Antiochian Greek Christians: Difference between revisions

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	'''Antiochian Greeks''', also known as ], are Arabized ethnic Greeks that are members of both the ] and ] ] ], who have resided within the territories of ], ], and the ] province of ], which includes the old city of ] or modern-day ], and their descendants in the ] and the ].		'''Antiochian Greeks''', also known as ], are Arabized ethnic Greeks that are members of both the ] and ] ] ], who have resided within the territories of ], ], and the ] province of ], which includes the old city of ] or modern-day ], and their descendants in the ] and the ].

	The community has a long heritage that dates back to the establishment of ] in 323 BC by ] at the time of ]'s ~~invasion~~ of ~~Asia~~. The majority of Antiochian ~~Greek Orthodox Christians~~ are a mix of the earliest ] settlers, Roman-era ], ] (]), and ] ].~~<ref name=Gassaneh>{{cite web\|title=Deir Gassaneh\|url=http://www.sufitrails.ps/etemplate.php?id=36}}</ref>~~ With Arabic becoming the ] in the Levant today, the majority has become an ] community, primarily speaking ] in its ] variant, although some may also speak some ] and those within present day Turkish territory speak ].		The community has a long heritage that dates back to the establishment of ] in 323 BC by ] at the time of ]'s conquest of the Persian Empire. The majority of Antiochian Greeks are a mix of the earliest ] settlers, Roman-era ], ] (]), and ] ]. With Arabic becoming the ] in the Levant today, the majority has become an ] community, primarily speaking ] in its ] variant, although some may also speak some ] and those within present day Turkish territory speak ].

	==History==		==History==

Revision as of 19:19, 9 May 2015

Ethnic group

Antiochian Greeks

الأنطاكية اليونانية المسيحيين الأرثوذكس

Antoun Saadeh	Ralph Nader	Michel Aflaq	John X of Antioch
Ignatius IV of Antioch	Tony Clement	Elias James Corey	Helen Thomas
Tony Fadell	Cyrine Abdelnour	Elisa Sednaoui	Paul Anka

Total population

Estimated 2 million

Regions with significant populations

Syria

545,250-1,000,000

Lebanon

300,000-400,000

United States

74,527

Australia

37,500

Turkey

18,000

Languages

Vernacular:
Arabic (Levantine Arabic)
Turkish language (in Turkey)

Diaspora:
English, French, Spanish, Portuguese

Religion

Christianity (Antiochian Orthodoxy)

Antiochian Greeks, also known as Rûm, are Arabized ethnic Greeks that are members of both the Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch and Melkite Greek Catholic Church Christian denominations, who have resided within the territories of Syria, Lebanon, and the Turkish province of Hatay, which includes the old city of Antioch or modern-day Antakya, and their descendants in the Middle East and the Americas.

The community has a long heritage that dates back to the establishment of Antioch in 323 BC by Seleucus I Nicator at the time of Alexander the Great's conquest of the Persian Empire. The majority of Antiochian Greeks are a mix of the earliest Macedonian Greeks settlers, Roman-era Greeks, Byzantine Greeks (Rûm), and Hellenized Ghassanid Arabs. With Arabic becoming the lingua franca in the Levant today, the majority has become an Arabic-speaking Christian community, primarily speaking Arabic in its Levantine Arabic variant, although some may also speak some Greek and those within present day Turkish territory speak Turkish.

History

Historically, they were considered as a part of Rûm millet by the Ottoman authorities. The community had a notable tendency of immigration in early 20th century. As the Sanjak of Alexandretta was then a part of Syria, Most Antiochian Greeks were not subject to population exchange of 1923. After Hatay State was annexed by Turkey in 1939, many emigrated to Syria and Lebanon. Following 1960s, a new wave of immigration has drawn Antiochian Greeks to Western countries in particular to the United States, Canada and Australia.

Liturgical traditions and folklore

Some typically Greek Ancient Synagogal priestly rites and hymns that originated in Antioch have survived partially to the present in the distinct church services of the Melkite and Greek Orthodox communities of the Hatay Province of Southern Turkey, Syria, Lebanon and the Holy Land.

Population and ethnocultural heritage

In the narrowly defined geographic sense, according to a census conducted by the Patriarchate of Antioch in 1895, there were 50,000 Antiochian Greeks in the Alexandretta Sanjak (Hatay Province) of Southern Turkey, compared to about 30,000 in the 1930s. In 1995, their total population was estimated at 10,000.

But most members of the Greek Orthodox and Greek Catholic communities of Syria and Lebanon, commonly known as Northern-MENA “Melkites” or “Rûms”, can trace their ethnocultural heritage to the Greek and Macedonians (Greeks) settlers, and Hellenized Ghassanid Arabs of the past, founders of the original “Antiochian Greek Orthodox Christian” communities of Northwestern Syria.

Counting members of the minorities in the Hatay Province of Turkey and their relatives in the diaspora, there are more than 1.8 million Antiochian Greek Orthodox and Greek Catholic (Melkite) Christians residing in the Northern-MENA, the USA, Canada, Australia and Latin America today.

Location

The highest concentrations of Antiochian Greeks still living in the Levant are found within the territories of Syria, Lebanon, and Turkey.

In Syria, the Antiochian Greeks are mostly concentrated in Wadi al-Nasara (The Valley of the Christians), as well as the surrounding areas. Such as the cities of Mhardeh, Hama, and Homs. Smaller communities can also be found in Aleppo, Damascus, and Latakia.

In Lebanon, most Antiochian Greeks can be found in the Nabatieh, Beqaa Governorate, and North Governorates. Specifically in the Koura District, Zahle, and Akkar.

While those able to remain in Turkey are concentrated in the Hatay Province, although a significant number of Antiochian Greeks have migrated to Istanbul. A case of intercommunal violence with Turkish Muslims in Altınözü was reported in 2005. The events were allegedly sparked by sexual harassment of a Christian girl by a Muslim barber's apprentice.

Notable Antiochian Greeks

References

"Minority Rights Group International - working to secure the rights of minorities and indigenous peoples".
Lebanon – International Religious Freedom Report 2010 U.S. Department of State. Retrieved on 14 February 2010.
Lebanon - July-December, 2010 International Religious Freedom Report U.S. Department of State. Retrieved on 1 June 2012.
Krindatch, A. (2011). Atlas of american orthodox christian churches. (p. 44). Brookline,MA: Holy Cross Orthodox Press
The Greeks of Turkey, 1992-1995 Fact-sheet by Marios D. Dikaiakos
Christen in der islamischen Welt – Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte (APuZ 26/2008)
Peter Alford Andrews, Ethnic Groups in the Republic of Turkey, Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, 1989, ISBN 3-89500-297-6
The Greeks of Turkey, 1992-1995 Fact-sheet by Marios D. Dikaiakos
"Deir Gassaneh".
Template:Tr Taciz yüzünden cemaatler dövüştü

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