| Revision as of 00:30, 10 October 2004 editDanny (talk | contribs)41,414 editsmNo edit summary← Previous edit | Revision as of 17:32, 12 October 2004 edit undoMarshman (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users9,354 edits Copy editsNext edit → | ||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| A '''nut''' in ] is a one-seeded (rarely two) ''simple dry ]'' in which the ovary wall or part of it becomes very hard (stony or woody) at maturity. Most nuts come from '''''pistils''''' with ''inferior'' ovaries (see ]) and all are '''''indehiscent''''' (do not open at maturity). Examples of ''true nuts'' are the fruits produced by ], ] (''acorn''), ] (''filbert''), ], ], ], and butternut ]s. | A '''nut''' in ] is a one-seeded (rarely two) ''simple dry ]'' in which the ovary wall or part of it becomes very hard (stony or woody) at maturity. Most nuts come from '''''pistils''''' with ''inferior'' ovaries (see ]) and all are '''''indehiscent''''' (do not open at maturity). Examples of ''true nuts'' are the fruits produced by ], ] (''acorn''), ] (''filbert''), ], ], ], and butternut ]s. | ||
| "Nuts" in ] are a much less restrictive category than nuts in botany, the term being misapplied to many ]s that are not true nuts. Any large, oily ''']''' found within a ''shell'' and used in ] may be regarded as a nut. Because nuts generally have a high oil content, they are a highly prized food and energy source. A large number of seeds are edible by humans and used in cooking, eaten raw, sprouted, or roasted as a ], or pressed for oil that is used in ] and ]. | "Nuts" in ] are a much less restrictive category than nuts in botany, the term being applied (or misapplied, depending upon your orientation) to many ]s that are not true nuts. Any large, oily ''']''' found within a ''shell'' and used in ] may be regarded as a nut. Because nuts generally have a high oil content, they are a highly prized food and energy source. A large number of seeds are edible by humans and used in cooking, eaten raw, sprouted, or roasted as a ], or pressed for oil that is used in ] and ]. By the same token, nuts (or seeds generally) are a significant source of nutrition for wildlife. This is particularly true in temperate climates where animals such as ]s and ]s store ]s and other nuts during the autumn to keep them from starving during the winter and early spring. | ||
| Nuts are a significant source of nutrition for wildlife. This is particularly true in temperate climates where animals such as ]s and ]s store ]s and other nuts during the autumn to keep them from starving during the winter and early spring. | |||
| Nuts of ]s are dominated by wind-pollinated trees of the Order ]: | Nuts of ]s are dominated by wind-pollinated trees of the Order ]: | ||
| ⚫ | * ], the seed of the ] tree; | ||
| ⚫ | * ]; | ||
| ⚫ | * ]; | ||
| ⚫ | * ] or filbert, the seed of the hazel and cob trees; | ||
| ⚫ | * ]; | ||
| ⚫ | * ]; | ||
| * ]. | |||
| ⚫ | Some common "nuts" that are not considered nuts in a botanical sense: | ||
| ⚫ | * ], the seed of the ] tree | ||
| ⚫ | * ]s are the edible seeds of a ]; | ||
| ⚫ | * ] | ||
| ⚫ | * ]s are seeds from a ]; | ||
| ⚫ | * ] | ||
| ⚫ | * ] nuts are ]s; | ||
| ⚫ | * ] or filbert, the seed of the hazel and cob trees | ||
| ⚫ | * ] is a dry fiberous ]; | ||
| ⚫ | * ] | ||
| ⚫ | * ] (not edible!) is a ]; | ||
| ⚫ | * ] | ||
| * ] | * ] is a ]; | ||
| ⚫ | * ] or ] is the seed of several species of ] (]ous trees). | ||
| ⚫ | The "nut" of the ], (''Aesculus hippocastanum''), is also known as a ''']'''. Conkers are inedible but are collected and used in an old children's game, also known as '']'', in which a nut is threaded onto a strong cord and then each child attempts to break their opponent's conker by hitting it with their own. A related species, ''Aesculus californica'', was formerly eaten by the ] of ] in times of famine. It must be leached to remove poisonous constituents before eating. | ||
| ⚫ | Some "nuts" that are not |
||
| ⚫ | Most types of acorns are too bitter to eat unless leached, because of ]s. Despite this disadvantage, acorns are an important food in many regions. | ||
| ⚫ | * ]s |
||
| ⚫ | * ]s are seeds from a ] | ||
| ⚫ | * ] nuts are ]s |
||
| ⚫ | * ] is a ] | ||
| ⚫ | * ] (not edible!) is a ] | ||
| * ], actually a ]; the fruit and seeds of a ] | |||
| ⚫ | * ] or ] is the seed of several species of ] (]ous trees) | ||
| ⚫ | {{cookbookpar|Nuts and Seeds}} | ||
| ⚫ | The "nut" of the ] (''Aesculus hippocastanum'') is also known as a ''']'''. Conkers are inedible but are collected and used in an old children's game, also known as '']'', in which a nut is threaded onto a strong cord and then each child attempts to break their opponent's conker by hitting it with their own. A related species, ''Aesculus californica'', was formerly eaten by the ] of ] in times of famine. It must be leached to remove poisonous constituents before eating. | ||
| ⚫ | Most types of acorns are too bitter to eat unless leached, because of ]s. Despite this disadvantage, acorns are an important food in many regions. | ||
| ⚫ | {{cookbookpar|Nuts and Seeds}} | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
Revision as of 17:32, 12 October 2004
A nut in botany is a one-seeded (rarely two) simple dry fruit in which the ovary wall or part of it becomes very hard (stony or woody) at maturity. Most nuts come from pistils with inferior ovaries (see flower) and all are indehiscent (do not open at maturity). Examples of true nuts are the fruits produced by walnut, oak (acorn), hazelnut (filbert), beech, chestnut, hickory, and butternut trees.
"Nuts" in cuisine are a much less restrictive category than nuts in botany, the term being applied (or misapplied, depending upon your orientation) to many seeds that are not true nuts. Any large, oily kernel found within a shell and used in food may be regarded as a nut. Because nuts generally have a high oil content, they are a highly prized food and energy source. A large number of seeds are edible by humans and used in cooking, eaten raw, sprouted, or roasted as a snack food, or pressed for oil that is used in cookery and cosmetics. By the same token, nuts (or seeds generally) are a significant source of nutrition for wildlife. This is particularly true in temperate climates where animals such as jays and squirrels store acorns and other nuts during the autumn to keep them from starving during the winter and early spring.
Nuts of temperate climates are dominated by wind-pollinated trees of the Order Fagales:
- acorn, the seed of the oak tree;
- beech;
- chestnut;
- hazelnut or filbert, the seed of the hazel and cob trees;
- hickory;
- pecan;
- walnut.
Some common "nuts" that are not considered nuts in a botanical sense:
- almonds are the edible seeds of a drupe;
- Brazil nuts are seeds from a capsule;
- cashew nuts are seeds;
- coconut is a dry fiberous drupe;
- horse-chestnut (not edible!) is a capsule;
- peanut is a legume;
- pine nut or pinyon is the seed of several species of pine (coniferous trees).
The "nut" of the horse-chestnut, (Aesculus hippocastanum), is also known as a conker. Conkers are inedible but are collected and used in an old children's game, also known as conkers, in which a nut is threaded onto a strong cord and then each child attempts to break their opponent's conker by hitting it with their own. A related species, Aesculus californica, was formerly eaten by the Native Americans of California in times of famine. It must be leached to remove poisonous constituents before eating.
Most types of acorns are too bitter to eat unless leached, because of tannins. Despite this disadvantage, acorns are an important food in many regions.
Category: