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| '''Fast Low-Ionization Emission Region''', or '''FLIER''', is |
A '''Fast Low-Ionization Emission Region''', or '''FLIER''', is a volume of gas with low ionization, moving at supersonic speeds, near the symmetry axis of many ]e. Their outflow speeds are significantly higher than the nebulae in which they are embedded, and their ionizations are much lower. FLIERs' high speeds suggest ages much younger than their parent nebulae, and their low ionizations indicate that the ultraviolet radiation that ionizes the gas around them does not penetrate into the FLIERs. The ] features a set of FLIERs.<ref>Terzian, Yervant{{cite web|url=http://myeducationresearch.org/databases/cgi-bin/kwq.asp?qu=@recnumber%20FBA20098067&FreeText=&sc=%2Fpierianp%2Ffba%2F|title=Clearest Images of Mysterious Cosmic Spouts (FLIERS). |date=18 May 1743|work= myeducationresearch.org, The Pierian Press, 17 Dec 1997. Online. Internet.|accessdate=30 Nov 2010}}</ref> | ||
| A picture of the Blinking Planetary ] was taken by the ] on 27 January 1996, and the estimated distance from the telescope to the nebula is about 0.7 kiloparsecs or 2,200 light-years. Previously, nebulae and their FLIERs could be seen from ground-based telescopes with limited clarity. The Hubble Space Telescope's Blinking Planetary image credit goes to astronomers Bruce Balick of the University of Washington; Jason Alexander, ]; Arsen Hajian, U.S. ], Washington, D.C.; Mario Perinotto, ] (Italy); Patrizio Patriarchi, ] (Italy); and Cornell's Terzian, who used a special instrument with the Hubble Telescope known as ] (pronounced "wiffpick two"). Object NGC 7009, which also shows very prominent FLIERs, nicknamed the ], was observed by the Hubble Space Telescope on 28 April 1996, and is one of the images released. Astronomers believe the distance from here to the ] is 0.42 kiloparsecs or 1,400 light-years. | |||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
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A Fast Low-Ionization Emission Region, or FLIER, is a volume of gas with low ionization, moving at supersonic speeds, near the symmetry axis of many planetary nebulae. Their outflow speeds are significantly higher than the nebulae in which they are embedded, and their ionizations are much lower. FLIERs' high speeds suggest ages much younger than their parent nebulae, and their low ionizations indicate that the ultraviolet radiation that ionizes the gas around them does not penetrate into the FLIERs. The Blinking Planetary features a set of FLIERs.
References
- Terzian, Yervant"Clearest Images of Mysterious Cosmic Spouts (FLIERS). [Web links]". myeducationresearch.org, The Pierian Press, 17 Dec 1997. Online. Internet. 18 May 1743. Retrieved 30 Nov 2010.
Stub
No current model of stellar or nebular evolution explains FLIERs.
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