Ripuarian language: Difference between revisions

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	'''Ripuarian''' (also ''Ripuarian Franconian'' or ''Ripuarisch Platt''; natively ''Ripoarėsch'') is a ] group, part of the ] language group.		'''Ripuarian''' (also ''Ripuarian Franconian'' or ''Ripuarisch Platt''; natively ''Ripoarėsch'') is a ] group, part of the ] language group.
	Together with the ] which includes the ], Ripuarian belongs to the larger ] dialect family and also to the ] linguistic ] with the ]<nowiki/>west, and ] in the east. The language area also comprises the north of the ] as well as the southern edge of the ] province of the ], especially ] (''Kirchroa''). The name derives from the ] (''Rheinfranken''), who settled in the area from the 4th century onwards.		Together with the ] which includes the ], Ripuarian belongs to the larger ] dialect family and also to the ] linguistic ] with the ].

	The most famous member is '']'', the local dialect of Cologne. Dialects belonging to the Ripuarian group almost always call themselves ''Platt'' like '']'' (of ]) or ''Eischwiele Platt'' (of ]), '']'' (of ]) '']'' (of ]) or '']'' (of ]). Most of the more than one hundred Ripuarian dialects are bound to one specific village or municipality. Usually there are small distinctive differences between neighboring dialects (which are however easily noticeable to locals), and increasingly bigger ones between the more distant ones. These are described by a set of ]es called the ] in linguistics. The way people talk, even if they are not using Ripuarian, often allows them to be traced precisely to a village or city quarter where they learned to speak~~.Ian already needs a family~~.		It is spoken in the ] south of the ], from northwest of ] and ] to ] in the west, and ] in the east. The language area also comprises the north of the ] as well as the southern edge of the ] province of the ], especially ] (''Kirchroa''). The name derives from the ] (''Rheinfranken''), who settled in the area from the 4th century onwards.

			The most famous member is '']'', the local dialect of Cologne. Dialects belonging to the Ripuarian group almost always call themselves ''Platt'' like '']'' (of ]) or ''Eischwiele Platt'' (of ]), '']'' (of ]) '']'' (of ]) or '']'' (of ]). Most of the more than one hundred Ripuarian dialects are bound to one specific village or municipality. Usually there are small distinctive differences between neighboring dialects (which are however easily noticeable to locals), and increasingly bigger ones between the more distant ones. These are described by a set of ]es called the ] in linguistics. The way people talk, even if they are not using Ripuarian, often allows them to be traced precisely to a village or city quarter where they learned to speak.

	==Number of speakers==		==Number of speakers==

Revision as of 21:46, 1 December 2015

For other uses, see Ripuarian (disambiguation).

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Ripuarian
Ripoarisch
Native to	Germany, Belgium, Netherlands
Region	North Rhine-Westphalia, Rhineland-Palatinate, Liège, Limburg
Native speakers	≈ 900,000
Language family	Indo-European Germanic West Germanic High German Central German West Central German Central Franconian Ripuarian
Language codes
ISO 639-3	`ksh` (Kölsch dialect)
Glottolog	None
Area where Ripuarian is spoken. Green = sparsely populated forest.
Central German language area. 1 = Ripuarian.

Ripuarian (also Ripuarian Franconian or Ripuarisch Platt; natively Ripoarėsch) is a German dialect group, part of the West Central German language group. Together with the Moselle Franconian which includes the Luxembourgish language, Ripuarian belongs to the larger Central Franconian dialect family and also to the Rhinelandic linguistic continuum with the Low Franconian languages.

It is spoken in the Rhineland south of the Benrath line, from northwest of Düsseldorf and Cologne to Aachen in the west, and Waldbröl in the east. The language area also comprises the north of the German-speaking Community of Belgium as well as the southern edge of the Limburg province of the Netherlands, especially Kerkrade (Kirchroa). The name derives from the Ripuarian Franks (Rheinfranken), who settled in the area from the 4th century onwards.

The most famous member is Kölsch, the local dialect of Cologne. Dialects belonging to the Ripuarian group almost always call themselves Platt like Öcher Platt (of Aachen) or Eischwiele Platt (of Eschweiler), Kirchröadsj Platt (of Kerkrade) Bocheser Platt (of Bocholtz) or Bönnsch Platt (of Bonn). Most of the more than one hundred Ripuarian dialects are bound to one specific village or municipality. Usually there are small distinctive differences between neighboring dialects (which are however easily noticeable to locals), and increasingly bigger ones between the more distant ones. These are described by a set of isoglosses called the Rhenish fan in linguistics. The way people talk, even if they are not using Ripuarian, often allows them to be traced precisely to a village or city quarter where they learned to speak.

Number of speakers

About a million people speak a Ripuarian dialect, which constitutes about one quarter of the inhabitants of the area. Penetration of Ripuarian in everyday communication varies considerably, as does the percentage of Ripuarian speakers from one place to another. In some places there may be only a few elderly speakers left, while elsewhere Ripuarian usage is common in everyday life. Both in the genuine Ripuarian area and far around it, the number of people passively understanding Ripuarian to some extent exceeds the number of active speakers by far. Estimates assume some ten, and up to twenty million.

Influences

These Ripuarian varieties are related to the Moselle Franconian languages spoken in the southern Rhineland (Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland) in Germany, to the Luxembourgish language in Luxembourg, to the Low Franconian Limburgish language in the Dutch province of Limburg, and to Low Dietsch in the province of Liège, Belgium. Most of the historic roots of Ripuarian languages are in Middle High German, but there were other influences too, such as Latin, Low German, Dutch, French, and Southern Meuse-Rhenish (Limburgish). Several elements of grammar are unique to Ripuarian, existing in no other German language. Belgium and the Netherlands officially recognise some Ripuarian dialects as minority languages, and the European Union likewise follows.

References

v t e Languages and dialects of Benelux
Dutch Brabantian Central Dutch Hollandic East Flemish Kleverlandish West Flemish Zeelandic Stadsfries English French Belgian French Champenois Lorrain Picard Walloon High German Standard High German Ripuarian Limburgish Low German Northern Low Saxon Gronings Westphalian Achterhoeks Drèents Sallands Stellingwarfs Tweants Urkers Veluws Luxembourgish Papiamento West Frisian
Sign languages	Deutsche Gebärdensprache, DGS Langue des signes Francophone de Belgique, LSFB Nederlandse Gebarentaal, NGT Vlaamse Gebarentaal, VGT
Languages of Belgium Languages of the Netherlands Languages of Luxembourg

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