| Revision as of 15:49, 21 June 2015 view sourceSummerPhDv2.0 (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users, Rollbackers78,669 edits Reverted to revision 667564066 by Kind Tennis Fan (talk): Unsourced, see user's talk page. (TW)← Previous edit | Revision as of 15:56, 23 June 2015 view source 76.27.208.136 (talk) more contentTag: blankingNext edit → | ||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| {{pepsi}} | |||
| {{about|the beverage|its manufacturer|PepsiCo|any other use|Pepsi (disambiguation)}} | |||
| {{it is made of old man pee}} | |||
| {{distinguish|PEPPSI}} | |||
| {{Use mdy dates|date=June 2015}} | |||
| {{pp-move-indef}} | |||
| {{Infobox beverage | |||
| | name = Pepsi | |||
| | image = ] | |||
| | caption = | |||
| | type = ] | |||
| | manufacturer = ] | |||
| | distributor = | |||
| | origin = United States | |||
| | introduced = {{Start date and age|1893}} (as Brad's Drink)<br />1898 (as PEPSI-Cola)<br />1961 (as PEPSI)<br /> 2008 (as pepsi)<ref name=sodamuseumhistory>, Soda Museum, LLC</ref> | |||
| | area_served = ] | |||
| | discontinued = | |||
| | color = ] | |||
| | flavor = | |||
| | ingredients = | |||
| | variants = | |||
| | related = ]<br /> ]<br /> ]<br /> ]<br /> ]<br /> ] | |||
| | website = {{Official website|pepsi.com}} | |||
| }} | |||
| '''Pepsi''' (stylized in lowercase as '''pepsi''', formerly stylized in uppercase as '''PEPSI''') is a ] ] that is produced and manufactured by ]. Created and developed in 1893 and introduced as '''Brad's Drink''', it was renamed as '''Pepsi-Cola''' on August 28, 1898, then to Pepsi in 1961, and in select areas of North America, "]" as of 2014.<ref name=sodamuseumhistory /> | |||
| ==History== | |||
| ] | |||
| The drink Pepsi was first introduced as "Brad's Drink"<ref name=store /> in ], ], in 1893 by ], who made it at his drugstore where the drink was sold. It was renamed Pepsi Cola in 1898, named after the digestive enzyme ] and ] used in the recipe. The original recipe also included sugar and vanilla.<ref name=r1>{{Wayback |date=20010415161612 |url=http://sodamuseum.bigstep.com/generic.jhtml?pid=3 |title=The History of Pepsi Cola }}. Soda Museum (archived April 15, 2001)</ref> Bradham sought to create a fountain drink that was appealing and would aid in digestion and boost energy.<ref name=store>. Pepsistore.com. Retrieved on February 4, 2012.</ref> | |||
| ] | |||
| ]In 1903, Bradham moved the bottling of Pepsi-Cola from his drugstore to a rented warehouse. That year, Bradham sold 7,968 gallons of ]. The next year, Pepsi was sold in six-ounce bottles, and sales increased to 19,848 gallons. In 1909, automobile race pioneer ] was the first celebrity to endorse Pepsi-Cola, describing it as "A bully drink...refreshing, invigorating, a fine bracer before a race." The advertising theme "Delicious and Healthful" was then used over the next two decades.<ref>{{cite web | |||
| | title = Pepsi – FAQs | |||
| | publisher = ] | |||
| | url = http://www.pepsiusa.com/faqs.php?section=highlights | |||
| | quote = 1909: Automobile racing pioneer Barney Oldfield becomes the first celebrity to endorse Pepsi when he appears in newspaper ads describing Pepsi: "A bully drink...refreshing, invigorating, a fine bracer before a race." The theme "Delicious and Healthful" appears and will be used intermittently over the next two decades. | |||
| | accessdate = October 12, 2009}}</ref> In 1926, Pepsi received its first logo redesign since the original design of 1905. In 1929, the logo was changed again. | |||
| In 1931, at the depth of the ], the Pepsi-Cola Company entered bankruptcy – in large part due to financial losses incurred by speculating on the wildly fluctuating sugar prices as a result of ]. Assets were sold and Roy C. Megargel bought the Pepsi trademark.<ref name=r1/> Megargel was unsuccessful, and soon Pepsi's assets were purchased by ], the President of ] Loft was a candy manufacturer with retail stores that contained soda fountains. He sought to replace ] at his stores' fountains after Coke refused to give him a discount on syrup. Guth then had ] chemists reformulate the Pepsi-Cola syrup formula. | |||
| On three separate occasions between 1922 and 1933, The Coca-Cola Company was offered the opportunity to purchase the Pepsi-Cola company, and it declined on each occasion.<ref>{{cite book | author=Mark Pendergrast | authorlink=Mark Pendergrast | title=For God, Country and Coca-Cola | publisher=Basic Books | year=2000 | pages=192–193 | isbn=0-465-05468-4 }}</ref> | |||
| ==Pepsi-Cola trademark== | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| The original trademark application for Pepsi-Cola was filed on September 23, 1902 with registration approved on June 16, 1903. In the application's statement, Caleb Bradham describes the trademark, and indicated that the mark was in continuous use for his business since August 1, 1901. The Pepsi-Cola's description is a flavoring-syrup for soda water. The trademark expired on April 15, 1904. | |||
| A second Pepsi-Cola trademark is on record with the ]. The application date submitted by Caleb Bradham for the second trademark is Saturday, April 15, 1905 with the successful registration date of April 15, 1906, over three years after the original date. Curiously, in this application, Caleb Bradham states that the trademark had been continuously used in his business "and those from whom title is derived since in the 1905 application the description submitted to the USPTO was for a tonic beverage". The federal status for the 1905 trademark is registered and renewed and is owned by ] of ]. | |||
| In 2014, the 1940 wordmark was used again and replacing the current wordmark on many cans. | |||
| ==Rise== | |||
| During the Great Depression, Pepsi gained popularity following the introduction in 1936 of a 12-ounce bottle. With a radio advertising campaign featuring the ] "Pepsi-Cola hits the spot / Twelve full ounces, that's a lot / Twice as much for a nickel, too / Pepsi-Cola is the drink for you", arranged in such a way that the jingle ]. Pepsi encouraged price-watching consumers to switch, obliquely referring to the Coca-Cola standard of 6.5 ounces per bottle for the price of five cents (a nickel), instead of the 12 ounces Pepsi sold at the same price.<ref name="alot">{{Wayback |date=20070615171027 |url=http://www.oldradiofun.com/downloads/Commercials.19xx.xx.xx_Pepsi_Cola.mp3 |title=1939 Radio Commercial (Twice as Much for a Nickel)}}</ref> Coming at a time of economic crisis, the campaign succeeded in boosting Pepsi's status. From 1936 to 1938, Pepsi-Cola's profits doubled.<ref name="coke at home">Jones, Eleanor & Ritzmann, Florian. . Retrieved June 17, 2006.</ref> | |||
| ] | |||
| Pepsi's success under Guth came while the Loft Candy business was faltering. Since he had initially used Loft's finances and facilities to establish the new Pepsi success, the near-bankrupt Loft Company sued Guth for possession of the Pepsi-Cola company. A long legal battle, '']'', then ensued, with the case reaching the ] and ultimately ending in a loss for Guth. | |||
| ==Niche marketing== | |||
| ] is the boy reaching for a bottle]] | |||
| ] was named the new President of Pepsi-Cola and guided the company through the 1940s. Mack, who supported ] causes, noticed that the company's strategy of using advertising for a general audience either ignored ]s or used ethnic stereotypes in portraying blacks. He realized African Americans were an untapped ] and that Pepsi stood to gain ] by targeting its advertising directly towards them.<ref name="nytboyd">{{cite news | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/06/business/06boyd.html?_r=1&ref=obituaries&oref=slogin | last=Martin | first=Douglas | date=May 6, 2007 | title=Edward F. Boyd Dies at 92; Marketed Pepsi to Blacks. | publisher=The New York Times | accessdate=May 5, 2007}}</ref> To this end, he hired ], an advertising executive "from the Negro newspaper field"<ref name="capparellreview">{{cite news | url=http://www.usatoday.com/money/books/reviews/2007-01-22-pepsi-book_x.htm?csp=34 | title=Pepsi's challenge in 1940s: Color barrier | publisher=] | first=Michelle | last=Archer | date=January 22, 2007 | accessdate=May 7, 2007}}</ref> to lead an all-black sales team, which had to be cut due to the onset of ]. | |||
| In 1947, Walter Mack resumed his efforts, hiring ] to lead a twelve-man team. They came up with advertising portraying black Americans in a positive light, such as one with a smiling mother holding a ] of Pepsi while her son (a young ], who grew up to be ])<ref name="latboyd">{{cite news | url=http://articles.latimes.com/2007/may/05/local/me-boyd5 | title=Edward Boyd, 92; Pepsi ad man broke color barriers | publisher=] | first=Jocelyn Y. | last=Stewart | date=May 5, 2007 | accessdate=August 12, 2012}}</ref> reaches up for one. Another ], titled "Leaders in Their Fields", profiled twenty prominent African Americans such as ] winner ] and photographer ]. | |||
| Boyd also led a sales team composed entirely of blacks around the country to promote Pepsi. ] and ] were still in place throughout much of the U.S.; Boyd's team faced a great deal of discrimination as a result,<ref name="capparellreview"/> from insults by Pepsi co-workers to threats by the ].<ref name="latboyd"/> On the other hand, it was able to use ] as a selling point, attacking Coke's reluctance to hire blacks and support by the chairman of Coke for segregationist ] ].<ref name="nytboyd"/> As a result, Pepsi's market share as compared to Coke's shot up dramatically. After the sales team visited Chicago, Pepsi's share in the city overtook that of Coke for the first time.<ref name="nytboyd"/> | |||
| This focus on the market for black people caused some consternation within the company and among its affiliates. It did not want to seem focused on black customers for fear ] customers would be pushed away.<ref name="nytboyd"/> In a meeting at the ], Mack tried to assuage the 500 ] in attendance by pandering to them, saying: "We don't want it to become known as a nigger drink."<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.pbs.org/kcet/tavissmiley/archive/200702/20070227_boyd.html | first=Tavis | last=Smiley | authorlink = Tavis Smiley| date=February 27, 2007 | title=Edward Boyd | publisher=] | format=interview | accessdate=May 4, 2007}}</ref> After Mack left the company in 1950, support for the black sales team faded and it was cut. | |||
| ==Marketing== | |||
| ]'']] | |||
| ]. In 2007, the Pepsi wording was moved to the bottom of the globe.]] | |||
| From the 1930s through the late 1950s, "Pepsi-Cola Hits The Spot" was the most commonly used slogan in the days of old radio, classic motion pictures, and later television. Its jingle (conceived in the days when Pepsi cost only five cents) was used in many different forms with different lyrics. With the rise of radio, Pepsi utilized the services of a young, up-and-coming actress named ] to promote products, oftentimes lending her singing talents to the classic "...Hits The Spot" jingle. | |||
| Film actress ], after marrying then Pepsi-Cola President ] became a spokesperson for Pepsi, appearing in commercials, television specials and televised ] on behalf of the company. Crawford also had images of the soft drink placed prominently in several of her later films. When Steele died in 1959, Crawford was appointed to the Board of Directors of Pepsi-Cola, a position she held until 1973, although she was not a board member of the larger PepsiCo, created in 1965.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://joancrawfordbest.com/latimespepsi.htm |title=LA Times: Joan Crawford Appointed to Pepsi Board |publisher=Joancrawfordbest.com |date=May 7, 1959 |accessdate=December 10, 2011}}</ref> | |||
| The ], an ] team, were sponsored by Pepsi-Cola in its later years; the team adopted the beverage's red, white and blue color scheme along with a modification of the Pepsi logo (with the word "Buffalo" in place of the Pepsi-Cola wordmark). The Bisons ceased operations in 1970 (making way for the ]). | |||
| Through the intervening decades, there have been many different Pepsi theme songs sung on television by a variety of artists, from ] to ] to ]. (See ].) | |||
| In 1975, Pepsi introduced the ] marketing campaign where PepsiCo set up a blind tasting between Pepsi-Cola and rival Coca-Cola. During these blind taste tests the majority of participants picked Pepsi as the better tasting of the two soft drinks. PepsiCo took great advantage of the campaign with ]s reporting the results to the public.<ref>, ''sodamuseum.bigstep.com'', paragraph 31</ref> | |||
| Pepsi has been featured in several films, including '']'' (1989), '']'' (1990), '']'' (1992), '']'' (1999), and '']'' (2013).<ref>{{cite news|last=Bricken|first=Rob|date=March 7, 2013|url=http://io9.com/5989200/20-lies-back-to-the-future-ii-told-us-besides-the-hoverboard|title=20 Lies Back to the Future II Told Us (Besides the Hoverboard)|access-date=May 4, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Leigh|first=Stephen|date=September 15, 2011|url=http://whatculture.com/film/the-worst-movie-product-placements-of-all-time.php|title=The Worst Movie Product Placements Of All Time|access-date=May 5, 2015}}</ref> | |||
| In 1996, PepsiCo launched the highly successful ] marketing strategy. By 2002, the strategy was cited by Promo Magazine as one of 16 "Ageless Wonders" that "helped redefine promotion marketing".<ref>, ''Promo'' Magazine, 2002.</ref> | |||
| In 2007, PepsiCo redesigned its cans for the fourteenth time, and for the first time, included more than thirty different backgrounds on each can, introducing a new background every three weeks.<ref>. Pepsigallery.com. Retrieved on February 4, 2012.</ref> One of its background designs includes a string of repetitive numbers, "73774". This is a numerical expression from a telephone keypad of the word "Pepsi". | |||
| In late 2008, Pepsi overhauled its entire brand, simultaneously introducing a new logo and a ] label design. The redesign was comparable to Coca-Cola's earlier simplification of {{sic|hide=y|its can}} and bottle designs. Pepsi also teamed up with YouTube to produce its first daily entertainment show called Poptub. This show deals with pop culture, internet viral videos, and celebrity gossip. | |||
| In 2009, "Bring Home the Cup" changed to "Team Up and Bring Home the Cup". The new installment of the campaign asks for team involvement and an advocate to submit content on behalf of their team for the chance to have the ] delivered to the team's hometown by ]. | |||
| Pepsi has official sponsorship deals with three of the four major North American professional sports leagues: the ], ] ] and ]. Pepsi also sponsors ]. It also has the ] to ], an indoor sports facility in ]. In 1997, after his sponsorship with Coca-Cola ended, ] driver ] signed a long term contract with Pepsi, and he drives with the Pepsi logos on his car with various paint schemes for about 2 races each year, usually a darker paint scheme during nighttime races. Pepsi has remained as one of his sponsors ever since. Pepsi has also sponsored the ] since 2002.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/pepsi-max-confirms-30-second-ad-and-consumer-activation-for-super-bowl-xlvi-138331374.html |title=Pepsi MAX Confirms 30-Second Ad and Consumer Activation for Super Bowl XLVI - PURCHASE, N.Y., Jan. 30, 2012 /PRNewswire/ |publisher=Prnewswire.com |date= |accessdate=January 30, 2013}}</ref> | |||
| Pepsi also has sponsorship deals in ] teams. The ] is one of the teams that the brand sponsors. The team wears the Pepsi logo on the front of their test and ODI test match clothing. | |||
| In July 2009, Pepsi started marketing itself as Pecsi in ] in response to its name being mispronounced by 25% of the population and as a way to connect more with all of the population.<ref>{{cite news|author=Vescovi, Valentina|title=In Argentina, Pepsi Becomes 'Pecsi'|url=http://adage.com/globalnews/article?article_id=137946|work=AdAge.com|date=July 15, 2009}}</ref> | |||
| In October 2008, Pepsi announced that it would be redesigning its logo and re-branding many of its products by early 2009. In 2009, Pepsi, ] and ] began using all lower-case fonts for name brands, and Diet Pepsi Max was re-branded as Pepsi Max. The brand's ] became a series of "smiles", with the central white band arcing at different angles depending on the product until 2010. Pepsi released this logo in U.S. in late 2008, and later it was released in 2009 in ] (the first country outside of the United States for Pepsi's new logo), Brazil, Bolivia, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Colombia, Argentina, Puerto Rico, Costa Rica, Panama, Chile, Dominican Republic, the Philippines and Australia. In the rest of the world the new logo has been released in 2010. The old logo is still used in several markets internationally, and has been phased out most recently in ] and ]. The UK started to use the new Pepsi logo on cans in an order different from the US can. Starting in mid-2010, all Pepsi variants, regular, diet, and Pepsi Max, have started using only the medium-sized "smile" Pepsi Globe. | |||
| Pepsi and Pepsi Max cans and bottles in Australia now carry the localized version of the new Pepsi Logo. The word Pepsi and the logo are in the new style, while the word "Max" is still in the previous style. ] finally received the 2008 Pepsi design in March 2010 and ] got the redesign in 2012. | |||
| In 2011, for New York Fashion Week, Diet Pepsi introduced a "skinny" can that is taller and has been described as a "sassier" version of the traditional can that Pepsi says was made in "celebration of beautiful, confident women". The company's equating of "skinny" and "beautiful" and "confident" is drawing criticism from brand critics, consumers who do not back the "skinny is better" ethos, and the National Eating Disorders Association, which said that it takes offense to the can and the company's "thoughtless and irresponsible" comments. PepsiCo Inc. is a Fashion Week sponsor. This new can was made available to consumers nationwide in March.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.com/leisure/2011/02/11/diet-pepsis-skinny-stirs-controversy-new-yorks-fashion-week/|work=Fox News|title=Diet Pepsi's Skinny Can Stirs Controversy at New York's Fashion Week|date=February 11, 2011}}</ref> | |||
| In April 2011, Pepsi announced that customers will be able to buy a complete stranger a soda at a new "social" vending machine, and even record a video that the stranger would see when they pick up the gift.<ref></ref> | |||
| In March 2012, Pepsi introduced ], a cola with half the calories of regular Pepsi.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.myrtlebeachonline.com/2012/02/23/2677850/pepsis-midcalorie-soda-aims-to.html|title=Pepsi's midcalorie soda aims to win back drinkers|last=Choi|first=Candice|work=]|agency=]|date=February 23, 2012|accessdate=February 23, 2012}}</ref> | |||
| In March 2013, Pepsi for the first time in 17 years reshaped its 20-ounce bottle. However, some areas did not get the updated bottles until early 2014.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pepsi introduces new shape for 20-ounce bottle|url=http://www.myfoxdetroit.com/story/21764916/pepsi-introduces-new-shape-for-20-ounce-bottle|publisher=MyFox Detroit|accessdate=March 22, 2013}}</ref> | |||
| In November 2013, Pepsi issued an apology on their official Swedish Facebook page for using pictures of Cristiano Ronaldo as a voodoo doll in various scenes before the Sweden v Portugal ] playoff game.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://sports.yahoo.com/blogs/soccer-dirty-tackle/pepsi-apologizes-cristiano-ronaldo-voodoo-doll-pictures-032651350--sow.html|title=Pepsi apologizes for Cristiano Ronaldo voodoo doll pictures|work=]|date=November 21, 2013|accessdate=November 21, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.facebook.com/pepsisverige/posts/619758438088959 |title=Pepsi|work=Facebook|date=November 21, 2013|accessdate=November 21, 2013}}</ref> | |||
| ===Rivalry with Coca-Cola=== | |||
| {{Main|Cola Wars}} | |||
| According to Consumer Reports, in the 1970s, the rivalry continued to heat up the market. Pepsi conducted ]s in stores, in what was called the "]". These tests suggested that more consumers preferred the taste of Pepsi (which is believed to have more ] oil, and less ] oil, and uses ] rather than ]) to Coke. The sales of Pepsi started to climb, and Pepsi kicked off the "Challenge" across the nation. This became known as the "]". | |||
| In 1985, ], amid much publicity, changed its ]. The theory has been advanced that ], as the reformulated drink came to be known, was invented specifically in response to the Pepsi Challenge. However, a consumer backlash led to Coca-Cola quickly reintroducing the original formula as not Coke previous to 1985, but to Coca-Cola "Classic". | |||
| According to '']'''s 2008 report on carbonated soft drinks, PepsiCo's U.S. market share is 30.8 percent, while The Coca-Cola Company's is 42.7 percent.<ref>, ''Beverage Digest'', March 30, 2009 (PDF)</ref> Coca-Cola outsells Pepsi in most parts of the U.S., notable exceptions being central ], ], and ]. In the city of ], New York, Pepsi outsells Coca-Cola by a two-to-one margin.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rivals4ever.com/history-of-Pepsi-vs-Coke-Rivalry-5-3.htm |title=History of Pepsi vs. Coke Rivalry at Rivals4Ever |publisher=Rivals4ever.com |date= |accessdate=December 10, 2011}}</ref> | |||
| Overall, Coca-Cola continues to outsell Pepsi in almost all areas of the world. However, exceptions include ]; ]; ]; ] (Pepsi has been a dominant sponsor of the ] since the 1990s); the ]; ]; the ] of ], ], ], and ]; and ].<ref>, ''Strategy Magazine'', October 2004</ref> | |||
| Pepsi had long been the drink of ]s, and it continues to hold its dominance by relying on local ] celebrities (especially ], of '']'' fame) to sell its product.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cassies.ca/caselibrary/winners/PepsiMeunier.pdf|format=PDF|title=The Pepsi 'Meunier' Campaign|publisher=Canadian Advertising Success Stories (Cassies) Case Library|accessdate=August 21, 2007}}</ref> PepsiCo introduced the Quebec slogan "here, it's Pepsi" (Ici, c'est Pepsi) in response to Coca-Cola ads proclaiming "Around the world, it's Coke" (Partout dans le monde, c'est Coke). | |||
| As of 2012, Pepsi is the third most popular carbonated drink in India, with a 15% market share, behind ] and ]. In comparison, Coca-Cola is the fourth most popular carbonated drink, occupying a mere 8.8% of the Indian market share.<ref></ref> By most accounts, Coca-Cola was India's leading soft drink until 1977, when it left India because of the new foreign exchange laws which mandated majority shareholding in companies to be held by Indian shareholders. The Coca-Cola Company was unwilling to dilute its stake in its Indian unit as required by the ] (FERA), thus sharing its formula with an entity in which it did not have majority shareholding. In 1988, PepsiCo gained entry to India by creating a joint venture with the Punjab government-owned Punjab Agro Industrial Corporation (PAIC) and Voltas India Limited. This joint venture marketed and sold Lehar Pepsi until 1991, when the use of foreign brands was allowed; PepsiCo bought out its partners and ended the joint venture in 1994. In 1993, The Coca-Cola Company returned in pursuance of India's ] policy.<ref>, ''The Water Dossier'', March 14, 2005</ref> | |||
| In Russia, Pepsi initially had a larger market share than Coke, but it was undercut once the ] ended. In 1972, PepsiCo struck a barter agreement with the then government of the ], in which PepsiCo was granted exportation and Western marketing rights to ] vodka in exchange for importation and Soviet marketing of ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mg.co.za/articlePage.aspx?articleid=267835&area=/insight/insight__economy__business/|title=Pepsi's comeback, Part II|accessdate=July 21, 2007|author=Robert Laing|publisher=|date=March 28, 2006}}</ref><ref>. Free-Essays.us. Retrieved on February 4, 2012.</ref> This exchange led to Pepsi-Cola being the first foreign product sanctioned for sale in the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pepsico.com/PEP_Company/History/index.cfm#|title=PepsiCo Company History (1972)|publisher=PepsiCo, Inc|accessdate=July 21, 2007}}</ref> | |||
| Reminiscent of the way that Coca-Cola became a cultural icon and its global spread spawned words like "]", Pepsi-Cola and its relation to the Soviet system turned it into an icon. In the early 1990s, the term "Pepsi-stroika" began appearing as a pun on "]", the reform policy of the Soviet Union under ]. Critics viewed the policy as an attempt to usher in Western products in deals there with the old elites. Pepsi, as one of the first American products in the Soviet Union, became a symbol of that relationship and the Soviet policy.<ref>The word first appeared in an exhibit in the ] Law School Library in December 1990 to February 1991, then in several articles and books by anthropologist David Lempert, who coined the phrase. Most notable is the third book inside the two volume set, "Pepsi-stroika" in ''Daily Life in a Crumbling Empire: The Absorption of Russia into the World Economy,'' Columbia University Press/ Eastern European Monographs, 1996.</ref> This was reflected in Russian author Victor Pelevin's book "]". | |||
| In 1989, ] mentioned the rivalry between the two companies in the song "]". The line "Rock & Roller Cola Wars" refers to Pepsi and Coke's usage of various musicians in advertising campaigns. Coke used ], while Pepsi used ]. Both companies then competed to get other musicians to advertise its beverages. | |||
| In 1992, following the ], Coca-Cola was introduced to the Russian market. As it came to be associated with the new system, and Pepsi to the old, Coca-Cola rapidly captured a significant market share that might otherwise have required years to achieve. By July 2005, Coca-Cola enjoyed a market share of 19.4 percent, followed by Pepsi with 13 percent.<ref>, ''The Moscow Times'', December 30, 2005</ref> | |||
| Pepsi did not sell soft drinks in Israel until 1991. Many Israelis and some American Jewish organizations attributed Pepsi's previous reluctance to do battle to the Arab boycott. Pepsi, which has a large and lucrative business in the Arab world, denied that, saying that economic, rather than political, reasons kept it out of Israel.<ref>Tom Hundley . Chicago Tribune, May 19, 1992</ref> | |||
| ===Pepsiman=== | |||
| Pepsiman is an official Pepsi mascot from Pepsi's ]ese corporate branch. The design of the Pepsiman character is attributed to Canadian comic book artist ], created sometime around the mid-1990s. Pepsiman took on three different outfits, each one representing the current style of the Pepsi can in distribution. Twelve commercials were created featuring the character. His role in the advertisements is to appear with Pepsi to thirsty people or people craving soda. Pepsiman happens to appear at just the right time with the product. After delivering the beverage, sometimes Pepsiman would encounter a difficult and action-oriented situation which would result in injury. Another more minor mascot, Pepsiwoman, also featured in a few of her own commercials for ]; her appearance is basically a female Pepsiman wearing a lemon-shaped ].<ref name="ad featuring Pepsiwoman">{{cite web|title=Pepsiwoman ad|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JCS62Orn70E}}</ref> | |||
| In 1996, ] released the ] version of its arcade fighting game '']''. In this game Pepsiman was included as a special character, with his specialty listed as being the ability to "quench one's thirst". He does not appear in any other version or sequel. In 1999, ] developed a ] for the ] entitled '']''. As the titular character, the player runs "on rails" (forced motion on a scrolling linear path), skateboards, rolls, and stumbles through various areas, avoiding dangers and collecting cans of Pepsi, all while trying to reach a thirsty person as in the commercials.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pepsiman: PlayStation's Strangest Moment?|url=http://uk.ign.com/articles/1999/03/10/pepsiman-playstations-strangest-moment|publisher=IGN}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.joystiq.com/2012/07/29/stiq-figures-july-16-22-pepsiman-edition/ | title=Stiq Figures, July 16 - 22: Pepsiman edition | publisher=] | date=July 29, 2012 | accessdate=September 10, 2013 | author=Mike Suszek}}</ref><ref name="Pepsiman gameplay video">{{cite web|title=Pepsiman gameplay video|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uGObX_F5F1A}}</ref> | |||
| === Car contest in Novosibirsk === | |||
| In 2002, at ], Pepsi created a contest to win a car, where customers who bought a bottle of Pepsi could win a car by choosing the right key for the car. However, when a man was able to open a car, he was sued by Pepsi, as Pepsi had made the contest impossible by not having the key for the car as a selection.<ref>http://www.sostav.ru/sotka/news/2002/07/17/r6/</ref> | |||
| ==Ingredients== | |||
| {{Infobox nutrition facts | |||
| |serv_size_us= 12 fl oz | |||
| |serv_size_met= 355 ml | |||
| |#_servings= 1 | |||
| |calories= 150<ref name="Pepsi Nutritional Info">{{cite web | url=http://www.pepsi.ca/default.aspx?bhcp=1#/en/products | title=Pepsi Nutritional Info | accessdate=March 16, 2011}}</ref> | |||
| |cal_from_fat= 0 | |||
| |total_fat_g= 0 | |||
| |sat_fat_g= 0 | |||
| |trans_fat_g= 0 | |||
| |cholesterol_mg= 0 | |||
| |sodium_mg= 15 | |||
| |potassium_mg= 0 | |||
| |carb_g= 41 | |||
| |fiber_g= 0 | |||
| |sugars_g= 41 | |||
| |protein_g= 0 | |||
| |vit_a= 0 | |||
| |vit_c= 0 | |||
| |calcium= 0 | |||
| |iron= 0 | |||
| }} | |||
| In the United States, Pepsi is made with carbonated water, ], ], ], ], ], ] and ]. A can of Pepsi (12 fl ounces) has 41 grams of ] (all from ]), 30 mg of ], 0 grams of ], 0 grams of ], 38 mg of ] and 150 ].<ref>. Thedailyplate.com. Retrieved on February 4, 2012.</ref><ref>. Pepsi Product Facts (June 17, 2011). Retrieved on February 4, 2012.</ref> The caffeine-free Pepsi-Cola contains the same ingredients but without the caffeine. | |||
| In August 2010, PepsiCo entered into a 4-year agreement with ] for the development of artificial high-potency sweeteners for PepsiCo beverages. Under the contract, PepsiCo is paying $30 million to Senomyx for the research and future royalties on PepsiCo products sold using Senomyx technology. According to PepsiCo, this collaboration will focus on the discovery, development and commercialization of sweet enhancers, with the purpose of providing lower-calorie PepsiCo beverages. PepsiCo will have exclusive rights to the Senomyx sweet flavor ingredients developed through the collaboration.<ref name="PepsiCo and Senomyx Enter Into Collaboration to Discover, Develop and Commercialize New Sweet Flavor Ingredients">{{cite web|title=PepsiCo and Senomyx Enter Into Collaboration to Discover, Develop and Commercialize New Sweet Flavor Ingredients|url=http://www.pepsico.com/PressRelease/PepsiCo-and-Senomyx-Enter-Into-Collaboration-to-Discover-Develop-and-Commerciali08172010.html|accessdate=October 31, 2011}}</ref> | |||
| In September 2012 Pepsi launched a new product called ] which contains 30% less sugar and added ] as a zero calorie sweetener. The product was rolled out in Australia and was launched in the US on February 27, 2013.<ref name="PepsiCo and Senomyx Enter Into Collaboration to Discover, Develop and Commercialize New Sweet Flavor Ingredients">{{cite web|title=Stevia sweetened Pepsi NEXT hits Australia in cola first|url=http://www.beveragedaily.com/Markets/Stevia-sweetened-Pepsi-NEXT-hits-Australia-in-cola-first|accessdate=November 27, 2012}}</ref> | |||
| ==Slogans== | |||
| ===American slogans=== | |||
| * 1939–1950: "Twice as Much for a Nickel" | |||
| * 1949: "Pepsi Cola P-E-P-S-I (spelled out), that's your smartest cola buy." | |||
| * 1949–1950: "Pepsi Cola hits the spot, two full glasses, that's a lot" | |||
| * 1950: "More Bounce to the Ounce" | |||
| * 1950–1957: "Any Weather is Pepsi Weather" | |||
| * 1957–1958: "Say Pepsi, Please" | |||
| * 1959-1960: "The Sociables Prefer Pepsi" | |||
| * 1961–1964: "Now It's Pepsi for Those Who Think Young" (jingle sung by ]) | |||
| * 1964–1967: "Come Alive, You're in the ]" (jingle sung by Joanie Sommers) | |||
| * 1967–1969: "(Taste that beats the others cold) Pepsi Pours It On". | |||
| * 1969–1975: "You've Got a Lot to Live, and Pepsi's Got a Lot to Give" | |||
| * 1977–1980: "Join the Pepsi People (Feeling Free)" | |||
| * 1980–1981: "Catch That Pepsi Spirit" (], composer) | |||
| * 1981–1983: "Pepsi's got your taste for life" | |||
| * 1983–1984: "Pepsi Now! Take the Challenge!" | |||
| * 1984–1988 and 1990-1991: "Pepsi. The Choice of a New Generation" (featuring ]) | |||
| * 1989: "Pepsi. A Generation Ahead" | |||
| * 1991–1992: "Gotta Have It"/"Chill Out" | |||
| * 1992: "The Choice Is Yours" | |||
| * 1992–1993: "Be Young, Have Fun, Drink Pepsi" | |||
| * 1993–1994: "Right Now" (] song for the ] advertisement) | |||
| * 1994–1995: "Double Dutch Bus" (Pepsi song sung by Brad Bentz) | |||
| * 1995: "Nothing Else is a Pepsi" | |||
| * 1995–1996: "Drink Pepsi. Get Stuff." (] campaign) | |||
| * 1996: "Change The Script" | |||
| * 1997–1998: "Generation Next" (with the ]) | |||
| * 1998: "Generation Next" (with ], During ]) | |||
| * 1998–1999: "It's the cola" (100th anniversary commercial) | |||
| * 1999: "]" (commercial and promotional single with ]) | |||
| * 1999–2000: "For Those Who Think Young"/"The Joy of Pepsi-Cola" (commercial with ]/commercial with ]) | |||
| * 2003: "Its the Cola"/"Dare for More" (Pepsi Commercial) | |||
| * 2006–2007: "Why You Doggin' Me"/"Taste the one that's forever young" (]) | |||
| * 2007–2008: "More Happy"/"Taste the once that's forever young" (Michael Alexander) | |||
| * 2008: "Pepsi Stuff" ] Commercial (]) | |||
| * 2008: "Pepsi is #1" ТV commercial (Luke Rosin) | |||
| * 2008–present: "Something For Everyone" | |||
| * 2009–present: "Refresh Everything"/"Every Generation Refreshes the World" | |||
| * 2010–present: "Every Pepsi Refreshes The World" | |||
| * 2011–present "Summer Time is Pepsi Time" | |||
| * 2011–present "Born in the Carolinas" | |||
| * 2012: "Where there's Pepsi, there's music" – used for the 2012 Super Bowl commercial featuring ] | |||
| * 2012: "Change The Game" (featuring ], ], ], and ]) | |||
| * 2012: "The Best Drink Created Worldwide" | |||
| * 2013–2015: "Live for Now" – used for the 2013 Super Bowl Halftime show commercial featuring ] | |||
| * 2015–present: "Out of the Blue" | |||
| ===International slogans=== | |||
| * 1990–1991: "Yehi hai right choice Baby, Aha" (] – meaning "This is the right choice Baby <sound of approval>") (India) | |||
| * 1996–1997: "Pepsi: There's nothing official about it" (During the Wills World Cup (cricket) held in India/Pakistan/Sri Lanka) | |||
| * 1999–2006: "]" (] – meaning "This heart asks for more") (]) | |||
| * 2002: "Change the World" (]) | |||
| * 2003-2007: "Khallik adaha" (]) (]) - meaning stay on its size | |||
| * 2000–present: "Pepsi ye pyaas heh badi" ((Hindi) meaning "There is a lot of thirst" (India)) | |||
| * 2009–present: "Yeh hai youngistaan meri jaan" (] – meaning "This is our young country my darling") | |||
| * 2009–present: "My Pepsi My Way" (]) | |||
| * 2009–present: "Refresca tu Mundo" (] – meaning "Refresh your world") (Spanish Speaking countries in Latin America) | |||
| * 2009: "Joy It Forward" (]) | |||
| * 2010–present: "Pepsi. Sarap Magbago." (] – meaning "Its nice to change") | |||
| * 2010–2011: "Badal Do Zamana" (] – meaning "Change The World" by CALL) (]) | |||
| * 2010–2011: "Love!" (Japan, for Pepsi Nex) | |||
| * 2010–present: "Pode ser bom, pode ser muito bom, pode ser Pepsi" (It can be good, it can be very good, it can be Pepsi) – ] and ] | |||
| * 2011–present: "Change the game" (], ] and ] for the ]) | |||
| * 2011–present: "Dunya Hai Dil Walon Ki" (]-meaning World is For Lovers by Ali Zafar) | |||
| * 2011–present: "Ici, c'est Pepsi" (]-meaning Here, it's Pepsi) | |||
| * 2011–present: "Go Next!" (Japan, for Pepsi Next) | |||
| * 2013–present: "Kore BaMishpahot Hakhi Tovot!" (Hebrew) (]) - meaning Heppens at the best families | |||
| * 2013–present: "Dil Maange Abhi" (Urdu) (]) - meaning Heart Requires Now | |||
| * 2013–present: "Oh Yes Abhi" (Hindi) (]) - meaning Oh Yes Now | |||
| * 2013–present: "Yalla now!" (Arabic) (]) - meaning Lets Go Now | |||
| * 2015–present: "Live It Abhi" (Hindi) (])- meaning "live it now" | |||
| ===Global slogans=== | |||
| * 2013–present: "Embrace your past, but live for now" - Global campaign featuring ]. | |||
| ==Variants== | |||
| {{Main|List of Pepsi variations}} | |||
| ===Fictional drinks=== | |||
| * '''Pepsi Perfect''': A vitamin-enriched Pepsi variation shown in the movie '']'' in scenes set in the year 2015. | |||
| * '''Pepsi Nex''': Pepsi variation shown in the 2011 Japanese anime series, '']''. Pepsi then released a Pepsi Nex variant in Japan in 2012, perhaps for promotional purposes. | |||
| * '''Popsi''': Pepsi variation shown on an episode of ''].'' | |||
| * '''Peppy Cola''': Pepsi variation shown on multiple episodes of ''].'' | |||
| ==See also== | |||
| {{div col|2}} | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] (roller coaster) | |||
| * ] (roller coaster) | |||
| * ] (roller coaster) | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| {{div col end}} | |||
| ==References== | |||
| ;'''Notes''' | |||
| {{reflist|2}} | |||
| ;'''Bibliography''' | |||
| * ''Beverage World Magazine'', January 1998, "Celebrating a Century of Refreshment: Pepsi — The First 100 Years" | |||
| * Stoddard, Bob. ''Pepsi-Cola – 100 Years'' (1997), General Publishing Group, Los Angeles, CA, USA | |||
| * "''History & Milestones''" (1996), Pepsi packet | |||
| * Louis, J.C. & Yazijian, Harvey Z. "The Cola Wars" (1980), Everest House, Publishers, New York, NY, USA | |||
| ==External links== | |||
| {{commons category}} | |||
| * {{Official website}} | |||
| * {{Wayback |date=20070115044407 |url=http://www.pepsigallery.com/ |title=Pepsi Gallery – Pepsi Promotional site }} | |||
| * | |||
| {{Navboxes | |||
| |title=Articles and topics related to Pepsi | |||
| |state=collapsed | |||
| |list1= | |||
| {{PepsiCo}} | |||
| {{Varieties of Pepsi}} | |||
| {{colas}} | |||
| }} | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||