economic development and progress,
- to improve people's livelihood, especially in the areas of education, medical services, housing and transport;
- to promote better social security and a comprehensive welfare system that is appropriate for the circumstances of Hong Kong;
- to support suitable members of the United Democrats of Hong Kong to stand for or otherwise participate in elections;
- to promote and facilitate the interflow in know-how, technology, telecommunication, education, culture and sports with other countries and regions.
Structure
The United Democrats had a large labour component among its top leadership. 6 of its 30 Central Committee members, including Szeto Wah and Lau Chin-shek, were leaders of the major independent unions, namely the Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union (PTU) and the Hong Kong Christian Industrial Committee (CIC) respectively. They are veterans of labour protests and community movements. Some other core members of the party were experienced in collective mobilisation and electoral campaigns, such as Tuen Mun's Ng Ming-yam and Sha Tin's Lau Kong-wah and Wong Hong-chung and Eastern District's Man Sai-cheong who brought their local networks into the party.
History
The United Democrats self-claimed the first political party in Hong Kong. It was established on 23 April 1990 after the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 and the eve of first ever direct election for the Legislative Council of Hong Kong in 1991 as a grand alliance by some 220 activists from the Meeting Point (MP), the Hong Kong Affairs Society (HKAS) and the Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood (ADPL), the three major pro-democracy groups at the times. The United Democrats were mostly service professionals from the ranks of social workers, teachers, university professors, independent union activists, church leaders, and lawyers.
The party was headed by barrister Martin Lee Chu-ming, as well as Szeto Wah who remained the leader of the Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements in China. As such, the party was labelled "anti-Beijing" as their support for the democratic movements in China.
The party gained a landslide victory in the Urban Council and Regional Council elections in 1991, and subsequently in the Legislative Council election in 1991, winning 12 of the 18 directly elected seats and two functional constituency seats due to the widespread of anti-Beijing sentiments after the Tiananmen crackdown and also the electoral system. On 17 September 1991, Martin Lee led a delegation of 14 Legislative Councillors-elect from the United Democrats to meet the Governor David Wilson, demanded the Governor to respect the wishes of the people expressed in the election and filled the LegCo appointed seats with liberal-minded people.
The United Democrats supported Chris Patten, the last Governor's controversial reform proposal which largely broadened the franchise and heavily criticised by Beijing. The party remained open critic of the Beijing policies. After the reform proposal was passed, the Beijing government set up the 57-member Preliminary Working Committee (PWC) for the preparation works of the establishment of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and planning for an alternative body, the Provisional Legislative Council (PLC) to the 1995 elected legislature under Patten's proposal. No members from the United Democrats was appointed as PWC member or Hong Kong Affairs Advisor.
In prepration for the District Board elections in September 1994, the Urban and Regional elections in March 1995 and the first fully elected LegCo elections in September 1995, the United Democrats merged with another liberal party Meeting Point in April 1994 to form the Democratic Party.
References
- Tsang, Steve Yui-Sang (1995). Government and Politics. Hong Kong University Press. pp. 228–229. ISBN 9622093922.
- Chan, Ming K. (1997). The Challenge of Hong Kong's Reintegration with China: Modern Diasporic Femininity. Hong Kong University Press. p. 59.
- ^ Chan, Ming K. (1997). The Challenge of Hong Kong's Reintegration with China: Modern Diasporic Femininity. Hong Kong University Press. p. 58.
- Cheng, Joseph Y.S.; Kwong, Paul C. K., eds. (1992). The Other Hong Kong Report 1992. Chinese University Press. p. 2.
- Chan, Ming K. (1997). The Challenge of Hong Kong's Reintegration with China: Modern Diasporic Femininity. Hong Kong University Press. p. 68.
- Chan, Ming K. (1997). The Challenge of Hong Kong's Reintegration with China: Modern Diasporic Femininity. Hong Kong University Press. p. 69.
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