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| '''Lladró''' ({{IPA-ca|ʎaˈðɾo|va}}) is a ] company based in ], ], that produces ] ]s. | |||
| ==History== | |||
| '''Lladró''' es una empresa de ] y ] española con sede en la localidad de ] (]), ]. | |||
| The company was founded in 1953 by three brothers, Juan, José and Vicente Lladró, in the village of ] near Valencia. Starting with items such as vases and jugs, it wasn't until 1956 that they started producing the sculptures for which they are now most famous. Enthusiasm for the items produced by the Lladró brothers saw their small workshop expand several times until eventually they moved to Tavernes Blanques in 1958. | |||
| * 1962, the brothers open the Professional Training School at their site in Tavernes Blanques to share their knowledge and experience. | |||
| * 1969, on 13 October the City of Porcelain was opened by the ]. It took 2 years to build, and currently over 2,000 people work there. | |||
| ] | |||
| * 1970, Lladró begins to use a new material, gres, for its sculptures. It has earthy colours and is used frequently in natural themes. | |||
| * 1973, Lladró buys 50% of the North American company Weil Ceramics & Glass. | |||
| * 1974, the first blue emblem, consisting of a bellflower and ancient chemical symbol, appears on the base to show the origin of the sculpture. The Elite Collection is also launched. | |||
| * 1984, Rosa, Mari Carmen and Juan Vicente Lladró joined the company. One child of each of the founding members. They underwent a long apprenticeship before they were permitted responsibility in the company. | |||
| * 1985, the Collector's Society is formed. The first annual sculpture, called "Little Pals", can fetch several thousand US dollars at auction due to the small number of members able to purchase it in the early years. | |||
| * 1986, Lladró forms an alliance with the Mitsui Group creating a subsidiary called Bussan Lladró based in ] | |||
| * 1988, on September 18 in ] the Lladró Museum and Gallery is opened on 57th Street in ]. | |||
| * 1993, Lladró receives the Principe Felipe award for internationalisation. | |||
| * 2001, Lladró Privilege, a new customer loyalty programme, takes over from the Lladró Collectors Society. | |||
| * 2004, Lladró Privilege Gold, a new level of loyalty programme within the Privilege programme. | |||
| * 2011, Lladró Privilege Society changes into Lladro Gold, Privilege name is dropped and only one level of membership is offered. | |||
| * 2013, Lladró Expands into the lighting market with Belle De Nuit, a collection of chandeliers, lamps and sconces. | |||
| * 2013, Lladro Releases the first piece in their new Dazzle collection which uses a geometric black and white design. | |||
| == |
==Technique== | ||
| ] | |||
| ], ]).]] | |||
| La marca Lladró apareció por primera vez en 1953, cuando los hermanos Juan, ] y Vicente Lladró empezaron a elaborar sus primeras piezas de ] en un ] construido en su casa familiar en ] (Valencia). En aquel momento los hermanos Lladró trabajaban por cuenta ajena en una fábrica de ]s y ]s. En 1958 trasladaron su empresa a una nave industrial en la población de ] para poder hacer frente a la creciente demanda de sus piezas. Seguidamente, a partir de los años sesenta la empresa inició su expansión internacional, que la llevó a ser empresa de referencia en la cerámica de ]. En 1965 Lladró exportaba parte de su producción a ] y empezó a introducirse en ]. Durante los años 1970 se produjo un significativo incremento de los productos Lladró en el mercado norteamericano. También a mediados de los años setenta Lladró empezó a vender sus productos en ]. | |||
| The manufacturing ingredients are kept under tight guard. The process is detailed in a number of Lladró publications and is on view for tours at the City of Porcelain. Lladró figurines are made of ]. | |||
| El éxito internacional llevó a la compañía a inaugurar, en 1988, el Museo y Galería Lladró de ]. El renombre adquirido por las esculturas Lladró propició que en 1991 fuera expuesta una selección de las mismas en el ], en ]. Desde entonces, dos piezas forman parte de la colección permanente de este museo: «Carroza siglo XVIII» y «Don Quijote». En 1992 Lladró estuvo presente en el Pabellón de Valencia en la ] de ]. En 1995 se inauguró el Centro Lladró en ]. | |||
| ==Marketing== | |||
| En 2003, la familia Lladró decidió dividir la sociedad. Las tres ramas de la familia, que se repartían la empresa al 33%, alcanzaron un acuerdo para repartirla. De esta manera, a finales de 2003 se constituyó un nuevo consejo de administración en el que cada uno de los tres hermanos fundadores estaba representado por dos de sus hijos: Juan Lladró por Rosa y Ángeles Lladró Sala; José Lladró por Mª Carmen y Mª José Lladró Castelló; y Vicente Lladró por Juan Vicente y David Lladró Roig. En 2007 Juan Lladró asume la propiedad del negocio en su mayor parte, junto a sus hijas Rosa y Ángeles.<ref>(Los hermanos Lladró dividen el negocio familiar tras 54 años) Cinco días, 24/5/2007. Accedido el 5/3/2012.</ref> | |||
| Lladró figurines are given an additional title in ] as well as the ] original, however these names are frequently not translations (figurative or literal) but new names that are more likely to appeal to an English speaking audience. An area for some confusion is that the names of the pieces can change throughout their run so the same figurine may end up with several titles. | |||
| ==Popular culture== | |||
| == Proceso de fabricación de las figuras == | |||
| {{Globalize/US|section|date=December 2010}} | |||
| Todas las piezas se elaboran en los talleres de La Ciudad de la Porcelana en Tavernes Blanques. | |||
| *In an episode of the ] '']'' (season 7 episode 12, "Christmas Break"), ]'s mother Marilyn (portrayed by ]) had a collection of Lladró, her favourite being 'Ouisan, the bashful ].' She was described as being priceless; the humour of the episode revolved around ] breaking the figurine and was fearful of Marilyn finding out, as she was very precious to her (she declared she would "wait until April and pour bleach on her (the culprit's) roses"). | |||
| *In '']'', ] boasts about her Lladró figurine in "]" (season 4 episode 6). In the episode "]" (season 6 episode 16), Carmela breaks the figurine by throwing it at ]. | |||
| La pieza original se divide en fragmentos de los cuales se obtienen moldes. Estos moldes se rellenan con pasta líquida de porcelana, dando lugar a las partes que después se recomponen utilizando pasta de porcelana como adherente. Diferentes elementos ornamentales, como por ejemplo las flores, se añaden después a mano sobre la pieza recompuesta. A continuación las piezas se pintan a mano y se barnizan. Finalmente se cuecen durante alrededor de veinte horas y una vez salidas del horno se les aplican diversos procesos de control de calidad. | |||
| <ref>{{cita libro |nombre=V.V.A.A. |título=La voluntad creadora |idioma=Español |año=1998 |editor=Lladró Comercial S.A. |ubicación=Valencia |isbn=8460575578 | |||
| |capítulo=Un día en La Ciudad de la Porcelana}}</ref> | |||
| *In '']'' (season 5 episode 5), Fran's paternal aunt Freida contemplates on whether she may or may not hire Niles as a butler. She decides that she should because she wants someone to dust her Lladró collection. Nonetheless, she pronounces it wrong ("Lardo") and makes a remark about it to Fran's mother Sylvia ("You can pronounce it, I can afford it"). | |||
| ==Distinciones== | |||
| La empresa ha recibido en tres ocasiones el ], en sus ediciones de 1993, 1997 y 2002. | |||
| *In '']'' Roman Grant's wife Adaleen has a large Lladró collection. | |||
| == Referencias == | |||
| {{listaref}} | |||
| *In ''Russell Brand Radio Show'' (BBC Radio 2 episode), Russell refers to the chink of his hard buttocks hitting the seat of the toilet as 'making the sound of two Lladro figurines kissing'. | |||
| == Bibliografía == | |||
| *Lladró, José . Ed. LID, ISBN-13: 9788488717993. | |||
| *V.V.A.A La Voluntad Creadora. Lladró Comercial, ISBN-13: 9788460575573. | |||
| ==See also== | |||
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| ==External links== | |||
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Revision as of 01:58, 18 January 2016
 | This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Lladró" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (October 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
 | |
| Company type | S.A. (corporation) |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1953 |
| Headquarters | Tavernes Blanques, Spain |
| Products | Ceramic art, porcelain figurines |
| Website | www.lladro.com |
Lladró (Catalan pronunciation: [ʎaˈðɾo]) is a Spanish company based in Tavernes Blanques, Valencia, that produces porcelain figurines.
History
The company was founded in 1953 by three brothers, Juan, José and Vicente Lladró, in the village of Almàssera near Valencia. Starting with items such as vases and jugs, it wasn't until 1956 that they started producing the sculptures for which they are now most famous. Enthusiasm for the items produced by the Lladró brothers saw their small workshop expand several times until eventually they moved to Tavernes Blanques in 1958.
- 1962, the brothers open the Professional Training School at their site in Tavernes Blanques to share their knowledge and experience.
- 1969, on 13 October the City of Porcelain was opened by the Spanish Minister for Industry. It took 2 years to build, and currently over 2,000 people work there.
- 1970, Lladró begins to use a new material, gres, for its sculptures. It has earthy colours and is used frequently in natural themes.
- 1973, Lladró buys 50% of the North American company Weil Ceramics & Glass.
- 1974, the first blue emblem, consisting of a bellflower and ancient chemical symbol, appears on the base to show the origin of the sculpture. The Elite Collection is also launched.
- 1984, Rosa, Mari Carmen and Juan Vicente Lladró joined the company. One child of each of the founding members. They underwent a long apprenticeship before they were permitted responsibility in the company.
- 1985, the Collector's Society is formed. The first annual sculpture, called "Little Pals", can fetch several thousand US dollars at auction due to the small number of members able to purchase it in the early years.
- 1986, Lladró forms an alliance with the Mitsui Group creating a subsidiary called Bussan Lladró based in Tokyo
- 1988, on September 18 in New York the Lladró Museum and Gallery is opened on 57th Street in Manhattan.
- 1993, Lladró receives the Principe Felipe award for internationalisation.
- 2001, Lladró Privilege, a new customer loyalty programme, takes over from the Lladró Collectors Society.
- 2004, Lladró Privilege Gold, a new level of loyalty programme within the Privilege programme.
- 2011, Lladró Privilege Society changes into Lladro Gold, Privilege name is dropped and only one level of membership is offered.
- 2013, Lladró Expands into the lighting market with Belle De Nuit, a collection of chandeliers, lamps and sconces.
- 2013, Lladro Releases the first piece in their new Dazzle collection which uses a geometric black and white design.
Technique
The manufacturing ingredients are kept under tight guard. The process is detailed in a number of Lladró publications and is on view for tours at the City of Porcelain. Lladró figurines are made of hard-paste porcelain.
Marketing
Lladró figurines are given an additional title in English as well as the Spanish original, however these names are frequently not translations (figurative or literal) but new names that are more likely to appeal to an English speaking audience. An area for some confusion is that the names of the pieces can change throughout their run so the same figurine may end up with several titles.
Popular culture
- In an episode of the sitcom Will and Grace (season 7 episode 12, "Christmas Break"), Will's mother Marilyn (portrayed by Blythe Danner) had a collection of Lladró, her favourite being 'Ouisan, the bashful geisha.' She was described as being priceless; the humour of the episode revolved around Grace's breaking the figurine and was fearful of Marilyn finding out, as she was very precious to her (she declared she would "wait until April and pour bleach on her (the culprit's) roses").
- In The Sopranos, Carmela Soprano boasts about her Lladró figurine in "Everybody Hurts" (season 4 episode 6). In the episode "Chasing It" (season 6 episode 16), Carmela breaks the figurine by throwing it at Tony Soprano.
- In The Nanny (season 5 episode 5), Fran's paternal aunt Freida contemplates on whether she may or may not hire Niles as a butler. She decides that she should because she wants someone to dust her Lladró collection. Nonetheless, she pronounces it wrong ("Lardo") and makes a remark about it to Fran's mother Sylvia ("You can pronounce it, I can afford it").
- In Big Love Roman Grant's wife Adaleen has a large Lladró collection.
- In Russell Brand Radio Show (BBC Radio 2 episode), Russell refers to the chink of his hard buttocks hitting the seat of the toilet as 'making the sound of two Lladro figurines kissing'.